The Port of Montreal (, ) ( ACI Canadian Port Code: 0395,

UN/LOCODE UN/LOCODE, the United Nations Code for Trade and Transport Locations, is a geographic coding scheme developed and maintained by United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). UN/LOCODE assigns codes to locations used in trade and transpo ...

: CA MTR) is a cruise and

transshipment Transshipment, trans-shipment or transhipment is the shipment of goods or containers to an intermediate destination, then to another destination. One possible reason for transshipment is to change the means of transport during the journey (e.g. ...

point. It is located on the

St. Lawrence River The St. Lawrence River (, ) is a large international river in the middle latitudes of North America connecting the Great Lakes to the North Atlantic Ocean. Its waters flow in a northeasterly direction from Lake Ontario to the Gulf of St. Lawren ...

Montreal, Québec Montreal is the largest city in the province of Quebec, the second-largest in Canada, and the ninth-largest in North America. It was founded in 1642 as '' Ville-Marie'', or "City of Mary", and is now named after Mount Royal, the triple-peak ...

Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its Provinces and territories of Canada, ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, making it the world's List of coun ...

. The port operates as an international container port. It services

Quebec Quebec is Canada's List of Canadian provinces and territories by area, largest province by area. Located in Central Canada, the province shares borders with the provinces of Ontario to the west, Newfoundland and Labrador to the northeast, ...

Ontario Ontario is the southernmost Provinces and territories of Canada, province of Canada. Located in Central Canada, Ontario is the Population of Canada by province and territory, country's most populous province. As of the 2021 Canadian census, it ...

Toronto Toronto ( , locally pronounced or ) is the List of the largest municipalities in Canada by population, most populous city in Canada. It is the capital city of the Provinces and territories of Canada, Canadian province of Ontario. With a p ...

, the rest of

Central Canada Central Canada (, sometimes the ''Central Provinces'') is a Canadian region consisting of Ontario and Quebec, the largest and most populous provinces of the country. Geographically, they are not at the centre of Canada but instead overlap wi ...

, the

Midwestern United States The Midwestern United States (also referred to as the Midwest, the Heartland or the American Midwest) is one of the four census regions defined by the United States Census Bureau. It occupies the northern central part of the United States. It ...

, and the

Northeastern United States The Northeastern United States (also referred to as the Northeast, the East Coast, or the American Northeast) is List of regions of the United States, census regions United States Census Bureau. Located on the East Coast of the United States, ...

. Though found on the

Saint Lawrence Seaway The St. Lawrence Seaway () is a system of rivers, locks, canals and channels in Eastern Canada and Northern United States that permits oceangoing vessels to travel from the Atlantic Ocean to the Great Lakes of North America, as far inland ...

, it is some inland from the

Atlantic Ocean The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world's five borders of the oceans, oceanic divisions, with an area of about . It covers approximately 17% of Earth#Surface, Earth's surface and about 24% of its water surface area. During the ...

and it is on the shortest direct route between the

North American North America is a continent in the Northern and Western hemispheres. North America is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Caribbean Sea, and to the sou ...

Midwest and Europe or the Mediterranean. In 2024, more than 2,000 cargo ships visited with the port, while handling 35,410,000 metric tonnes of

consumer goods A final good or consumer good is a final product ready for sale that is used by the consumer to satisfy current wants or needs, unlike an intermediate good, which is used to produce other goods. A microwave oven or a bicycle is a final good. W ...

machinery A machine is a physical system that uses power to apply forces and control movement to perform an action. The term is commonly applied to artificial devices, such as those employing engines or motors, but also to natural biological macromolec ...

cereal A cereal is a grass cultivated for its edible grain. Cereals are the world's largest crops, and are therefore staple foods. They include rice, wheat, rye, oats, barley, millet, and maize ( Corn). Edible grains from other plant families, ...

sugar Sugar is the generic name for sweet-tasting, soluble carbohydrates, many of which are used in food. Simple sugars, also called monosaccharides, include glucose Glucose is a sugar with the Chemical formula#Molecular formula, molecul ...

petroleum Petroleum, also known as crude oil or simply oil, is a naturally occurring, yellowish-black liquid chemical mixture found in geological formations, consisting mainly of hydrocarbons. The term ''petroleum'' refers both to naturally occurring un ...

products, and other types of cargo. Montreal is also a port for

cruise ship Cruise ships are large passenger ships used mainly for vacationing. Unlike ocean liners, which are used for transport, cruise ships typically embark on round-trip voyages to various ports of call, where passengers may go on Tourism, tours k ...

s. The port is operated by the Montreal Port Authority. As of 2024 it is estimated the port's activities support an estimated 600,000 jobs directly and indirectly across Montreal and Quebec.

History

The port originated in the historic area now known as the

Old Port of Montreal The Old Port of Montreal () is the historic port of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Located adjacent to Old Montreal, it stretches for over along the Saint Lawrence River. It was used as early as 1611, when French fur traders used it as a trading post. ...

. Over the years, the Port of Montreal expanded eastward along the waterfront. In 1978, the Port of Montreal ceded the area now known as the Old Port to the

Old Port of Montreal Corporation Canada Lands Company Limited () is a self-financing federal Crown corporation reporting to the Parliament of Canada through Public Services and Procurement Canada. The company is responsible for managing property on behalf of the federal govern ...

, a public corporation responsible for developing tourism and recreational activities in the area. The site is a tourist attraction, featuring museums, restaurants, shops and water-related activities. Most Port of Montreal facilities are located downstream from the Old Port. The Montreal Port Authority's head office and the multipurpose Bickerdike Terminal are located upstream from the Old Port. Edifice des Commissaires 05

Timeline

Starting from the first authority: * 1830: The first Harbour Commission is created. It built the first permanent

wharves A wharf ( or wharfs), quay ( , also ), staith, or staithe is a structure on the shore of a harbour or on the bank of a river or canal where ships may dock to load and unload cargo or passengers. Such a structure includes one or more berths ( ...

and pressed the government to

dredge Dredging is the excavation of material from a water environment. Possible reasons for dredging include improving existing water features; reshaping land and water features to alter drainage, navigability, and commercial use; constructing ...

the river. * 1830–1832: of

docks The word dock () in American English refers to one or a group of human-made structures that are involved in the handling of boats or ships (usually on or near a shore). In British English, the term is not used the same way as in American Engli ...

are built. * 1840: The Gold-Headed Cane tradition begins, giving a cane to the captain of the first vessel to reach the port in the year. * 1854: The navigation channel between

Quebec City Quebec City is the capital city of the Provinces and territories of Canada, Canadian province of Quebec. As of July 2021, the city had a population of 549,459, and the Census Metropolitan Area (including surrounding communities) had a populati ...

and Montreal is deepened to and widened to . * 1872: Archives for May 28 note that "there were 70 vessels—21 of them ocean-going steamships—docked at different berths, representing a total of ." * 1883: Channel is

dredged Dredging is the excavation of material from a water environment. Possible reasons for dredging include improving existing water features; reshaping land and water features to alter drainage, navigability, and commercial use; constructing dams ...

to . * 1902: Start of construction of modern

grain elevator A grain elevator or grain terminal is a facility designed to stockpile or store grain. In the grain trade, the term "grain elevator" also describes a tower containing a bucket elevator or a pneumatic conveyor, which scoops up grain from a lowe ...

s in the port. * 1908: First permanent

transit shed A goods shed is a railway building designed for storing goods before, after, and during loading to and unloading from a train. A typical goods shed will have a track running through it to allow goods wagons to be unloaded under cover, althou ...

s constructed. * 1910: Project to deepen the channel to began. * 1936: The federal government creates the

National Harbours Board The National Harbours Board was an agency of the Government of Canada, reporting to Parliament through the Minister of Transport (Canada), Minister of Transport. It was in operation from 1936 to 1983. History The idea of a system of national ports ...

. * 1947: More than 25 steamship lines serve the port for seven and a half months of the year. * 1962: The federal government decides to use

icebreaker An icebreaker is a special-purpose ship or boat designed to move and navigate through ice-covered waters, and provide safe waterways for other boats and ships. Although the term usually refers to ice-breaking ships, it may also refer to smaller ...

s to keep the channel open between Montreal and Quebec City during winter. * 1964: Year-round navigation begins in Montreal. In 1962, the

Canadian Coast Guard The Canadian Coast Guard (CCG; ) is the coast guard of Canada. Formed in 1962, the coast guard is tasked with marine search and rescue (SAR), communication, navigation, and transportation issues in Canadian waters, such as navigation aids and i ...

began to use icebreakers to keep the St. Lawrence navigation channel open, first and foremost as an environmental measure designed to protect riverside communities from spring floods caused by ice jams. Year-round navigation to and from the port began in 1964. * 1967: The port handles its first container. * 1968: Canada's first

container terminal A container port, container terminal, or intermodal terminal is a facility where cargo containers are transshipped between different transport vehicles, for onward transportation. The transshipment may be between container ships and land v ...

is inaugurated in Montreal. * 1972: Construction begins on Cast container terminal. * 1977: The port handles its one-millionth TEU container. * 1978: The port builds Racine container terminal and expands its operations in Montreal's east end. * 1983: The Montreal Port Corporation is established. * 1987: Maisonneuve container terminal (Termont) opens. * 1992: Maximum draught is increased to . * 1996: Three brand-new vessels, capable of carrying 2,300 TEU containers each, are christened in Montreal. * 1998: Two shipping lines take delivery of three ships capable of transporting 2,800 TEU containers or the equivalent. * 1999: Under the Canada Marine Act, the Montreal Port Corporation becomes the more autonomous Montreal Port Authority. * 2000: The Port of Montreal handles more than 1 million TEU containers a year for the first time in its history. * 2006: The port reaches a new milestone by handling more than 25 million tonnes of cargo. * 2008: Electronic navigation system is implemented from Montreal to the mouth of the Gulf of St. Lawrence. * 2011: The port opens a new common entry portal for trucks, transfers the management of its grain terminal operations to Viterra Inc., and reaches a new milestone by handling more than 28 million tonnes of cargo. * 2018: The Port of Montreal inaugurates the Grand Quay, the renovated terminal for cruise ships. * 2020: A series of labour disputes shut down the Port as part of the

2020 Port of Montreal strike The 2020 Port of Montreal strike began at 7:00 AM on August 10, 2020, after Local 375 of the Canadian Union of Public Employees (Syndicat des débardeurs du Port de Montréal) walked off the jobsite. The local had previously voted for an indefin ...

. * 2023: the Port of Montreal Tower is officially inaugurated.

Economy

Maritime and port activity in Montreal supports some 18,280 jobs and provides $1.5 billion in economic benefits to the Canadian economy (Secor study, 2008). The Province of

Québec Quebec is Canada's largest province by area. Located in Central Canada, the province shares borders with the provinces of Ontario to the west, Newfoundland and Labrador to the northeast, New Brunswick to the southeast and a coastal border ...

announced in May 2013 the signature of a collaborative framework with the City of Montreal for the extension of a thoroughfare that was designed to link with port facilities. The province also announced the construction of an exit ramp from a major highway to allow trucks to directly reach the port, and the reconfiguration of an entrance ramp on the same highway to provide trucks leaving the port with direct access to the highway network. The two projects were designed to improve truck access at the Port of Montreal. The Canada Infrastructure Bank announced $300 million in support of the Port of Montreal expansion project in Contrecoeur in 2018, and the Quebec government announced $55 million in financial assistance in 2021 and an additional $75 million in 2023. The Port of Montreal was behind the creation of the Logistics and Transportation Metropolitan Cluster of Montreal, or Cargo Montreal, an initiative to help consolidate Montreal as a centre for goods transportation. The project is supported by the Metropolitan Community and its activities are financially supported by Québec's Finance and Economy Ministry, Executive Council Ministry, the Montreal Metropolitan Community and all Cargo Montreal members, while

Transport Canada Transport Canada () is the Ministry (government department), department within the Government of Canada responsible for developing regulations, Policy, policies and Public services, services of road, rail, marine and air Transport in Canada, tra ...

is a participant.

Markets

Export areas

The port serves a variety of North America markets. In 2024, 46% of the port's cargo traffic was destined for exportation, coming mainly from Québec (53%),

(29%) and

Western Canada Western Canada, also referred to as the Western provinces, Canadian West, or Western provinces of Canada, and commonly known within Canada as the West, is a list of regions of Canada, Canadian region that includes the four western provinces and t ...

(10%). The other 8% of containerized cargo traffic was destined for or came from the United States, mainly the Midwest. The port has appointed representatives in the U.S., Europe and Asia to promote its advantages in those markets.

Import areas

In 2024,

Northern Europe The northern region of Europe has several definitions. A restrictive definition may describe northern Europe as being roughly north of the southern coast of the Baltic Sea, which is about 54th parallel north, 54°N, or may be based on other ge ...

was the point of origin or final destination for 36% of the cargo moving through the port, followed by

Asia Asia ( , ) is the largest continent in the world by both land area and population. It covers an area of more than 44 million square kilometres, about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8% of Earth's total surface area. The continent, which ...

(25%), the Mediterranean (22%), the

Middle East The Middle East (term originally coined in English language) is a geopolitical region encompassing the Arabian Peninsula, the Levant, Turkey, Egypt, Iran, and Iraq. The term came into widespread usage by the United Kingdom and western Eur ...

(8%),

Latin America Latin America is the cultural region of the Americas where Romance languages are predominantly spoken, primarily Spanish language, Spanish and Portuguese language, Portuguese. Latin America is defined according to cultural identity, not geogr ...

(5%) and

Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent after Asia. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 20% of Earth's land area and 6% of its total surfac ...

Oceania Oceania ( , ) is a region, geographical region including Australasia, Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia. Outside of the English-speaking world, Oceania is generally considered a continent, while Mainland Australia is regarded as its co ...

(4%). The port continues to benefit from traffic moving through the

Suez Canal The Suez Canal (; , ') is an artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt, Indo-Mediterranean, connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea through the Isthmus of Suez and dividing Africa and Asia (and by extension, the Sinai Peninsula from the rest ...

and the

Panama Canal The Panama Canal () is an artificial waterway in Panama that connects the Caribbean Sea with the Pacific Ocean. It cuts across the narrowest point of the Isthmus of Panama, and is a Channel (geography), conduit for maritime trade between th ...

thanks to the direct services that shipping lines provide between Montreal and transhipment ports in the

Mediterranean The Mediterranean Sea ( ) is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the east by the Levant in West Asia, on the north by Anatolia in West Asia and Southern ...

and the

Caribbean The Caribbean ( , ; ; ; ) is a region in the middle of the Americas centered around the Caribbean Sea in the Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic Ocean, mostly overlapping with the West Indies. Bordered by North America to the north, Central America ...

Port territory

On the island of Montreal, port territory stretches along of the waterfront from the Victoria Bridge at the upstream end of the port to

Pointe-aux-Trembles Pointe-aux-Trembles () was a municipality, founded in 1674, that was annexed by Montreal, Quebec, Canada, in 1982. This was the last city to be merged into Montreal until the 2002 municipal reorganization. On January 1, 2002 this neighbourhood ...

at the downstream end of the port. The port also has a terminal at

Contrecoeur Contrecœur () is a city in southwestern Quebec, Canada on the south shore of the St. Lawrence River. The population as of the Canada 2021 Census was 9,480. Contrecœur is approximately northeast of Montreal and is accessible via Autoroute 30, ...

, on the south shore of the

about downstream from Montreal. The port owns land along of the waterfront at Contrecoeur. This land was intended to be used to increase the port's container-handling capacity once its land on the island of Montreal reached full capacity.

Environment

The Port of Montreal is a founding member of Green Marine, a voluntary environmental program for the maritime industry in Canada and the United States. Green Marine addresses environmental issues such as greenhouse gases, cargo residues, conflict of use (noise, dust, odours, luminous pollution), water and

soil pollution Soil contamination, soil pollution, or land pollution as a part of land degradation is caused by the presence of xenobiotic (human-made) chemicals or other alteration in the natural soil environment. It is typically caused by industrial activit ...

prevention, and environmental leadership. In Green Marine's most recent progress report, on a scale of 1 to 5, where Level 5 corresponds to the highest performance rating possible, the Port of Montreal scored Level 4 for efforts to reduce Air emissions and greenhouse gases, and Level 5 for Community impacts, Community relations, Environmental leadership, Spill prevention and stormwater management, and Waste management. The Montreal Port Authority manages the Boucherville Islands Archipelago, which is located at the downstream end of the port. The port authority is completing work to provide fish with spawning areas at several islands of the archipelago as part of an agreement with the

Fisheries and Oceans Canada Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO; ) is a department of the Government of Canada that is responsible for developing and implementing policies and programs in support of Canada's economic, ecological and scientific interests in oceans and inland ...

Fish Habitat Management Branch. The Coastal Fisheries Protection Act calls for the creation or improvement of habitant banks as compensation for the impact of development projects, such as the development of berths, on the environment.

Port infrastructure and characteristics

The Port of Montreal and the shipping channel between Montreal and Quebec City has a draft depth of and is capable of handling neopanamax container ships of up to 6,700 TEUs.

Terminals

Container

Container ships are completely unloaded and loaded. Container shipping lines calling the port include

CMA CGM The Compagnie maritime d'affrètement - Compagnie générale maritime or CMA CGM is a French shipping and logistics company founded in 1978 by Jacques Saadé. The name is an acronym of two predecessor companies, Compagnie Maritime d'Affrètemen ...

Hapag-Lloyd Hapag-Lloyd AG is a German international shipping and container transportation company, the 5th biggest in the world. It was formed in 1970 through a merger of Hamburg-American Line (HAPAG) and Norddeutscher Lloyd. History The company was forme ...

Maersk Line Maersk Line is a Danish international container shipping company and the largest operating subsidiary of Maersk, a Danish business conglomerate. Founded in 1928, it is the world's second largest container shipping company by both fleet size ...

Mediterranean Shipping Company Mediterranean Shipping Company S.A., branded as MSC, is an international shipping line founded by Gianluigi Aponte in Italy in 1970. The company is owned by the Aponte family with its headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland, since 1978. It is the ...

and

OOCL Orient Overseas Container Line, commonly known as OOCL, is a container shipping and logistics service company with headquarters in Hong Kong. The company is incorporated in Hong Kong as Orient Overseas Container Line Limited and separately inc ...

. The port has five international container terminals. Montreal Gateway Terminals Partnership operates two of the terminals and Termont Montreal Inc. operates the others. QSL operates a terminal that handles domestic containers. These facilities cover an area of approximately 90 hectares (36 acres) and have 15 dockside gantry cranes with lifting capacities ranging from 40 to 65 tonnes, yard gantry cranes and other container-handling equipment.

Grain

The port signed an agreement in 2011 with Viterra Inc., to lease and operate the port's grain terminal. Total grain traffic through the port reached 4,6 million tonnes in 2024. The grain terminal is a combined loading and unloading facility that has a total storage capacity of 260,000 tonnes.

Dry bulk (other than grain)

Iron ore Iron ores are rocks and minerals from which metallic iron can be economically extracted. The ores are usually rich in iron oxides and vary in color from dark grey, bright yellow, or deep purple to rusty red. The iron is usually found in the f ...

salt In common usage, salt is a mineral composed primarily of sodium chloride (NaCl). When used in food, especially in granulated form, it is more formally called table salt. In the form of a natural crystalline mineral, salt is also known as r ...

fertilizer A fertilizer or fertiliser is any material of natural or synthetic origin that is applied to soil or to plant tissues to supply plant nutrients. Fertilizers may be distinct from liming materials or other non-nutrient soil amendments. Man ...

copper ore Copper is a chemical element; it has symbol Cu (from Latin ) and atomic number 29. It is a soft, malleable, and ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. A freshly exposed surface of pure copper has a pinkish-orang ...

, raw

and

gypsum Gypsum is a soft sulfate mineral composed of calcium sulfate Hydrate, dihydrate, with the chemical formula . It is widely mined and is used as a fertilizer and as the main constituent in many forms of plaster, drywall and blackboard or sidewalk ...

are among the major commodities handled. Logistec operates the port's dry bulk facilities.

Liquid bulk

Six petroleum companies: Canterm Canadian Terminals Inc.,

Shell Canada Shell Canada Limited () is the principal Canadian subsidiary of British energy major Shell plc and one of Canada's largest integrated oil companies. Exploration and production of oil, natural gas and sulphur is a major part of its business, as ...

Products,

Suncor Energy Suncor Energy Inc. () is a Canada, Canadian integrated energy company based in Calgary, Alberta. It specializes in production of synthetic crude from oil sands. In the 2020 Forbes Global 2000, Suncor Energy was ranked as the 48th-largest public ...

, Terminal Montréal Est, Terminal Norcan Inc. and

Ultramar Ultramar is an Eastern Canada, Eastern Canadian gas and home fuel retailer, with its head office located in Montreal, Quebec. Ultramar operates gas stations and home fuel delivery in Ontario, Quebec, and Atlantic Canada. History British oil co ...

Ltd. handle petroleum products at port facilities. Two companies Vopak Terminals Canada Inc. and Lallemand Inc. move other liquid bulk products.

Passenger cruise and leisure

The port authority directly operates a cruise passenger terminal, the Port of Montreal's Grand Quay. The port reported servicing 65,136 passengers and crew members in 2024.

Transportation

The port authority provides facilities to shipping lines and land carriers, to terminal operators and to

freight transport Freight transport, also referred to as freight forwarding, is the physical process of transporting commodities and merchandise goods and cargo. The term shipping originally referred to transport by sea but in American English, it has been exte ...

. It builds and maintains infrastructures that it leases to private stevedoring companies. The port also has its own railway network, which includes more than of track with direct access to almost every berth and further provides transcontinental railways through signed agreements with Canadian National Railway Co. (CN) and

CPKC Canadian Pacific Kansas City Limited, doing business as CPKC (known as Canadian Pacific Railway Limited until 2023), is a Canadian railway holding company. Through its primary operating railroad subsidiaries, Canadian Pacific Railway (CP) and ...

to improve supply chain efficiency for container traffic throughout North America.

Management

The Montreal Port Authority operates the Port of Montreal and is a member of: the Association of Canadian Port Authorities (CPA), the

American Association of Port Authorities The American Association of Port Authorities (AAPA) is a Industry trade group, trade association founded in 1912 that represents 150 port authority, port authorities in the Western Hemisphere, including the United States, Canada, the Caribbean, an ...

, and the

International Association of Ports and Harbors The International Association of Ports and Harbors ( IAPH) is the global trade association for seaports worldwide. It is headquartered in Tokyo, Japan. Formed in 1955, it is now recognised as the NGO representing ports worldwide. With over 200 po ...

(IAPH). The port authority is an autonomous self-financing federal agency created under the terms of the

Canada Marine Act The ''Canada Marine Act'' (CMA; ) was passed in 1998 under the stewardship of David Collenette, who was Canada's Minister of Transport at that time. It was intended to modernize Canada's most important ports and make "the system of Canadian p ...

. The port authority's board of directors is composed of seven business people from the Montreal area. Each of three levels of government – federal, provincial and municipal – names a director. The federal transport minister, on the recommendation of port users, names the remaining four directors. The board elects its own chairman. As of 2024, the Port Authority had 272 employees, total revenue from operations was $143 million and its net earnings totalled $22.6 million.

Smuggling

At the beginning of the 21rst century, the port of Montreal was dominated by the

West End Gang The West End Gang () is a Canadian organized crime group in Montreal, Quebec. An Irish mob group originating from the Irish-Canadian ethnic enclave of Pointe-Saint-Charles in the 1950s, the majority of the gang's earnings were initially derived ...

, which used it for drug smuggling. Over a 8 month period in 2000, the West End Gang smuggled in 260 kilograms of cocaine via the Port of Montreal. In 2001, the Liberal Senator Colin Kenny said of his visit to the port of Montreal that it reminded him of the 1954 film ''On The Waterfront''. Kenny told the journalists

Julian Sher Julian Sher is a Canadian investigative journalist, filmmaker, author and newsroom trainer based in Montreal, Quebec. He was an investigative producer for ten years then a senior producer for five years with the CBC's '' The Fifth Estate''. He has ...

and William Marsden: "We were looking at each other, wondering when Karl Malden was going to appear. It shocked the hell out of us". In 1997, the government of Jean Chretien disbanded the Canada Ports Police, which traditionally policed the waterfront and replaced the Ports Police with private security guards. Kenny and his Senate committee stated the unarmed and poorly paid private security guards who have no power of arrest were hapless in the face of the West End Gang. Kenny's committee discovered that 15% of the stevedores, 36% of the checkers and 56% of the garbagemen working at the port of Montreal had criminal records.

International seaports agreements

* –

Port of Antwerp The port of Antwerp is the port of the city of Antwerp, Belgium. It is located in Flanders, mainly in the province of Antwerp, but also partially in East Flanders. It is a seaport in the heart of Europe accessible to capesize ships. It is Eu ...

, Belgium (2021) * – Port of Marseille-Fos, France (2020) * –

Port of Tianjin The Port of Tianjin (''Tianjin Gang'', zh, s=天津港, p=tiānjīn gǎng}), formerly known as the Port of Tanggu, is the largest port in Northern China and the main maritime gateway to Beijing. The name "Tianjin Xingang" ( zh, s=天津新港, ...

, China * –

Mundra Port Mundra Port is India's first private port, largest Containerization, container List of ports in India, port in India and largest commercial port, located on the northern shores of the Gulf of Kutch near Mundra, Kutch district, Gujarat. Formerly ...

Gujarat State Gujarat () is a state along the western coast of India. Its coastline of about is the longest in the country, most of which lies on the Kathiawar peninsula. Gujarat is the fifth-largest Indian state by area, covering some ; and the ninth- ...

, India (2018) ''Memorandum of Understanding (MOU)''

Books

References

External links

* {{Authority control Buildings and structures in Montreal Ports and harbours of Quebec River ports of Canada Saint Lawrence Seaway Transport in Montreal