The Port of Haydarpaşa, also known as the Port of Haidar Pasha () or the Port of Istanbul, is a general cargo

seaport A port is a maritime facility comprising one or more wharves or loading areas, where ships load and discharge cargo and passengers. Although usually situated on a sea coast or estuary, ports can also be found far inland, such as Hamburg, Manc ...

, ro-ro and

container terminal A container port, container terminal, or intermodal terminal is a facility where cargo containers are transshipped between different transport vehicles, for onward transportation. The transshipment may be between container ships and land v ...

, situated in Haydarpaşa,

Istanbul Istanbul is the List of largest cities and towns in Turkey, largest city in Turkey, constituting the country's economic, cultural, and historical heart. With Demographics of Istanbul, a population over , it is home to 18% of the Demographics ...

Turkey Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north; Georgia (country), Georgia, Armen ...

at the southern entrance to the

Bosphorus The Bosporus or Bosphorus Strait ( ; , colloquially ) is a natural strait and an internationally significant waterway located in Istanbul, Turkey. The Bosporus connects the Black Sea to the Sea of Marmara and forms one of the continental bo ...

, near Haydarpaşa Station. It is operated by the

Turkish State Railways The State Railways of the Republic of Turkey (), abbreviated as TCDD, is a government-owned national railway company responsible for the ownership and maintenance of railways in Turkey, as well as the planning and construction of new lines. TCDD ...

(TCDD) and serves a

hinterland Hinterland is a German word meaning the 'land behind' a city, a port, or similar. Its use in English was first documented by the geographer George Chisholm in his ''Handbook of Commercial Geography'' (1888). Originally the term was associated wi ...

which includes the country's most industrialised areas. It is the largest port in Istanbul, and the second-largest in the Marmara Region, after Ambarlı. With an annual cargo volume exceeding six million

metric tons The tonne ( or ; symbol: t) is a unit of mass equal to 1,000 kilograms. It is a non-SI unit accepted for use with SI. It is also referred to as a metric ton in the United States to distinguish it from the non-metric units of the sh ...

(MT), it is

's fourth-biggest port after

Mersin Mersin () is a large city and port on the Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean coast of Mediterranean Region, Turkey, southern Turkey. It is the provincial capital of the Mersin Province (formerly İçel). It is made up of four district governorates ...

, ,

and Izmir.

History

The

Anatolian Railway The Chemins de Fer Ottomans d'Anatolie (, ), founded on 4 October 1888, was a railway company that operated in the Ottoman Empire.Turkish Republic purchased it on May 24, 1924. On May 31, 1927, the port's administration was handed over to the Turkish State Railways (TCDD). On February 5, 1953, an extension for the Port of Haydarpaşa was started. The first part was completed in 1954 and the remainder in 1967.

Port facilities

The Port has 21 berths alongside two large

pier A pier is a raised structure that rises above a body of water and usually juts out from its shore, typically supported by piling, piles or column, pillars, and provides above-water access to offshore areas. Frequent pier uses include fishing, b ...

s. The berths are specialized for particular port industries, with one for motor boat servicing at 150 m in length, two for dry bulk cargo (430 m long), 8 large-size berths for general cargo (between 160 and 334 m), 3 mid-size general cargo berths (between 50 and 97 m), two ro-ro terminals (141 and 164 m) and, finally, 5 container terminals (between 295 and 350 m). The depth of water at the

quay A wharf ( or wharfs), quay ( , also ), staith, or staithe is a structure on the shore of a harbour or on the bank of a river or canal where ships may dock to load and unload cargo or passengers. Such a structure includes one or more Berth (mo ...

s varies between 5 and 10 m. The vessels in the port are protected by two breakwaters from all kinds of effects caused by the weather and sea. Sea crafts of the port comprise 3

tugboat A tugboat or tug is a marine vessel that manoeuvres other vessels by pushing or pulling them, with direct contact or a tow line. These boats typically tug ships in circumstances where they cannot or should not move under their own power, suc ...

s up to 2500 HP and 2 mooring watercraft.

Container terminal

Total

container A container is any receptacle or enclosure for holding a product used in storage, packaging, and transportation, including shipping. Things kept inside of a container are protected on several sides by being inside of its structure. The term ...

handling capacity of the five container terminals is 1,700 vessels a year. Operations are carried out by 4 quayside

gantry crane A gantry crane is a Crane (machine), crane built atop a wikt:gantry, gantry, which is a structure used to straddle an object or workspace. They can range from enormous "full" gantry cranes, capable of lifting some of the heaviest loads in the wor ...

s of 40 tons' capacity, 18 rubber-tired gantry cranes (40 tons' capacity), 9 reach stackers (25 to 42 tons) and 8 empty container

forklift A forklift (also called industrial truck, lift truck, jitney, hi-lo, fork truck, fork hoist, and forklift truck) is a powered industrial truck used to lift and move materials over short distances. The forklift was developed in the early 20th c ...

s (8 to 10 tons). Nine shore and yard cranes (3 to 35 tons), 6 mobile cranes (5 to 25 tons), 8 standard and 30 small-masted forklifts are also available. Another facility available at the terminal is the provision of reefer facilities for refrigerated containers. The space for container terminal is nearly 100.000 m² with a holding capacity of . The annual handling capacity of the Port is . A container freight station of 3,600 m² is available behind the container quay. In addition to the open storage area of 313,000 m² and covered area of 21,000 m², there exists a container land terminal outside the port in Göztepe for stacking the empty containers. It covers an area of 55,000 m² with a holding capacity of TEU. Container loading and unloading, and custom clearance are made in the terminal at the port.

Ro-ro terminal

The ro-ro terminal can accommodate 360 vessels per year, and handle 410,000 tons of cargo, 65,000 trucks and 60,000 cars a year. There is a bi-weekly

ro-pax Roll-on/roll-off (RORO or ro-ro) ships are cargo ships designed to carry wheeled cargo, such as cars, motorcycles, trucks, semi-trailer trucks, buses, Trailer (vehicle), trailers, and railroad cars, that are driven on and off the ship on their ...

cargo and passenger ferry service between the ports Haydarpaşa and Chornomorsk,

Ukraine Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the List of European countries by area, second-largest country in Europe after Russia, which Russia–Ukraine border, borders it to the east and northeast. Ukraine also borders Belarus to the nor ...

General cargo handling equipment

At the port, 1,134 general cargo ships can be serviced a year. The floating crafts comprise one floating crane of 250 tons' capacity, 17 shore and yard cranes (3 to 35 tons), 17 mobile cranes (5 to 25 tons), 67 general cargo forklifts (2 to 5 tons), one loader, 6

tractors A tractor is an engineering vehicle specifically designed to deliver a high tractive effort (or torque) at slow speeds, for the purposes of hauling a Trailer (vehicle), trailer or machinery such as that used in agriculture, mining or constructio ...

, 25 trailers (40 tons), 10 trailers (20 tons) and two weigh-bridges of 100 tons' capacity.

Bulk handling facilities

Two berths serve the dry bulk traffic of up to 79 vessels a year. A

grain silo A silo () is a structure for storing Bulk material handling, bulk materials. Silos are commonly used for bulk storage of grain, coal, cement, carbon black, woodchips, food products and sawdust. Three types of silos are in widespread use toda ...

of 34,000 tons' capacity belonging to the Turkish Grain Board (TMO) is available and has a conveyor connection with the quay.

Rail ferry terminal

The

rail ferry A train ferry is a ship (ferry) designed to carry railway vehicles, as well as their cargoes and passengers. Typically, one level of the ship is fitted with railway tracks, and the vessel has a door at the front and/or rear to give access to t ...

terminal and ferries are operated between Sirkeci and Haydarpaşa, the two sides of Bosphorus. Each of the three rail ferries with 480 tons capacity can transfer 14 rail carriages.

Port navigation

Pilotage Piloting or pilotage is the process of navigating on water or in the air using fixed points of reference on the sea or on land, usually with reference to a nautical chart or aeronautical chart to obtain a fix of the position of the vessel or air ...

is compulsory for berthing, unberthing and anchoring, a service provided round the clock by the Turkish Maritime Administration (TDİ). Pilots meet vessels west of a line passing through the light on the breakwater of Kumkapı Fishing Boat Harbour on the European side of

Sea of Marmara The Sea of Marmara, also known as the Sea of Marmora or the Marmara Sea, is a small inland sea entirely within the borders of Turkey. It links the Black Sea and the Aegean Sea via the Bosporus and Dardanelles straits, separating Turkey's E ...

. Towage is not necessary for vessels up to 1500 gt. A mooring boat is compulsory and arranged by pilot. The service is provided by the Port Authority round the clock.

Future project

The port and its surroundings have been the subject of plans for redevelopment since around 2006 but in 2022 it was still operating as a city-centre container port.

References

External links

{{DEFAULTSORT:Haydarpasa Buildings and structures in Istanbul

Port A port is a maritime facility comprising one or more wharves or loading areas, where ships load and discharge cargo and passengers. Although usually situated on a sea coast or estuary, ports can also be found far inland, such as Hamburg, Manch ...

Ports and harbours of the Sea of Marmara 1899 establishments in the Ottoman Empire Container terminals Transport in Kadıköy Transport in Istanbul