Polis (or Polis Chrysochous; or Πόλις Χρυσοχούς, ) is a town at the north-west end of the island of

Cyprus Cyprus (), officially the Republic of Cyprus, is an island country in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Situated in West Asia, its cultural identity and geopolitical orientation are overwhelmingly Southeast European. Cyprus is the List of isl ...

, at the centre of Chrysochous Bay, and on the edge of the

Akamas Akamas (Greek: , ), is a promontory and cape at the northwest extremity of Cyprus with an area of 230 square kilometres. Ptolemy described it as a thickly wooded headland, divided into two by summits (a mountain range) rising towards the north. ...

peninsula nature reserve. Polis is served by the fishing port of Latchi.

History

From the Ottoman period onwards, Polis became a mixed town, having sizeable Greek Cypriot and

Turkish Cypriot Turkish Cypriots or Cypriot Turks ( or ; ) are so called ethnic Turks originating from Cyprus. Turkish Cypriots are mainly Sunni Muslims. Following the Ottoman conquest of the island in 1571, about 30,000 Turkish settlers were given land onc ...

communities. The 1831 census, which recorded only males, showed a total male population of 150 with a Turkish Cypriot majority. By the turn of the century, the Greek Cypriots had become the majority, with the 1891 census showing a population of 476 (258 Greek Cypriots, 218 Turkish Cypriots). During the intercommunal violence of 1963–64, all Turkish Cypriots of Polis and the nearby village of Prodromi took place in the town's Turkish secondary school. 714 Turkish Cypriots lived in overcrowded conditions in a strip of land with the area of "a few hundred squared yards" until 1974. This

enclave An enclave is a territory that is entirely surrounded by the territory of only one other state or entity. An enclave can be an independent territory or part of a larger one. Enclaves may also exist within territorial waters. ''Enclave'' is so ...

was controlled by fighters from the

Turkish Resistance Organisation The Turkish Resistance Organisation (, TMT) was a Turkish Cypriot pro- taksim paramilitary resistance organisation formed by Rauf Denktaş and TAF officer Rıza Vuruşkan in 1958 as an guerilla organisation to counter the Greek Cypriot figh ...

(TMT). During the conflict in 1974, the quarter was attacked by Greek Cypriot militia, after which the Turkish Cypriot fighters fled. Following the August 1974 ceasefire, some Turkish Cypriots of the village escaped to the north via the mountains. The rest were evacuated in 1975. Some displaced Greek Cypriots from the north were then resettled in Poli.

Facilities

The Baths of Aphrodite and the recently discovered ruins of the medieval Georgian Orthodox monastery of Gialia are located near the town. Nowadays, Polis is the administrative centre of the area which includes 23 communities. The larger communities include the villages of Prodromi, Latchi, and Neo Chorio to the West, and Argaka and Gialia to the East. Facilities include a campsite on the beach, several small hotels, at least one of each type of shop, one branch of each major Cypriot bank, and many bars and restaurants mainly clustered around the town square and the pedestrianised streets to the south. A small bus station acts as the hub of a network of infrequent bus routes connecting the outer villages as well as the near hourly 645 route to Paphos. Facilities further afield include boat hire and boat trips from Latchi harbour, nature trails and walks from Baths of Aphrodite, and surfing and windboarding at Argaka. An almost unbroken chain of beaches runs from Aphrodite in the west to Gialia in the east and range from busy tourist ones equipped with sunbeds and cafes to more remotes ones only accessible by boat or 4WD vehicle. The Municipality puts on cultural events including traditional dances and music outside the town hall during the summer months and arranges other fetes and festivals throughout the year. Polis hidden beach

Name

The village where the town gets its full name from, Chrysochou, is located about inland to the south and the bay the whole region is located on is called Chrysochou bay. The Greek word "Polis" simply means city or

city-state A city-state is an independent sovereign city which serves as the center of political, economic, and cultural life over its contiguous territory. They have existed in many parts of the world throughout history, including cities such as Rome, ...

, so the town's full name, Polis Chrysochou, is derived from it being the administrative centre for the region. Chrysochou in turn derives its name from the Greek word "Chryso" meaning

gold Gold is a chemical element; it has chemical symbol Au (from Latin ) and atomic number 79. In its pure form, it is a brightness, bright, slightly orange-yellow, dense, soft, malleable, and ductile metal. Chemically, gold is a transition metal ...

, likely intended to mean prosperity in relation to the nearby copper mines as no source or record of gold is known in the vicinity.

Climate

References

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External links