Planty Park is a

city park An urban park or metropolitan park, also known as a city park, municipal park (North America), public park, public open space, or municipal gardens ( UK), is a park or botanical garden in cities, densely populated suburbia and other incorporate ...

Białystok Białystok is the largest city in northeastern Poland and the capital of the Podlaskie Voivodeship. It is the List of cities and towns in Poland, tenth-largest city in Poland, second in terms of population density, and thirteenth in area. Biał ...

, capital of

Podlaskie Voivodeship Podlaskie Voivodeship ( ) is a Voivodeships of Poland, voivodeship in northeastern Poland. The name of the voivodeship refers to the historical region of Podlachia (in Polish, ''Podlasie''), and significant part of its territory corresponds to th ...

, with an area of 14.94 ha. It connects the Constitution of 3 May Park with the Poniatowski Park.

History

In the 18th century, the area of the present Planty was occupied by the Branicki Fallow deer. In 1837 it was handed over to the Institute of Noble Maidens based in the palace. Until the end of the 19th century, orchards and meadows were located there, from which hay was obtained for the needs of the horse tram depot. The area became increasingly neglected over time, and after 1919, when Białystok became part of independent Poland it was left without a farmer or care. Initially, the park was fenced with a wooden fence, and in the years 1908-1910 with a metal fence with three decorative gates, designed by Engineer Kołuby. This fence lasted until 1934. During the great economic crisis in 1932, on the initiative of the

voivode Voivode ( ), also spelled voivod, voievod or voevod and also known as vaivode ( ), voivoda, vojvoda, vaivada or wojewoda, is a title denoting a military leader or warlord in Central, Southeastern and Eastern Europe in use since the Early Mid ...

of Białystok Voivodeship, Marian Zyndram-Kościołkowski who donated 28 hectares of state-owned land to the city, the design of a city park called Planty was started. This area is located between the present streets: Mickiewicza, Świętojańska, Akademicka and Legionowa. The author and implementer of the project was Stanisław Grall who from 1934 head of the Municipal Plantations department, with whom Józef Blicharski then collaborated on their establishment. In line with the modernist design, pedestrian alleys began to be created rapidly in 1934. It has a rich and varied green cover, separated by an irregular network of roads and alleys. One of the two fountains provided in the contract between the city and the waterworks and a restaurant pavilion were built in the park. In the eastern part of the park, there is a rose with a regular layout of quarters, arranged on 4 levels. On the lowest level, a rectangular pool was built, next to which, before 1938, a sculpture of the "Washerwomen" by Stanisław Horno-Popławski was erected in 1945. Within two years, leveling works were carried out, new alleys were marked out, about 600 trees of 34 species were planted, original lanterns and cast-iron benches were installed. In 1951, a monument of gratitude to the

Red Army The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Republic and, from 1922, the Soviet Union. The army was established in January 1918 by a decree of the Council of People ...

was erected on the main axis of the alley, which in 1990 was moved to the Cemetery for Soviet soldiers at Ciołkowskiego Street. In the park there is also a sculpture by Małgorzata Niedzielko, "Kawelin Dog".

Overview

Planty park is a compilation of a geometric French style and a free, natural landscape layout. A wide promenade with floral carpet floors runs through the park. In the center there is a rectangular pool with a fountain. At Mickiewicza Street vis a vis the Tax Chamber and the Female Gymnasium Anna Jabłonowska née Sapieha, a rose garden was created. These are tunnels made of climbing roses, rows of box trees, gates overgrown with plants - places that arouse the admiration of the city residents and visitors. The most valuable trees in the park are: English oaks (

Quercus robur ''Quercus robur'', the pedunculate oak, is a species of flowering plant in the beech and oak family, Fagaceae. It is a large tree, native plant, native to most of Europe and western Asia, and is widely cultivated in other temperate regions. It ...

), hornbeams (

Carpinus betulus Hornbeams are hardwood trees in the plant genus ''Carpinus'' in the family Betulaceae. Its species occur across much of the temperateness, temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Common names The common English name ''hornbeam'' derives ...

), Norway maples (

Acer platanoides ''Acer platanoides'', commonly known as the Norway maple, is a species of maple native to eastern and central Europe and western Asia, from Spain east to Russia, north to southern Scandinavia and southeast to northern Iran. It was introduced to ...

pine A pine is any conifer tree or shrub in the genus ''Pinus'' () of the family Pinaceae. ''Pinus'' is the sole genus in the subfamily Pinoideae. ''World Flora Online'' accepts 134 species-rank taxa (119 species and 15 nothospecies) of pines as cu ...

s, Norway spruces (

Picea abies ''Picea abies'', the Norway spruce or European spruce, is a species of spruce native to Northern Europe, Northern, Central Europe, Central and Eastern Europe. It has branchlets that typically hang downwards, and the largest cones of any spruce, ...

), and warty birches (''

Betula pendula ''Betula pendula'', commonly known as silver birch, warty birch, European white birch, or East Asian white birch, is a species of tree in the family (biology), family Betulaceae, native plant, native to Europe and parts of Asia, though in so ...

''). Elder bushes (

Sambucus ''Sambucus'' is a genus of between 20 and 30 species of flowering plants in the family Adoxaceae. The various species are commonly referred to as elder, with the flowers as elderflower, and the fruit as elderberry. Description Elders are mostl ...

) and

rose hip The rose hip or rosehip, also called rose haw and rose hep, is the accessory fruit of the various species of rose plant. It is typically red to orange, but ranges from dark purple to black in some species. Rose hips begin to form after pollina ...

s (Rosa canina) can be distinguished. In the park there are

common squirrel Common may refer to: As an Irish surname, it is anglicised from Irish Gaelic surname Ó Comáin. Places * Common, a townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland * Boston Common, a central public park in Boston, Massachusetts * Cambridge Common, ...

s (Sciurus vulgaris),

woodpecker Woodpeckers are part of the bird family (biology), family Picidae, which also includes the piculets, wrynecks and sapsuckers. Members of this family are found worldwide, except for Australia, New Guinea, New Zealand, Madagascar and the extreme ...

s (Picidae),

House sparrow The house sparrow (''Passer domesticus'') is a bird of the Old World sparrow, sparrow family Passeridae, found in most parts of the world. It is a small bird that has a typical length of and a mass of . Females and young birds are coloured pa ...

s (Passer domesticus), and

great tit The great tit (''Parus major'') is a small passerine bird in the tit family Paridae. It is a widespread and common species throughout Europe, the Middle East, Central Asia and east across the Palearctic to the Amur River, south to parts of No ...

(Parus major).

External links

References

Citations

Bibliography

* * {{Białystok Geography of Białystok Parks in Podlaskie Voivodeship Tourist attractions in Podlaskie Voivodeship Gardens in Poland