Piva (

Serbian Cyrillic The Serbian Cyrillic alphabet (, ), also known as the Serbian script, (, ), is a standardized variation of the Cyrillic script used to write the Serbian language. It originated in medieval Serbia and was significantly reformed in the 19th cen ...

: Пива, ) is a historical region in

Montenegro , image_flag = Flag of Montenegro.svg , image_coat = Coat of arms of Montenegro.svg , coa_size = 80 , national_motto = , national_anthem = () , image_map = Europe-Mont ...

, which existed as a Montenegrin tribe also known as Pivljani (Пивљани, ). It is situated in the northwestern highlands of Montenegro, bordering

Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina, sometimes known as Bosnia-Herzegovina and informally as Bosnia, is a country in Southeast Europe. Situated on the Balkans, Balkan Peninsula, it borders Serbia to the east, Montenegro to the southeast, and Croatia to th ...

. The Piva River flows through the region. The regional center is the town of Plužine.

History

Ottoman period

Piva was a ''nahiya'' of the

Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empire, was an empire, imperial realm that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Centr ...

, mentioned in the 1476–78 '' defter''. It was earlier mentioned in the '' Chronicle of the Priest of Duklja'' (c. 1300–10) as one of ten counties in the province of Podgorje, and in the St. Stephen Chrysobull of Serbian king

Stefan Milutin Stefan Uroš II Milutin ( sr-Cyrl, Стефан Урош II Милутин, Stefan Uroš II Milutin; 1253 – 29 October 1321), known as Saint King, was the King of Serbia between 1282–1321, a member of the Nemanjić dynasty. He was one ...

(r. 1282–1321). It was part of Sanjak of Herzegovina during Ottoman rule. The

Serbian Orthodox The Serbian Orthodox Church ( sr-Cyrl-Latn, Српска православна црква, Srpska pravoslavna crkva) is one of the autocephalous (ecclesiastically independent) Eastern Orthodox Christian churches. The majority of the populat ...

Piva Monastery has stood in Piva since the 16th century. It has produced four Patriarchs of the Serbian Orthodox Church.

Modern

Under Prince Nicholas I of Montenegro and the

Congress of Berlin At the Congress of Berlin (13 June – 13 July 1878), the major European powers revised the territorial and political terms imposed by the Russian Empire on the Ottoman Empire by the Treaty of San Stefano (March 1878), which had ended the Rus ...

recognition, in 1878 the Piva together with the Serb Herzegovinian tribes of Banjani, Nikšići, Šaranci,

Drobnjaci Drobnjaci ( sr-Cyrl, Дробњаци, ) was a tribe and historical region, Drobnjak, in Old Herzegovina in Montenegro (municipalities from Nikšić to Šavnik, Žabljak and Pljevlja). Its unofficial centre is in Šavnik. The Serb Orthodox ...

and a large number of the Rudinjani formed the Old Herzegovina region of the new Montenegrin state. During the

Second World War World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

, people of the region fought in both the Serbian royalist Chetnik and communist Partisan

resistance movements A resistance movement is an organized group of people that tries to resist or try to overthrow a government or an occupying power, causing disruption and unrest in civil order and stability. Such a movement may seek to achieve its goals through e ...

, which fought against each other. The tribe has since the arrest of

Radovan Karadžić Radovan Karadžić ( sr-Cyrl, Радован Караџић, ; born 19 June 1945) is a Serbs of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bosnian Serb politician who was convicted of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes by the International Criminal ...

, the wartime Bosnian Serb president and member of the neighbourly Drobnjak tribe of Petnjica (from which the Serbian language reformer

Vuk Karadžić Vuk Stefanović Karadžić ( sr-Cyrl, Вук Стефановић Караџић, ; 6 November 1787 (26 October OS)7 February 1864) was a Serbian philologist, anthropologist and linguist. He was one of the most important reformers of the moder ...

also descends), petitioned for Tadić's excommunication from the tribe because of Karadžić's arrest. The arrest is seen as directly bad behavior against the Serbian people and from the Piva against the Drobnjak tribe, who had never before had any problems, and it is because of this Tadić's actions have been condemned.

Notable people

* Bajo Pivljanin (d. 1685), Venetian guerilla leader, born in Piva * Stojan Čupić (1765–1815), Serbian revolutionary, born in Piva *

Arsenije Loma Arsenije Loma ( sr-cyr, Арсеније Лома; 1768–1815) was a Serbian ''voivode'' (military commander) in the First and Second Serbian Uprising of the Serbian Revolution (1804–1817). He was appointed by Karađorđe to command Kačer ...

(1778-1815), one of the leaders of the

First Serbian Uprising The First Serbian Uprising (; sr-Cyrl, Први српски устанак; ) was an uprising of Serbs in Orašac (Aranđelovac), Orašac against the Ottoman Empire from 14 February 1804 to 7 October 1813. The uprising began as a local revolt ...

* Simo and Sćepan Kecojević, soldiers, born in Boričje, Plužine * Radoman Božović, Prime Minister of Serbia 1991–93, born in Šipačno, Plužine *Patriarch Makarije Sokolović *Patriarch Savatije Sokolović * Lazar Sočica, Military commander *Patriarch Gerasim

References

Sources

* * * * * *

External links

Piva online
{{Geographical regions of Montenegro Tribes of Montenegro Plužine Municipality