Phytoene Desaturase (3,4-didehydrolycopene-forming)
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Phytoene desaturase (3,4-didehydrolycopene-forming) (, ''5-step phytoene desaturase'', ''five-step phytoene desaturase'', ''phytoene desaturase (ambiguous)'', ''Al-1'') is an
enzyme An enzyme () is a protein that acts as a biological catalyst by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrate (chemistry), substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different mol ...
with
systematic name A systematic name is a name given in a systematic way to one unique group, organism, object or chemical substance, out of a specific population or collection. Systematic names are usually part of a nomenclature. A semisystematic name or semitrivi ...
''15-cis-phytoene:acceptor oxidoreductase (3,4-didehydrolycopene-forming)''. This enzyme catalyses the following
chemical reaction A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the chemistry, chemical transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. When chemical reactions occur, the atoms are rearranged and the reaction is accompanied by an Gibbs free energy, ...
: 15-''cis''-
phytoene Phytoene () is a 40-carbon intermediate in the biosynthesis of carotenoids. The synthesis of phytoene is the first committed step in the synthesis of carotenoids in plants. Phytoene is produced from two molecules of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate ( ...
+ 5 acceptor \rightleftharpoons all-''trans''-3,4- didehydrolycopene + 5 reduced acceptor (overall reaction) : (1a) 15-''cis''-phytoene + acceptor \rightleftharpoons all-''trans''-phytofluene + reduced acceptor : (1b) all-''trans''-phytofluene + acceptor \rightleftharpoons all-''trans''-''zeta''-carotene + reduced acceptor : (1c) all-''trans''-''zeta''-carotene + acceptor \rightleftharpoons all-''trans''-neurosporene + reduced acceptor : (1d) all-''trans''-neurosporene + acceptor \rightleftharpoons all-''trans''-lycopene + reduced acceptor : (1e) all-''trans''-lycopene + acceptor \rightleftharpoons all-''trans''-3,4-didehydrolycopene + reduced acceptor This enzyme is involved in
carotenoid Carotenoids () are yellow, orange, and red organic pigments that are produced by plants and algae, as well as several bacteria, archaea, and fungi. Carotenoids give the characteristic color to pumpkins, carrots, parsnips, corn, tomatoes, cana ...
biosynthesis.


See also

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Phytoene desaturase (lycopene-forming) Phytoene desaturase (lycopene-forming) (CrtI, ''four-step phytoene desaturase'') (, ''15-cis-phytoene:acceptor oxidoreductase (lycopene-forming)'') are enzymes found in archaea, bacteria and fungi that are involved in carotenoid biosynthesis. They ...
*
Phytoene desaturase (neurosporene-forming) Phytoene desaturase (neurosporene-forming) (, ''3-step phytoene desaturase'', ''three-step phytoene desaturase'', ''phytoene desaturase (ambiguous)'', ''CrtI (ambiguous)'') is an enzyme with systematic name ''15-cis-phytoene:acceptor oxidoreductase ...
*
Phytoene desaturase (zeta-carotene-forming) Phytoene desaturase (zeta-carotene-forming) (, ''CrtIa'', ''2-step phytoene desaturase (ambiguous)'', ''two-step phytoene desaturase (ambiguous)'') is an enzyme with List of enzymes, systematic name ''15-cis-phytoene:acceptor oxidoreductase (zeta-c ...
*
15-Cis-phytoene desaturase 15-''cis''-phytoene desaturases (''PDS'', ''plant-type phytoene desaturases'') (, ''15-cis-phytoene:plastoquinone oxidoreductase''), are enzymes involved in the carotenoid biosynthesis in plants and cyanobacteria. Phytoene desaturases are membrane ...


References


External links

* {{Portal bar, Biology, border=no EC 1.3.99