''Phyteuma'' is a genus of

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. They include all forbs (flowering plants without a woody stem), grasses and grass-like plants, a vast majority of ...

s in the family

Campanulaceae The family Campanulaceae (also bellflower family), of the order Asterales, contains nearly 2400 species in 84 genera of herbaceous plants, shrubs, and rarely small trees, often with milky sap. Among them are several familiar garden plants be ...

, native to

Europe Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a subcontinent of Eurasia and it is located enti ...

and

Morocco Morocco (),, ) officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is the westernmost country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It overlooks the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and has land borders with Algeria ...

.Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
/ref>Altervista Flora Italiana, genere ''Phyteuma''
/ref> The common name is rampion, a name shared with the related plant ''

Campanula rapunculus ''Campanula rapunculus'', common name rampion bellflower, rampion, rover bellflower, or rapunzel, is a species of bellflower (''Campanula'') in the family Campanulaceae. This species was once widely grown in Europe for its leaves, which were us ...

''. Rampion features prominently in some versions of the fairy tale

Rapunzel "Rapunzel" ( , ) is a German fairy tale recorded by the Brothers Grimm and first published in 1812 as part of ''Children's and Household Tales'' (KHM 12). The Brothers Grimm's story developed from the French literary fairy tale of ''Persinette ...

. In the version collected by the

Brothers Grimm The Brothers Grimm ( or ), Jacob (1785–1863) and Wilhelm (1786–1859), were a brother duo of German academics, philologists, cultural researchers, lexicographers, and authors who together collected and published folklore. They are among th ...

, it is said that "rapunzel" is the name given to a local variety of rampion. The species are

herbaceous Herbaceous plants are vascular plants that have no persistent woody stems above ground. This broad category of plants includes many perennials, and nearly all annuals and biennials. Definitions of "herb" and "herbaceous" The fourth edition ...

perennial A perennial plant or simply perennial is a plant that lives more than two years. The term ('' per-'' + '' -ennial'', "through the years") is often used to differentiate a plant from shorter-lived annuals and biennials. The term is also wide ...

plants, growing to 5–90 cm tall. The leaves are alternate, petiolate, and vary in shape on a single plant, with larger, broader leaves at the base of the stem and smaller, narrower leaves higher up; the leaf margin is serrated. The flowers are produced in dense erect

panicle A panicle is a much-branched inflorescence. (softcover ). Some authors distinguish it from a compound spike inflorescence, by requiring that the flowers (and fruit In botany, a fruit is the seed-bearing structure in flowering plants that is ...

s, each flower with a narrow, deeply five-lobed

corolla Corolla may refer to: *Corolla (botany), the petals of a flower, considered as a unit *Toyota Corolla, an automobile model name * Corolla (headgear), an ancient headdress in the form of a circlet or crown * ''Corolla'' (gastropod), a genus of moll ...

, 1–2 cm or more long), mostly purple, sometimes pale blue, white or pink. The

fruit In botany, a fruit is the seed-bearing structure in flowering plants that is formed from the ovary after flowering. Fruits are the means by which flowering plants (also known as angiosperms) disseminate their seeds. Edible fruits in partic ...

is a capsule containing numerous small

seed A seed is an embryonic plant enclosed in a protective outer covering, along with a food reserve. The formation of the seed is a part of the process of reproduction in seed plants, the spermatophytes, including the gymnosperm and angiosper ...

Species

*'' Phyteuma × adulterinum'' - Germany, Czech Republic (P. nigrum × P. spicatum) *''

Phyteuma betonicifolium ''Phyteuma betonicifolium'', common name betony-leaved rampion, is a species of flowering plant in the family Campanulaceae. Etymology The generic name (Phyteuma) derives from the Greek word "phyto" (= plant) and means: "what is planted", whil ...

'' - Alps *'' Phyteuma charmelii'' - Morocco, Spain, France, Italy *''

Phyteuma confusum ''Phyteuma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Europe and Morocco. The common name is rampion, a name shared with the related plant ''Campanula rapunculus''. Rampion features prominently in some versions of t ...

'' - Austria, Balkans *''

Phyteuma cordatum ''Phyteuma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Europe and Morocco. The common name is rampion, a name shared with the related plant ''Campanula rapunculus''. Rampion features prominently in some versions of t ...

'' - French and Italian Alps *''

Phyteuma gallicum ''Phyteuma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Europe and Morocco. The common name is rampion, a name shared with the related plant ''Campanula rapunculus''. Rampion features prominently in some versions of t ...

'' - France *''

Phyteuma globulariifolium ''Phyteuma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Europe and Morocco. The common name is rampion, a name shared with the related plant ''Campanula rapunculus''. Rampion features prominently in some versions of t ...

'' - Pyrenees, Alps *''

Phyteuma hedraianthifolium ''Phyteuma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Europe and Morocco. The common name is rampion, a name shared with the related plant ''Campanula rapunculus''. Rampion features prominently in some versions of t ...

'' Switzerland, northern Italy *''

Phyteuma hemisphaericum ''Phyteuma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Europe and Morocco. The common name is rampion, a name shared with the related plant ''Campanula rapunculus''. Rampion features prominently in some versions of t ...

'' - Spain, France, Switzerland, Germany, Austria *''

Phyteuma humile ''Phyteuma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Europe and Morocco. The common name is rampion, a name shared with the related plant ''Campanula rapunculus''. Rampion features prominently in some versions of t ...

'' - France, Italy *''

Phyteuma × huteri ''Phyteuma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Europe and Morocco. The common name is rampion, a name shared with the related plant ''Campanula rapunculus''. Rampion features prominently in some versions of t ...

'' Murr - Austrian Alps (P. betonicifolium × P. ovatum) *''

Phyteuma michelii ''Phyteuma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Europe and Morocco. The common name is rampion, a name shared with the related plant ''Campanula rapunculus''. Rampion features prominently in some versions of t ...

'' - France, Italy *''

Phyteuma nigrum ''Phyteuma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Europe and Morocco. The common name is rampion, a name shared with the related plant ''Campanula rapunculus''. Rampion features prominently in some versions of t ...

'' - Black rampion - France, Belgium, Germany, Czech Republic, Austria *''

Phyteuma × obornyanum ''Phyteuma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Europe and Morocco. The common name is rampion, a name shared with the related plant ''Campanula rapunculus''. Rampion features prominently in some versions of t ...

'' - Austrian Alps (P. confusum × P. globulariifolium) *'' Phyteuma orbiculare'' - Round-headed rampion - most of Europe except Ireland, Scandinavia, Greece, Bulgaria *''

Phyteuma × orbiculariforme ''Phyteuma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Europe and Morocco. The common name is rampion, a name shared with the related plant ''Campanula rapunculus''. Rampion features prominently in some versions of ...

'' - Czech Republic (P. nigrum × P. orbiculare) *''

Phyteuma ovatum ''Phyteuma ovatum'' is a flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') ...

'' - Pyrenees, Alps *''

Phyteuma persicifolium ''Phyteuma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Europe and Morocco. The common name is rampion, a name shared with the related plant ''Campanula rapunculus''. Rampion features prominently in some versions of ...

'' - Slovenia, Austria, Trentino-Alto Adige, Veneto, Friuli-Venezia Giulia *'' Phyteuma × pyrenaeum'' Sennen - French Pyrenees (P. ovatum × P. spicatum) *'' Phyteuma rupicola'' - French Pyrenees *''

Phyteuma scheuchzeri ''Phyteuma scheuchzeri'', the Oxford rampion or horned rampion, is a perennial herbaceous flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "an ...

'' - Alps; naturalised in Great Britain *'' Phyteuma scorzonerifolium'' Vill. - Alps *'' Phyteuma serratum'' Viv. - Corsica *'' Phyteuma sieberi'' - Alps *''

Phyteuma spicatum ''Phyteuma spicatum'', the spiked rampion, is a herbaceous perennial plant in the family Campanulaceae. It is common across much of Europe. Its common names include ''raiponce en épi'' (French), ''Ährige Teufelskralle'' (German), ''Ährige Rap ...

'' - Spiked rampion - most of Europe *'' Phyteuma tetramerum'' - Carpathians of Romania and Ukraine *''

Phyteuma vagneri ''Phyteuma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Europe and Morocco. The common name is rampion, a name shared with the related plant ''Campanula rapunculus''. Rampion features prominently in some versions of ...

'' - Carpathians of Romania and Ukraine *'' Phyteuma zahlbruckneri''

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q53468 Campanuloideae Campanulaceae genera