Phymorhynchus N. Sp. “CIR”
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''Phymorhynchus'' is a
genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of
sea snail Sea snails are slow-moving marine (ocean), marine gastropod Mollusca, molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the Taxonomic classification, taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguishe ...
s, marine
gastropod Gastropods (), commonly known as slugs and snails, belong to a large Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, freshwater, and fro ...
mollusk Mollusca is a phylum of protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000  extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum after Arthropoda. The ...
s in the
family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...
Raphitomidae Raphitomidae is a Family (biology), family of small to medium-sized sea snails, marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Conoidea.Bouchet P. & Rocroi J.-P. (Ed.) (2005). "Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families" ...
.


Description

The fusiform shell is thin, smooth, or spirally sculptured. The axial
sculpture Sculpture is the branch of the visual arts that operates in three dimensions. Sculpture is the three-dimensional art work which is physically presented in the dimensions of height, width and depth. It is one of the plastic arts. Durable sc ...
is less conspicuous. The siphonal canal is nearly obsolete. The
columella Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella (, Arabic: ) was a prominent Roman writer on agriculture in the Roman Empire. His in twelve volumes has been completely preserved and forms an important source on Roman agriculture and ancient Roman cuisin ...
and outer
lip The lips are a horizontal pair of soft appendages attached to the jaws and are the most visible part of the mouth of many animals, including humans. Mammal lips are soft, movable and serve to facilitate the ingestion of food (e.g. sucklin ...
is simple. The
anal sulcus The anal sulcus, also called the anal sinus or anal canal, in Gastropods is a notch, a shelly tube at the top of the Aperture (mollusc), aperture. It is the first notch close to the Suture (anatomy), suture. It houses the anal siphon through which t ...
is wide, shallow and close to the suture. The animal is blind, with a distinct muzzle into which the
proboscis A proboscis () is an elongated appendage from the head of an animal, either a vertebrate or an invertebrate. In invertebrates, the term usually refers to tubular arthropod mouthparts, mouthparts used for feeding and sucking. In vertebrates, a pr ...
is retracted. The operculum is wanting. Type: ''Pleurotomella castanea'' Dall, 1896


Species

Species within the genus ''Phymorhynchus'' include: * † '' Phymorhynchus agina'' (Olsson, 1942) * ''
Phymorhynchus alberti ''Phymorhynchus alberti'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Raphitomidae. Description The length of the shell attains 6.6 mm, its diameter 3 mm. The large, white shell is extremely thin and fragile. ...
'' (Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1906) * '' Phymorhynchus buccinoides'' Okutani, Fujikura & Sasaki, 1993 * ''
Phymorhynchus carinatus ''Phymorhynchus carinatus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Raphitomidae. Description The length of the shell attains 15 mm. Distribution This bathyal species occurs on the Logatchev site of the Mid-Atlanti ...
'' Waren & Bouchet, 2001 * ''
Phymorhynchus castaneus ''Phymorhynchus castaneus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family (biology), family Raphitomidae. ''Phymorhynchus castaneus'' is the type species of the genus ''Phymorhynchus''. Distribution This species occurs in ...
'' (Dall, 1896) - type species * ''
Phymorhynchus chevreuxi ''Phymorhynchus chevreuxi'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Raphitomidae. Description The white, fusiform shell is not very solid. The turreted spire is fairly high. The shell contains seven convex whorls, se ...
'' (Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1897) * ''
Phymorhynchus cingulatus ''Phymorhynchus cingulatus'', common name the ringed turrid, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Raphitomidae. Description The length of the shell attains 73 mm, its diameter 30 mm. The large, fusiform shell is ...
'' (Dall, 1890) * ''
Phymorhynchus cingulatus ''Phymorhynchus cingulatus'', common name the ringed turrid, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Raphitomidae. Description The length of the shell attains 73 mm, its diameter 30 mm. The large, fusiform shell is ...
'' Warén & Bouchet, 2009: secondary homonym of ''
Phymorhynchus cingulatus ''Phymorhynchus cingulatus'', common name the ringed turrid, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Raphitomidae. Description The length of the shell attains 73 mm, its diameter 30 mm. The large, fusiform shell is ...
'' (Dall, 1890) * ''
Phymorhynchus clarinda ''Phymorhynchus clarinda'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Raphitomidae. Description The length of the shell attains 39 mm, its diameter 18 mm. (Original description) The thin, fusiform shell is wh ...
'' (Dall, 1908) * ''
Phymorhynchus coseli ''Phymorhynchus coseli'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Raphitomidae. Description The length of the shell attains 64 mm. Distribution This species occurs at methane seeps in deep water off the Congo River ...
'' Warén & Bouchet, 2009 * ''
Phymorhynchus hyfifluxi ''Phymorhynchus hyfifluxi'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Raphitomidae Raphitomidae is a Family (biology), family of small to medium-sized sea snails, marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusks in the su ...
'' Beck, L., 1996 * ''
Phymorhynchus major ''Phymorhynchus major'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Raphitomidae. Description The length of the shell attains 72 mm. Distribution This species was found on the East Pacific Rise at a depth of 2,500 m. ...
'' Waren & Bouchet, 2001 * ''
Phymorhynchus moskalevi ''Phymorhynchus moskalevi'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Raphitomidae. This species has been described from hydrothermal vents in 1995. Description The length of the shell attains 39 mm. Distribution Th ...
'' Sysoev & Kantor, 1995 * ''
Phymorhynchus oculatus ''Phymorhynchus oculatus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Raphitomidae.MolluscaBase (2019). MolluscaBase. Phymorhynchus oculatus S.-Q. Zhang & S.-P. Zhang, 2017. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Spe ...
'' Zhang, S-Q. & Zhang, S-P. 2017 * ''
Phymorhynchus ovatus ''Phymorhynchus ovatus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Raphitomidae. Description The length of the shell attains 67 mm. Distribution This species was found at the Logatchev site, Mid-Atlantic Ridge ...
'' Warén & Bouchet, 2001 * ''
Phymorhynchus speciosus ''Phymorhynchus speciosus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Raphitomidae. Description The length of the shell attains 37 mm. Distribution This marine species occurs in the Gulf of Panama The Gulf of ...
'' Olsson, 1971 * ''
Phymorhynchus starmeri ''Phymorhynchus starmeri'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Raphitomidae. Description The length of the shell attains 65.4 mm, its diameter 36.1 mm. Distribution This marine species was found on hydrotherm ...
'' Okutani &
Ohta Ōta, Ota, or Ohta may refer to the following: People * Ota (wife of Arnulf of Carinthia), Queen of the East Franks 888-899, Empress of the Holy Roman Empire 896-899 *Ota (cartoonist), Brazilian cartoonist * Atsuya Ota, Japanese basketball pla ...
, 1993
* ''
Phymorhynchus sulciferus ''Phymorhynchus sulciferus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Raphitomidae. Description The length of the shell attains 30 mm, its diameter 12 mm. (Original description) The fusiform shell is rather ...
'' (Bush, 1893) * ''
Phymorhynchus turris ''Phymorhynchus turris'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Raphitomidae. The Japanese name of this species is Seitaka-watazoko-shajiku.Sasaki T., Okutani T. & Fujikura K. (2005). "Molluscs from Hydrothermal Ven ...
'' Okutani & Iwasaki, 2003 * '' Phymorhynchus wareni'' Sysoev & Kantor, 1995 * ''Phymorhynchus'' n. sp. “CIR” * ''Phymorhynchus'' n. sp. “SWIR” ;Species brought into synonymy: * ''Phymorhynchus argeta'' (Dall, 1908): synonym of '' Xanthodaphne argeta'' (Dall, 1890) * ''Phymorhynchus oceanica'' (Dall, 1908): synonym of '' Cryptomella oceanica'' (Dall, 1908) * ''Phymorhynchus oceanicus'' (Dall, 1908): synonym of '' Cryptomella oceanica'' (Dall, 1908) * ''Phymorhynchus tenuis'' Okutani, 1966 : synonym of '' Pararetifusus tenuis'' (Okutani, 1966) (original combination) A new species described by Warén & Bouchet in 2009 under the name ''Phymorhynchus cingulata'' from
methane seep Methane ( , ) is a chemical compound with the chemical formula (one carbon atom bonded to four hydrogen atoms). It is a group-14 hydride, the simplest alkane, and the main constituent of natural gas. The abundance of methane on Earth makes ...
s in deep water off the
Congo River The Congo River, formerly also known as the Zaire River, is the second-longest river in Africa, shorter only than the Nile, as well as the third-largest river in the world list of rivers by discharge, by discharge volume, following the Amazon Ri ...
Warén A. & Bouchet P. (2009). "New gastropods from deep-sea hydrocarbon seeps off West Africa". ''Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography'' 56(23): 2326-2349. is a secondary
homonym In linguistics, homonyms are words which are either; '' homographs''—words that mean different things, but have the same spelling (regardless of pronunciation), or '' homophones''—words that mean different things, but have the same pronunciat ...
. It will be newly described under different name in the future.


References

* Dall W. H. (1908). "Reports on the Dredging Operations off the West Coast of Central America to the Galapagos to the West Coast of Mexico, and in the Gulf of California, in charge of
Alexander Agassiz Alexander Emmanuel Rodolphe Agassiz (December 17, 1835March 27, 1910), son of Louis Agassiz and stepson of Elizabeth Cabot Agassiz, was an American scientist and engineer. Biography Agassiz was born in Neuchâtel, Switzerland, and immigrated t ...
, carried on by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer "Albatross", during 1891, Lieut. Commander Z. R. Tanner, U. S. N., Commanding, XXXVII and Reports on the Scientific Results of the Expedition to the Eastern Tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer "Albatross," from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. Commander L. M. Garrett, U. S. N., Commanding. XIV. The Mollusca and the Brachiopoda". ''Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College'' 43(6)
205
487 + plates
page 258
* Warén A. & Bouchet P. (1993) ''New records, species, genera, and a new family of gastropods from hydrothermal vents and hydrocarbon seeps''. Zoologica Scripta 22: 1-90.


External links


Zhang, S-Q. & Zhang, S-P. 2017. A new species of the genus Phymorhynchus (Neogastropoda: Raphitomidae) from a hydrothermal vent in the Manus Back-Arc Basin. Zootaxa 4300(3): 441–444

Bouchet, P.; Kantor, Y. I.; Sysoev, A.; Puillandre, N. (2011). A new operational classification of the Conoidea (Gastropoda). Journal of Molluscan Studies. 77(3): 273-308
*

{{Taxonbar, from=Q3717656 Raphitomidae