During most of the 20th century photography depended mainly upon the photochemical technology of silver halide emulsions on glass plates or

roll film Roll film or rollfilm is any type of spool-wound photographic film protected from white light exposure by a paper backing. The term originated in contrast to sheet film. Confusingly, roll film was originally often referred to as "cartridge" film ...

.Langford, Michael. ''Story of Photography''. Focal Press, 1998, pp. 224. . Early in the 21st century this technology was displaced by the electronic technology of

digital camera A digital camera, also called a digicam, is a camera that captures photographs in Digital data storage, digital memory. Most cameras produced today are digital, largely replacing those that capture images on photographic film or film stock. Dig ...

s. The development of digital

image sensor An image sensor or imager is a sensor that detects and conveys information used to form an image. It does so by converting the variable attenuation of light waves (as they refraction, pass through or reflection (physics), reflect off objects) into s ...

microprocessor A microprocessor is a computer processor (computing), processor for which the data processing logic and control is included on a single integrated circuit (IC), or a small number of ICs. The microprocessor contains the arithmetic, logic, a ...

memory card A memory card is an electronic data storage device used for storing digital information, typically using flash memory. These are commonly used in digital portable electronic devices, such as digital cameras as well as in many early games conso ...

s, miniaturised devices and

image editing Image editing encompasses the processes of altering images, whether they are Digital photography, digital photographs, traditional Photographic processing, photo-chemical photographs, or illustrations. Traditional analog image editing is known ...

software enabled these cameras to offer their users a much wider range of operating options than was possible with the older silver halide technology.Busch, David D. ''Digital SLR Cameras and Photography For Dummies''. For Dummies, Wiley 2009. .Kelby, Scott. ''The Digital Photography Book''. Peachpit Press, 2006, pp. 240. . This has led to a proliferation of new

abbreviation An abbreviation () is a shortened form of a word or phrase, by any method including shortening (linguistics), shortening, contraction (grammar), contraction, initialism (which includes acronym), or crasis. An abbreviation may be a shortened for ...

s, acronyms and initialisms. The commonest of these are listed below. Some are used in related fields of

optics Optics is the branch of physics that studies the behaviour and properties of light, including its interactions with matter and the construction of optical instruments, instruments that use or Photodetector, detect it. Optics usually describes t ...

and

electronics Electronics is a scientific and engineering discipline that studies and applies the principles of physics to design, create, and operate devices that manipulate electrons and other Electric charge, electrically charged particles. It is a subfield ...

but many are specific to

digital photography Digital photography uses cameras containing arrays of electronic photodetectors interfaced to an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) to produce images focused by a lens, as opposed to an exposure on photographic film. The digitized image is ...

Acronyms and initialisms that are not brand-specific

Initialisms that are used mainly by specific brands

References

General references

* Blair, John G. ''The Glossary of Digital Photography''. Rocky Nook, 2007, . * Peres, Michael R. ''The Focal Encyclopedia of Photography'', Fourth Edition. Focal, 2007, . * Taylor, Phil. ''Digital Photographic Imaging Glossary''. Trafford, 2006, .
Glossary, issued by Nikon
explaining the Nikkor lens codes. Retrieved 2011-01-01. {{DEFAULTSORT:List of Abbreviations in Photography *

Photography Photography is the visual arts, art, application, and practice of creating images by recording light, either electronically by means of an image sensor, or chemically by means of a light-sensitive material such as photographic film. It is empl ...