The Peruvian Communist Party (Marxist–Leninist) () is an anti-revisionist Marxist–Leninist communist party in

Peru Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pac ...

. It was founded in January 1964 following a split in the

Peruvian Communist Party The Peruvian Communist Party (; PCP) is a communist party in Peru that was founded as the Peruvian Socialist Party (, PSP) in 1928 by a group led by José Carlos Mariátegui until its name change in 1930. In contemporary Peruvian politics, it is ...

, and was originally known as the Peruvian Communist Party – Red Flag ().

History

The

Sino-Soviet split The Sino-Soviet split was the gradual worsening of relations between the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) during the Cold War. This was primarily caused by divergences that arose from their ...

separated the Peruvian Communist Party into two rival factions, one pro-Soviet and the other pro-Chinese. The latter subsequently split from the Peruvian Communist Party in January 1964 and adopted the name "Peruvian Communist Party – Red Flag". The party was originally led by

Saturnino Paredes Saturnino is the Spanish, Portuguese, and Italian form of the name Saturninus. As a first name, it can refer to: *Saturnino Arrúa, Paraguayan footballer *Saturnino Herrán, Mexican painter *Saturnino Rustrián, Guatemalan road bicycle racer *Satu ...

José Sotomayor José is a predominantly Spanish and Portuguese form of the given name Joseph. While spelled alike, this name is pronounced very differently in each of the two languages: Spanish ; Portuguese (or ). In French, the name ''José'', pronounced , ...

, and

Abimael Guzmán Manuel Rubén Abimael Guzmán Reinoso (; 3 December 1934 − 11 September 2021), also known by his ''nom de guerre'' Chairman Gonzalo (), was a Peruvian Maoist guerrilla leader. He founded the organization Communist Party of Peru – Shining ...

. Due to internal disagreements among the party's three leaders, the party expelled several of its members in its early history. Two parties subsequently emerged from a 1969 split in the party: the

Communist Party of Peru – Red Fatherland The Communist Party of Peru – Red Fatherland (, PCP-PR) is a far-left, communist political party in Peru. It was founded in 1970, through a split in the Peruvian Communist Party – Red Flag. It is led by Alberto Moreno and Rolando Breña. It ...

and the

Communist Party of Peru – Shining Path Communism () is a sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology within the socialist movement, whose goal is the creation of a communist society, a socioeconomic order centered on common ownership of the means of production, distrib ...

led by Guzmán. Afterwards, Paredes became the party's sole leader and renamed the party "Peruvian Communist Party (Marxist–Leninist)". In response to the

Sino-Albanian split The Sino-Albanian split was the gradual worsening of relations between the People's Socialist Republic of Albania and the People's Republic of China in the period 1972–1978. Both countries had supported each other in the Albanian–Soviet and ...

, the party dropped its commitment to

Maoism Maoism, officially Mao Zedong Thought, is a variety of Marxism–Leninism that Mao Zedong developed while trying to realize a socialist revolution in the agricultural, pre-industrial society of the Republic of China (1912–1949), Republic o ...

and aligned itself with the

Party of Labour of Albania The Party of Labour of Albania (PLA), also referred to as the Albanian Workers' Party (AWP), was the ruling and sole legal party of Albania during the communist period (1945–1991). It was founded on 8 November 1941 as the Communist Party of ...

and

Hoxhaism Hoxhaism ( , ) is a variant of Marxism–Leninism developed in the late 1970s as a result of a schism in the anti-revisionist movement, namely between the Chinese Communist Party and the Party of Labour of Albania. The ideological dispute be ...

. The party participated in the 1978 Constituent Assembly election on the list of

FOCEP The Worker Peasant Student and Popular Front () or FOCEP is a political party in Peru. It was founded as a Popular front, broad front in 1977 by a group around Genaro Ledesma Izquieta, Socialist Workers Party (Peru), Socialist Workers Party, Peruv ...

. FOCEP won 12 of the 100 seats. In July 2019, the Communist Party of Peru (Marxist–Leninist) participated in the Meeting of Marxist–Leninist Parties and Organizations of Latin America and the Caribbean, hosted by the International Conference of Marxist–Leninist Parties and Organizations (ICMLPO). The party signed the subsequent political declaration made by the participating organizations.

References

Citations

Sources

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External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Peruvian Communist Party (Marxist-Leninist) Political parties established in 2001 Communist parties in Peru Stalinist parties Hoxhaist parties International Conference of Marxist–Leninist Parties and Organizations (Unity & Struggle) 2001 establishments in Peru Far-left politics in Peru