The Ministry of Transport Machine-Building Industry () was one of the

government ministries Ministry or department (also less commonly used secretariat, office, or directorate) are designations used by first-level Executive (government), executive bodies in the Machinery of government, machinery of governments that manage a specific se ...

of the

Soviet Union The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...

. Before 1946 it was known as the People's Commissariat of the Tank Industry of the USSR (''Народный комиссариат танковой промышленности СССР''). The seat was located in Moscow at Ryazanskaya St. (''Рязанская ул.'') 8а, then evacuated to

Chelyabinsk Chelyabinsk; , is the administrative center and largest types of inhabited localities in Russia, city of Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia. It is the List of cities and towns in Russia by population, seventh-largest city in Russia, with a population ...

History

The People's Commissariat of the Tank Industry was created 11 September 1941 on the basis of People's Commissariat of Middle Engineering Industry in conjunction with those of large losses of tanks in World War II. Similar commissariats existed at that time in other areas of the defense industry, such as aviation and NKTP was organized similarly. NKTP became one of the largest industrial ministries of the USSR. It consisted of a series of industrial giants, employing over 10,000 people each. In total, during the war in his factories employed thousands 200,000 – 250,000 people. At the end of 1941, NKTP forming process has been completed. In the first stage the main task was the sharp rise NKTP production of tanks. During 1942 a significant reduction in the complexity of the production T-34. In this way, Works No. 183, it declined by 22%, while Works No. 112 – 40%. Great importance for the development of the production of tanks were also changes in their structure. However, to simplify design and production process led to a decrease in reliability, so in the summer of 1942, major efforts were directed NKTP designers to simplify the production technology to improve the reliability of the tanks. Activities NKTP in the initial period of war (1941–1942) can be described as a success story of Soviet production of tanks, which in quantitative terms, grew much faster than the production of tanks in Germany and occupied countries. Thus, in the Soviet Union in 1942 produced 24,504 tanks and self-propelled guns in Germany — only 6,189 in 1943 – 24,006 (10,700 in Germany.) In 1944 – 28,983 (18,300 in Germany), in the first half of 1945 – 15,422 (Germany only 4,400). October 14, 1945 the People's Commissariat of the Tank Industry of the USSR was renamed the People's Commissariat of Transport Machine-Building Industry of the USSR (''Народный комиссариат транспортного машиностроения СССР''). From 1946 – Ministry of Transport Machine-Building Industry of the USSR.

Factories under the ministry

The company incorporated NKTP with experience in the production of tanks since 1930: *

Kharkov Kharkiv, also known as Kharkov, is the second-largest List of cities in Ukraine, city in Ukraine.

– Works No. 183 → V.A. Malyshev Kharkov Institute of Transport Machine-Building Industry (''Харьковский завод транспортного машиностроения имени В. А. Малышева''), producing medium tanks

T-34 The T-34 is a Soviet medium tank from World War II. When introduced, its 76.2 mm (3 in) tank gun was more powerful than many of its contemporaries, and its 60-degree sloped armour provided good protection against Anti-tank warfare, ...

. This facility was also sometimes called the Kharkov Transport Engineering Plant, and was one of two plants building the

Kharkovchanka Kharkovchanka (Russian: Харьковчанка) or Kharkivyanka (, "Woman of Kharkiv"), code name: Manufacture 404S, is a model of Antarctic off-road vehicle made circa 1957–1958 in the Soviet Union, designed and built by the Kharkov Transport ...

Antarctic Cruisers after the mid-1950s. *

Stalingrad Volgograd,. geographical renaming, formerly Tsaritsyn. (1589–1925) and Stalingrad. (1925–1961), is the largest city and the administrative centre of Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The city lies on the western bank of the Volga, covering an area o ...

– Works No. 75 → Barrikady Works (''завод Баррикады''), which produces diesel engines for tanks *

Leningrad Saint Petersburg, formerly known as Petrograd and later Leningrad, is the List of cities and towns in Russia by population, second-largest city in Russia after Moscow. It is situated on the Neva, River Neva, at the head of the Gulf of Finland ...

– Kirov Works, heavy tanks and plant No. 174 → K. E. Voroshilov Leningrad State Works No. 174 (''Ленинградский государственный завод № 174 имени К. Е. Ворошилова''), light tanks

T-26 The T-26 tank was a Soviet light tank used during many conflicts of the Interwar period and in World War II. It was a development of the British Vickers 6-Ton tank and was one of the most successful tank designs of the 1930s until its light ...

Moscow Moscow is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, standing on the Moskva (river), Moskva River in Central Russia. It has a population estimated at over 13 million residents with ...

– the plant is 37, a light flying

T-40 The T-40 amphibious scout tank was an amphibious light tank used by the Soviet Union during World War II. It was armed with one 12.7 mm (0.5 in) DShK machine gun. It was one of the few tanks that could cross an unfordable river with ...

tanks *

Mariupol Mariupol is a city in Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine. It is situated on the northern coast (Pryazovia) of the Sea of Azov, at the mouth of the Kalmius, Kalmius River. Prior to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, it was the tenth-largest city in the coun ...

– Ilyich Mariupol Works (''Мариупольский завод им. Ильича''), housings for the T-34 *

Podolsk Podolsk ( rus, Подольск, p=pɐˈdolʲsk) is an industrial city, center of Podolsk Urban Okrug, Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Pakhra River (a tributary of the Moskva River). Population: History The first mentions of the vill ...

– Ordzhonikidze Podolsk Works (''Подольский завод им. Орджоникидзе''), armored hulls for tanks T-40 Since the beginning of September 1941 the majority of plants being taken over by the Germans, while the composition of NKTP includes businesses located in the eastern regions of the USSR. They evacuated facilities, such as * Kirov Works took

Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant (, abbreviated , ) also known as CTZ-Uraltrak (''ЧТЗ-УРАЛТРАК'') is a tractor construction plant in the Russian city of Chelyabinsk. History The Chelyabinsk Tractor plant was a project of the first five- ...

(''Челябинский тракторный завод''), * Works No. 183 – Ural Car Building Works (''Уральский вагоностроительный завод'') in

Nizhny Tagil Nizhny Tagil ( rus, Нижний Тагил, p=ˈnʲiʐnʲɪj tɐˈgʲil) is a classification of inhabited localities in Russia, city in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, located east of the Boundaries between the continents#Asia and Europe, boundary ...

, * Department of the Kirov Engine Works – Ural Turbine Works (''Уральский турбинный завод'') in Sverdlovsk, * Izhorsk Works (''Ижорский завод'') – Ural Works of Heavy Engineering Industry (''Уральский завод тяжёлого машиностроения'') in Sverdlovsk, * Works No. 75 – Yurginsk Works of Machine Industry (''Юргинский машиностроительный завод''). Moreover, the composition became NKTP * Works No. 264 → Stalingrad Shipyard (''Сталинградская судоверфь'') in

, organizing the production of armored hulls for STZ, * Works No. 112 → Shipyard (''Красное Сормово'') in

Nizhny Novgorod Nizhny Novgorod ( ; rus, links=no, Нижний Новгород, a=Ru-Nizhny Novgorod.ogg, p=ˈnʲiʐnʲɪj ˈnovɡərət, t=Lower Newtown; colloquially shortened to Nizhny) is a city and the administrative centre of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast an ...

, which focuses on the production of T-34.

List of ministers

''Source'': *

Vyacheslav Malyshev Vyacheslav Aleksandrovich Malyshev (; 3 December 1902 — 20 February 1957) was a Soviet politician and an engineer who was one of the senior program managers in the Soviet program of nuclear weapons during the 1940s and 1950s. He was instr ...

(1.9.1941 - 29.12.1947) * Ivan Nosenko (29.12.1947 - 10.1.1950) *

Yuri Maksarev Yuri may refer to: People Given name *Yuri (Slavic name), the Slavic masculine form of the given name George, including a list of people with the given name Yuri, Yury, etc. *Yuri (Japanese name), feminine Japanese given names, including a list o ...

(10.1.1950 - 6.3.1953) * Sergei Stepanov (19.4.1954 - 10.5.1957)

References

{{authority control Transport Machine-Building Industry Defence companies of the Soviet Union Military history of the Soviet Union during World War II