Pedro José Pidal y Carniado, 1st Marquis of Pidal (25 November 1799 – 28 December 1865) was a

Spanish Spanish might refer to: * Items from or related to Spain: **Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain **Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many countries in the Americas **Spanish cuisine **Spanish history **Spanish culture ...

lawyer, writer, politician (''

alcalde ''Alcalde'' (; ) is the traditional Spanish municipal magistrate, who had both judicial and Administration (government), administrative functions. An ''alcalde'' was, in the absence of a corregidor (position), corregidor, the presiding officer o ...

'', deputy and

senator A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or Legislative chamber, chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the Ancient Rome, ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior ...

) and academician who served important political offices in the reign of

Isabella II of Spain Isabella II (, María Isabel Luisa de Borbón y Borbón-Dos Sicilias; 10 October 1830 – 9 April 1904) was Queen of Spain from 1833 until her deposition in 1868. She is the only queen regnant in the history of unified Spain. Isabella wa ...

, including those of Ministry of Governance,

Minister of State Minister of state is a designation for a government minister, with varying meanings in different jurisdictions. In a number of European countries, the title is given as an honorific conferring a higher rank, often bestowed upon senior minister ...

,, Miguel (in Spanish)
Biography: "Pedro José Pidal y Carniado."

Real Academia de la Historia The Royal Academy of History (, RAH) is a Spanish institution in Madrid that studies history "ancient and modern, political, civil, ecclesiastical, military, scientific, of letters and arts, that is to say, the different branches of life, of c ...

. Retrieved 25 January 2019. Minister of Justice and speaker of the

Congress of Deputies The Congress of Deputies () is the lower house of the , Spain's legislative branch, the upper house being the Senate of Spain, Senate. The Congress meets in the Palacio de las Cortes, Madrid, Palace of the Parliament () in Madrid. Congress has ...

., Carlos
''Spain, 1834-1844: A New Society'', pp. 195, 197. Tamesis, 1970.
Google Books. Retrieved 25 January 2019.

Biography

Pedro José Pidal y Carniado was born in

Villaviciosa, Asturias Villaviciosa (, ) is a town and Municipalities of Spain, municipality in the autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Asturias, Spain. Geography Villaviciosa is situated on the central eastern coastline, and borders the Asturi ...

. On finishing his Law studies, he moved to Madrid in 1822 and started working for a prestigious law firm and collaborated with the short-lived daily ''El Espectador'' (1821-3), founded by his fellow Asturian liberal, Evaristo San Miguel. Before becoming increasingly involved in politics, he briefly (c. 1841) held the Chair of History of Government and Legislation in Spain at the

Ateneo de Madrid The Ateneo de Madrid ("Athenæum of Madrid") is a private cultural institution located in the capital of Spain that was founded in 1835. Its full name is ''Ateneo Científico, Literario y Artístico de Madrid'' ("Scientific, Literary and Artistic ...

. He became an academician of the

Real Academia Española The Royal Spanish Academy (, ; ) is Spain's official royal institution with a mission to ensure the stability of the Spanish language. It is based in Madrid, Spain, and is affiliated with national language academies in 22 other Hispanopho ...

in 1844, of the

in 1847, and director of this institution in 1852.

Pidal Plan

Among the many other reforms carried out by Pidal as Minister of the Interior, the so-called Pidal Plan (1845) —the most important of a series of reforms in Spain's

education system The educational system generally refers to the structure of all institutions and the opportunities for obtaining education within a country. It includes all pre-school institutions, starting from family education, and/or early childhood education ...

that would eventually lead to the so-called Ley Moyano (1857), which would remain in effect until 1970—, implemented the first major overhaul of Spain's education system. Actually drawn up by his friend

Antonio Gil y Zárate Antonio Gil y Zárate (1 December 1793–27 January 1861) was a Spanish dramatist and pedagogue whose work is associated with Romanticism.

, the plan called for state-run ''institutos'' to be created in each provincial capital and among the many aspects the plan introduced were modifications to the syllabus, with the subjects of Spanish literature introduced at secondary level and geography and Spanish history introduced for both secondary and university students. The plan also created the first chair in International Law, a post first held, albeit briefly, by Lorenzo Arrazola y García, a former

Minister of Justice A justice ministry, ministry of justice, or department of justice, is a ministry or other government agency in charge of the administration of justice. The ministry or department is often headed by a minister of justice (minister for justice in a ...

, future

Prime Minister of Spain The prime minister of Spain, officially president of the Government (), is the head of government of Spain. The prime minister nominates the Spanish government departments, ministers and chairs the Council of Ministers (Spain), Council of Mini ...

and President of the Supreme Court.

Family

He married with Manuela Mon y Menéndez (1802-1889) and had 3 children : * Luis Pidal y Mon (1842-1913), II marqués de Pidal,

President of the Senate of Spain The president of the Senate is the Speaker (politics), presiding officer of the Spanish Senate, the upper house of Spain's Cortes Generales. It is the fourth authority of the country after the King of Spain, Monarch (Head of State), the Prime M ...

** father of María de las Maravillas de Jesús (1891-1974) * Alejandro Pidal y Mon (1846–1913) would also become a deputy (as well as Speaker of Congress) and academician (also being appointed director of the Real Academia Española). ** father of Pedro Pidal Bernaldo de Quirós (1870–1941), who would likewise enter politics, becoming both deputy and senador.File: Pidal Bernaldo de Quirós, Pedro, Marqués de Villaviciosa de Asturias.

Senate of Spain The Senate () is the upper house of the , which along with the Congress of Deputies – the lower chamber – comprises the Parliament of the Kingdom of Spain. The Senate meets in the Palace of the Senate in Madrid. The presiding officer of the ...

. Retrieved 25 January 2019. *Ramona Pidal y Mon (circa 1848-1896), married to Juan Menéndez Fernández and mother of ** Juan Menéndez Pidal (1858–1915), historian and poet, ** Luis Menéndez Pidal (1861-1932), painter, **

Ramón Menéndez Pidal Ramón Menéndez Pidal (; 13 March 1869 – 14 November 1968) was a Spanish philologist and historian."Ramon Menendez Pidal", ''Almanac of Famous People'' (2011) ''Biography in Context'', Gale, Detroit He worked extensively on the history of t ...

(1869–1968), historian.

Notes

References

, - , - , - {{DEFAULTSORT:Pidal, Pedro Jose, 1st Marquis Of Pidal Marquesses of Spain Foreign ministers of Spain Presidents of the Congress of Deputies (Spain) Knights of the Golden Fleece of Spain Members of the Royal Spanish Academy 1799 births 1865 deaths Moderate Party (Spain) politicians