The 1404 papal conclave (10 October to 17 October) – the

papal conclave A conclave is a gathering of the College of Cardinals convened to appoint the pope of the Catholic Church. Catholics consider the pope to be the apostolic successor of Saint Peter and the earthly head of the Catholic Church. Concerns around ...

of the time of the

Great Western Schism The Western Schism, also known as the Papal Schism, the Great Occidental Schism, the Schism of 1378, or the Great Schism (), was a split within the Catholic Church lasting from 20 September 1378 to 11 November 1417, in which bishops residing ...

, convened after the death of

Pope Boniface IX Pope Boniface IX (; ; c. 1350 – 1 October 1404, born Pietro Tomacelli) was head of the Catholic Church from 2 November 1389 to his death, in October 1404. He was the second Roman pope during the Western Schism.Richard P. McBrien, ''Lives of t ...

, it elected Cardinal Cosimo Migliorati, who took the name of Innocent VII.

Cardinal electors

Pope Boniface IX died on 1 October 1404. At the time of his death, there were only 12

cardinal Cardinal or The Cardinal most commonly refers to * Cardinalidae, a family of North and South American birds **''Cardinalis'', genus of three species in the family Cardinalidae ***Northern cardinal, ''Cardinalis cardinalis'', the common cardinal of ...

s in the Roman Obedience of the Sacred College. Nine of them participated in the election of his successor: All the electors were Italians. Five of them were elevated by

Pope Urban VI Pope Urban VI (; ; c. 1318 – 15 October 1389), born Bartolomeo Prignano (), was head of the Catholic Church from 8 April 1378 to his death, in October 1389. He was the last pope elected from outside the College of Cardinals. His pontificate be ...

, and four by Boniface IX.

Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church The camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church is an office of the papal household that administers the property and revenues of the Holy See. Formerly, his responsibilities included the fiscal administration of the Patrimony of Saint Peter. As regu ...

was at that time

Corrado Caraccioli Corrado may refer to: Places *Anticoli Corrado, comune in the City of Rome *Monte Vidon Corrado, comune in the Province of Fermo People Given name *See Corrado (given name) Surname *Andrea Corrado (1873-1963), Italian ship owner *Andrea Di Corrado ...

bishop of Mileto The Diocese of Mileto-Nicotera-Tropea () is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church in Calabria, southern Italy, created in 1986. In that year the historical Diocese of Mileto was united with the Diocese of Nicotera-Tropea. The diocese is a suffra ...

Absentee cardinals

Three cardinals, two created by Urban VI and one by Boniface IX, did not participate in this conclave: Hungarian Alsani was the only non-Italian Cardinal in the Roman Obedience.

The election of Pope Innocent VII

Several churchmen and laymen urged "Roman" Cardinals not to elect the successor of Boniface IX and to recognise Benedict XIII of Avignon as Pope (or, at least, to wait for his death and then elect the new pope together with his adherents). Among the supporters of this point of view was Cardinal Protodeacon Ludovico Fieschi, who did not attend the conclave and later did not recognise its result. In spite of this, nine cardinals present in

Rome Rome (Italian language, Italian and , ) is the capital city and most populated (municipality) of Italy. It is also the administrative centre of the Lazio Regions of Italy, region and of the Metropolitan City of Rome. A special named with 2, ...

entered the conclave on October 10. Initially, they subscribed the

conclave capitulation A conclave capitulation was a compact or unilateral contract drawn up by the College of Cardinals during a papal conclave to constrain the actions of the pope elected by the conclave. The legal term '' capitulation'' more frequently refers to the ...

, which obliged whoever was elected to do everything possible (including abdication) in order to restore the unity of the Church. After seven days of deliberations Cardinal Cosimo Gentile Migliorati was unanimously elected pope and took the name of Innocent VII. Five days later Cardinal Fieschi officially abandoned the Roman Obedience and recognised Benedict XIII as true pope, so the rite of

papal coronation A papal coronation was the formal ceremony of the placing of the papal tiara on a newly elected pope. The first recorded papal coronation was of Pope Nicholas I in 858. The most recent was the 1963 coronation of Paul VI, who soon afterwards aba ...

on November 11 was performed by the new Protodeacon

Landolfo Maramaldo Landulf or Landulph, Italian Landolfo and Latin Landolfus, Landulphus, etc., is a masculine given name of Germanic (possibly Lombardic) origin. It may refer to: Landulf * Landulf I of Benevento * Landulf II of Benevento * Landulf III of Benevento * ...

.S. Miranda: Pope Innocent VII
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Notes

Bibliography

*Martin Souchon: ''Die Papstwahlen in der Zeit des grossen Schismas'', Verlag von Benno Goeritz, 1888

External links

* ttps://web.archive.org/web/20070927215455/http://www.vaticanhistory.de/vh/html/innozenz_vii_.html Konklave 1404 {{Subject bar , portal1= Catholicism , portal2= Christianity , portal3= Vatican City , b=y, b-search=Biblical Studies/Christianity/Roman Catholicism/History , commons=y, commons-search=Papal conclave , n=y, n-search=Roman Catholic Church , q=y, q-search=Popes , s=y, s-search=Popes , v=y, v-search=Christian History , wikt=y, wikt-search=Pope , d=y

1404 Year 1404 ( MCDIV) was a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. Events January–March *January 14 – The fourth Parliament of King Henry IV of England opens for a session of two months. *February 10 – Thoma ...

15th-century Catholicism 15th-century elections 1404 Western Schism