The Padrão Comemorativo da Batalha do Salado, commonly referred to as just Padrão do Salado, is a 14th-century
gothic monument located in the
freguesia
(), usually translated as "parish" or "civil parish", is the third-level administrative subdivision of Portugal, as defined by the 1976 Constitution. It is also the designation for local government jurisdictions in the former Portuguese over ...
of
Oliveira, São Paio e São Sebastião, inside the
Historic Center of Guimarães area, in Portugal.
Located in front of the
Church of Nossa Senhora da Oliveira, the Padrão do Salado has been classified as a
National Monument
A national monument is a monument constructed in order to commemorate something of importance to national heritage, such as a country's founding, independence, war, or the life and death of a historical figure. The term may also refer to a sp ...
since 1910.
History
It was erected in 1340
at the initiative of
Afonso IV of Portugal
Afonso IVEnglish: ''Alphonzo'' or ''Alphonse'', or ''Affonso'' (Archaic Portuguese), ''Alfonso'' or ''Alphonso'' ( Portuguese-Galician) or ''Alphonsus'' (Latin). (; 8 February 129128 May 1357), called the Brave (), was King of Portugal from 1325 ...
to commemorate the victory in the
Battle of Río Salado
The Battle of Río Salado also known as the Battle of Tarifa (30 October 1340) was a battle between the armies of King Afonso IV of Portugal and King Alfonso XI of Castile against those of Sultan Abu al-Hasan 'Ali of the Marinids and Yusuf ...
that took place the same year. The Portuguese sovereign had participated in this battle in support of his son-in-law,
Afonso XI of Castile, helping him defend against a Muslim invasion. The
limestone
Limestone is a type of carbonate rock, carbonate sedimentary rock which is the main source of the material Lime (material), lime. It is composed mostly of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different Polymorphism (materials science) ...
Normand Normand is the French name for the Norman language and people from Normandy.
It is also a surname and masculine given name.
"Normand" = The French surname describes those families in and originating from Normandy. The "d" was retained by immigrate ...
cross, located in the middle of the monument, originally plated with
gold
Gold is a chemical element; it has chemical symbol Au (from Latin ) and atomic number 79. In its pure form, it is a brightness, bright, slightly orange-yellow, dense, soft, malleable, and ductile metal. Chemically, gold is a transition metal ...
,
was gifted by local
merchant
A merchant is a person who trades in goods produced by other people, especially one who trades with foreign countries. Merchants have been known for as long as humans have engaged in trade and commerce. Merchants and merchant networks operated i ...
Pedro Esteves in 1342.
It was sealed with
iron fencing until the yearly 20th century.
Description
Open quadrangular-plan porch made up of four carved broken arches resting on columns with carved capitals, topped by the
Royal coat of arms. The arches, surmounted by a gable, limit a granite vaulted roof. It houses a cross resting on a circular socle with two steps. The polychrome cross depicts Christ Crucified on one side and the Virgin Mother under a baldachin on the other. On a lower level on the shaft of the cross: 4 sculptures representing
Vincent of Saragossa
Vincent of Saragossa (also known as Vincent Martyr, Vincent of Huesca or Vincent the Deacon), the Protomartyr of Spain, was a deacon of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Zaragoza, Church of Saragossa. He is the patron saint of Lisbon, Algarve, a ...
,
Philip the Apostle
Philip the Apostle (; Aramaic: ܦܝܠܝܦܘܣ; , ''Philippos'') was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus according to the New Testament. Later Christian traditions describe Philip as the apostle who preached in Greece, Syria, and Asia-Minor.
I ...
,
Saint Torcato and the
Guardian Angel
A guardian angel is a type of angel that is assigned to protect and guide a particular person, group or nation. Belief in tutelary deity, tutelary beings can be traced throughout all antiquity. The idea of angels that guard over people played ...
.
See also
*
Battle of Río Salado
The Battle of Río Salado also known as the Battle of Tarifa (30 October 1340) was a battle between the armies of King Afonso IV of Portugal and King Alfonso XI of Castile against those of Sultan Abu al-Hasan 'Ali of the Marinids and Yusuf ...
*
List of national monuments of Portugal
The national monuments of Portugal () were constructed throughout the Portuguese territory, and the oldest date back to the period of pre-historic settlement of occupation. Subsequently, the region that is today Portugal has been colonized by many ...
*
List of buildings in Guimarães
A list is a set of discrete items of information collected and set forth in some format for utility, entertainment, or other purposes. A list may be memorialized in any number of ways, including existing only in the mind of the list-maker, but ...
*
Padrão de D. João I
References
External links
{{Guimarães
Buildings and structures in Guimarães