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''Pro Wrestling Illustrated'' (''PWI'') is an American
professional wrestling Professional wrestling, often shortened to either pro wrestling or wrestling,The term "wrestling" is most often widely used to specifically refer to modern scripted professional wrestling, though it is also used to refer to Real life, real- ...
magazine A magazine is a periodical literature, periodical publication, print or digital, produced on a regular schedule, that contains any of a variety of subject-oriented textual and visual content (media), content forms. Magazines are generally fin ...
that was founded in 1979 by publisher Stanley Weston. ''PWI'' is headquartered in
Blue Bell, Pennsylvania Blue Bell is a census-designated place (CDP) in Whitpain Township, Pennsylvania, United States. As of the 2020 census, its population was 6,506. Blue Bell was originally known as Pigeontown, after the large flocks of the now-extinct passenge ...
, and published by
Kappa Publishing Group Kappa Publishing Group, Inc. is a Blue Bell, Pennsylvania-based publishing company concentrating on adult puzzle books and magazines as well as children's magazines and maps. It is a private company founded in 1955 with $11.5 million in ann ...
. The magazine is the longest published English language wrestling magazine still in production. ''PWI'' publishes bi-monthly issues and annual special issues such as their "Almanac and Book of Facts". The magazine recognizes various world championships as legitimate, similar to '' The Ring'' in boxing. ''PWI'' is often referred to as an "Apter Mag", named after its long-time photographer
Bill Apter William Stanley Apter (born October 22, 1945) is an American journalist and photographer specializing in professional wrestling. He was an editorial staff member and photographer for several magazines during the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s, notably ''P ...
, a term used for wrestling magazines that keep
kayfabe In professional wrestling, kayfabe (pronounced ) is the portrayal of staged events within the industry as "real" or "true", specifically competition, rivalries, and relationships between participants. The term has evolved to become a code word ...
. In recent years, the ''PWI'' has moved away from reporting on storylines as actual news and mixed in editorial comments on the behind-the-scenes workings of wrestling. Since 1991, ''PWI'' has been publishing its annual "Top 500 Wrestlers" listing the top male wrestlers in the world. In 2008, they added an annual "Top 50 Female Wrestlers" list, which was later expanded and renamed to the "Top 100 Female Wrestlers" list in 2018 and then again in 2021 as the "Top 150 Female Wrestlers." In 2020, they added an annual "Top 50 Tag Teams" listing the top tag teams in the world.


History

The first issue of ''Pro Wrestling Illustrated'' (''PWI'') was released in 1979. The magazine soon became known for not breaking
kayfabe In professional wrestling, kayfabe (pronounced ) is the portrayal of staged events within the industry as "real" or "true", specifically competition, rivalries, and relationships between participants. The term has evolved to become a code word ...
in its articles as it traditionally treated all " angles", or storylines, as real. However, in more recent years the magazine has taken an editorial approach between kayfabe and " shoot" writing, differentiating between on-screen feuds and controversies behind the scenes. ''PWI'' is not limited to covering only prominent
professional wrestling promotion A professional wrestling promotion is a company or business that regularly performs shows involving professional wrestling. "Promotion" also describes a role which entails management, advertising and logistics of running a wrestling event. Within ...
s, as it also covers multiple
independent promotions In professional wrestling, the independent circuit (often shortened to the indie circuit or the indies) is the collective name of independently owned promotions which are deemed to be smaller and more regionalized than major national promotions. ...
in the
United States The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 ...
. ''PWI'' also published other special issues, which included: ''PWI Wrestling Almanac & Book of Facts'' since 1996, ''Women of Wrestling'', and a weekly newsletter entitled ''PWI Weekly'' from 1989 to 2000.


Yearly awards

''PWI'' has given out annual awards and recognitions since its inception. These awards had previously been given out by another ''Victory Sports Magazine'' property, ''Sports Review Wrestling''. ''PWI'' has also given out monthly rankings for big promotions, some select independent promotions, and overall rankings in singles and tag teams divisions. Additionally, readers are given the ability to vote for the winners of the year-end awards with ballots being included in special year-end issues. A special ''PWI Awards Magazine'' is issued annually, which reveals winners and the number of votes counted. The following is a list of categories in which ''PWI'' has issued awards. * Wrestler of the Year (since 1972) * Tag Team of the Year (since 1972) * Match of the Year (since 1972) * Feud of the Year (since 1986) * Most Popular Wrestler of the Year (since 1972) * Most Hated Wrestler of the Year (since 1972) *
Most Improved Wrestler of the Year This is a list of both active and inactive ''Pro Wrestling Illustrated'' awards which are voted on by ''Pro Wrestling Illustrated'' (''PWI'') readers every year from 1972 onwards, expanding to more categories in later years. Unlike other wrestling ...
(since 1978) * Most Inspirational Wrestler of the Year (since 1972) * Rookie of the Year (since 1972) * Stanley Weston Award (since 1981) * Comeback of the Year (since 1992) * Woman of the Year (1972 to 1976, re-established in 2000) * Manager of the Year (1972 to 1999) * Midget Wrestler of the Year (1972 to 1976) * Announcer of the Year (1977)


World championship status


Historical recognition

Although many wrestling organizations promote their lead title as a world heavyweight championship, ''Pro Wrestling Illustrated'' (''PWI'') has only recognized a few championships as valid world titles at any one time. ''PWI'' has also generally recognized the main tag team title from any promotion with a recognized world heavyweight championship as being a
world tag team championship In professional wrestling, a championship or title is a recognition promoted by professional wrestling organizations. Championship reigns are determined by professional wrestling matches, in which competitors are involved in predetermined rival ...
(unless named otherwise by the promotion) and certain other select titles from those promotions as world championships. In 1983, ''PWI'' withdrew world title recognition from the WWF World Heavyweight Championship, citing how champion Bob Backlund was not facing contenders from outside the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) territory and was only facing rulebreakers.Item: "Those Samoans Are Tough – Especially The Fourteenth Time!" 1983 Year In Review. Pro Wrestling Illustrated March 1984 This coincided with the WWF's withdrawal from the
National Wrestling Alliance The National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) is an American professional wrestling professional wrestling promotion, promotion and governing body owned by Billy Corgan and operated by its parent company Lightning One, Inc. Founded in 1948, the NWA be ...
(NWA) in summer 1983. ''PWI'' reinstated the WWF's world title recognition retroactively in 1985 on account of the WWF's massive mainstream media profile. The AWA World Heavyweight Championship was stripped of its world title status in January 1991 when the American Wrestling Association (AWA) was in its final days. By this time, the championship was vacant and would remain so until the promotion's closure. Until March 1991, ''PWI'' and its sister publications steadfastly referred to
World Championship Wrestling World Championship Wrestling (WCW) was an American professional wrestling promotion founded by Ted Turner in 1988, after Turner Broadcasting System, through a subsidiary named Universal Wrestling Corporation, purchased the assets of National W ...
(WCW) as "the NWA" despite WCW having increasingly phased out the latter name in the preceding months. In spring 1991, the family of magazines adopted a new policy of referring to the current promotion and its champions as WCW and the promotion's pre-1991 past as the NWA. The magazine also announced it would refer to the overall history of the promotion's world title as the "NWA/WCW World Championship" (and likewise with other WCW championships).Editorial, Wrestling '91, Spring 1991 edition ''PWI'' generally traced the lineage of the NWA/WCW World Championship back to George Hackenschmidt's title victory in 1905, rather than the creation of the
NWA Worlds Heavyweight Championship The NWA World's Heavyweight Championship is a men's professional wrestling Professional wrestling championship#World championships, world heavyweight championship owned and promoted by the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA), an American professiona ...
in 1948. Subsequently, after
Ric Flair Richard Morgan Fliehr (born February 25, 1949), known professionally as Ric Flair, is an American retired professional wrestler. Widely regarded as one of the greatest professional wrestlers of all time, Flair's career spanned 50 years. He is ...
left WCW and was stripped of the WCW World Heavyweight Championship in July 1991, ''PWI'' and its sister publications nonetheless continued to recognize the WCW title as held by
Lex Luger Lawrence Wendell Pfohl (born June 2, 1958), better known by the ring name Lex Luger, is an American retired Professional wrestling, professional wrestler, bodybuilder, and gridiron football player. He is best known for his work with Jim Crocke ...
, Sting, Vader, and Ron Simmons as the rightful continuation of the historic NWA Worlds Heavyweight Championship. When Masa Chono won an NWA world title tournament in Japan in August 1992, ''PWI'' and its sister publications only recognized Chono's title as the "NWA Championship" and rejected it as a world title or as a continuation of the historic NWA Worlds Heavyweight Championship. ''PWI'' initially did not recognize the ECW World Heavyweight Championship as a world title but granted the championship and the promotion world title status in 1999.


Current recognition

Since 2023, ''Pro Wrestling Illustrated'' (''PWI'') recognizes the WWE Championship, World Heavyweight Championship, AEW World Championship,
Impact World Championship The TNA World Championship is a professional wrestling Professional wrestling championship#World championships, world championship created and promoted by Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA). It is the promotion's principal championship. Like mo ...
, ROH World Championship, MLW World Heavyweight Championship, and
NWA Worlds Heavyweight Championship The NWA World's Heavyweight Championship is a men's professional wrestling Professional wrestling championship#World championships, world heavyweight championship owned and promoted by the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA), an American professiona ...
from the
United States The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 ...
, the AAA Mega Championship and CMLL World Heavyweight Championship from
Mexico Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in North America. It is the northernmost country in Latin America, and borders the United States to the north, and Guatemala and Belize to the southeast; while having maritime boundar ...
, as well as the IWGP World Heavyweight Championship, Triple Crown Heavyweight Championship, World of Stardom Championship, and GHC Heavyweight Championship from
Japan Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean off the northeast coast of the Asia, Asian mainland, it is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan and extends from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea ...
as world heavyweight championships. ''PWI'' later additionally recognized the independent wrestling titles the Independent Wrestling World Championship and the Pan-Afrikan World Diaspora Wrestling Championship as world championships.


List of all recognized world heavyweight championships

According to the annual ''PWI'' almanac, ''PWI'' still recognizes select world title reigns from May 4, 1905 – January 28, 1946, before the formation of the
National Wrestling Alliance The National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) is an American professional wrestling professional wrestling promotion, promotion and governing body owned by Billy Corgan and operated by its parent company Lightning One, Inc. Founded in 1948, the NWA be ...
(NWA) in July 1948,PWI Almanac 1996 NWA World Heavyweight Championship lineage mostly conforming to the lineage traditionally traced backwards 1948-1905 by the NWA for their World Heavyweight Championship.


Rankings


''PWI 500''

''PWI'' has published the list of the top 500 professional wrestlers each year since 1991 in an annual special edition magazine, the ''PWI 500''. ''PWI'' writers choose the position of the wrestler following a designated evaluation period starting from mid-June; anything a wrestler accomplished before or after that period is not considered. They follow a criterion that includes win–loss record, championships won, quality of competition, major feuds, prominence within a wrestler's promotion(s), and overall wrestling ability. , L. A. Park has been ranked in the most editions of the ''PWI 500'', with 30 appearances.
John Cena John Felix Anthony Cena ( ; born April 23, 1977) is an American actor and professional wrestler. As a wrestler, he has been signed to WWE , where he is the current WWE Championship, Undisputed WWE Champion in his record 14th reign, which is ...
and
Seth Rollins Colby Daniel Lopez (born May 28, 1986), better known by the ring name Seth Rollins, is an American Professional wrestling, professional wrestler. He is signed to WWE, where he performs on the Raw (WWE brand), Raw WWE brand extension, brand and ...
have the most appearances at number one, with three. John Cena has the most appearances in the top 10, with 13. In 1993, Miss Texas (Jacqueline Moore) became the first woman to be ranked in the list, at number 249. Since 2008, men and women have had separate lists.


''PWI Women's 250''

''PWI'' has published a list of the top female professional wrestlers each year since 2008 in a special edition magazine. As with the list of male professional wrestlers, ''PWI'' writers choose the wrestler's position following a designated evaluation period starting from mid-June; anything a wrestler accomplished before or after that period is not considered. The list was originally limited to 50 wrestlers and was referred to as the ''Female 50''. It has since been expanded and renamed to ''Women's 100'' in 2018 and ''Women's 150'' in 2021. It was expanded and renamed to ''Women's 250'' in 2023.


''PWI Tag Team 100''

''PWI'' has published a list of the top tag teams since 2020. ''PWI'' writers rank the wrestlers following a designated evaluation period starting from October; a minimum of 10 matches or 4 months as a tag team is required. The ranking included both male and female tag teams.


References


External links

* {{Kappa Publishing Group Monthly magazines published in the United States Sports magazines published in the United States Magazines established in 1979 Magazines published in Pennsylvania Professional wrestling magazines