The Ottoman–Persian War of 1775–1776 (or Ottoman–Iranian War of 1775–1776) was fought between the

Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empire, was an empire, imperial realm that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Centr ...

and the

Zand dynasty The Zand dynasty () was an Iranian dynasty, founded by Karim Khan Zand (1751–1779) that initially ruled southern and central Iran in the 18th century. It later expanded to include much of the rest of contemporary Iran (except for the provi ...

Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) and also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Iraq to the west, Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Armenia to the northwest, the Caspian Sea to the north, Turkmenistan to the nort ...

. The Iranians, ruled by

Karim Khan Mohammad Karim Khan Zand (; ) was the founder of the Zand dynasty, ruling all of Iran (Persia) except for Khorasan from 1751 to 1779. He also ruled over some of the Caucasian lands and occupied Basra for some years. While Karim was ruler, Ir ...

and led by his brother Sadeq Khan Zand, invaded southern Iraq and after besieging

Basra Basra () is a port city in Iraq, southern Iraq. It is the capital of the eponymous Basra Governorate, as well as the List of largest cities of Iraq, third largest city in Iraq overall, behind Baghdad and Mosul. Located near the Iran–Iraq bor ...

for a year, took the city from the Ottomans in 1776. The Ottomans, unable to send troops, were dependent on the Mamluk governors to defend that region. In an attempt to raise troops and provisions for this war,

Ottoman Sultan The sultans of the Ottoman Empire (), who were all members of the Ottoman dynasty (House of Osman), ruled over the Boundaries between the continents, transcontinental empire from its perceived inception in 1299 to Dissolution of the Ottoman Em ...

Abdülhamid I, made Suleiman al-Jalili ''mubayaaci'' (official of provisions), ordering him to send provisions to

Baghdad Baghdad ( or ; , ) is the capital and List of largest cities of Iraq, largest city of Iraq, located along the Tigris in the central part of the country. With a population exceeding 7 million, it ranks among the List of largest cities in the A ...

, which he ignored, instead he restricted merchants from selling their goods. As a result, the Iranians held

until 1779 when the Ottomans, under Sulayman Agha, retook the city, following Karim Khan's death.Dionisius A. Agius, ''In the Wake of the Dhow: The Arabian Gulf and Oman'', (Ithaca Press, 2010), 15.

References

Sources

* * * * Perry, John R., ''Karīm Khān Zand: a history of Iran, 1747–1779'' University of Chicago Press, 1979, and One World Publications, 2006 . * Malcolm, John, Sir, ''The history of Persia, from the most early period to the present time containing an account of the religion, government, usages, and character of the inhabitants of that kingdom'' in 2 volumes; London : Murray, 1815.; re-published by Adamant Media Corporation 2004 vol 1. ; vol. 2 . * * * Ottoman–Persian Wars Conflicts in 1775 Conflicts in 1776 1770s in Iran 1775 in the Ottoman Empire 1776 in the Ottoman Empire Military history of Basra 18th century in Ottoman Iraq Wars involving the Zand dynasty {{Iraq-hist-stub

See also

References

Sources