Osmangazi is a municipality and

district A district is a type of administrative division that in some countries is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or county, counties, several municipality, municip ...

Bursa Province Bursa Province () is a Provinces of Turkey, province and Metropolitan municipalities in Turkey, metropolitan municipality in Turkey along the Sea of Marmara coast in northwestern Anatolia. It borders Balıkesir Province, Balıkesir to the west, K ...

Turkey Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north; Georgia (country), Georgia, Armen ...

. Its area is 621 km², and its population is 891,250 (2022). It is one of the central metropolitan districts of the city of

Bursa Bursa () is a city in northwestern Turkey and the administrative center of Bursa Province. The fourth-most populous city in Turkey and second-most populous in the Marmara Region, Bursa is one of the industrial centers of the country. Most of ...

, as well as the fourth largest overall municipality in

. On its own, it would be the 28th largest city in Turkey. The district has been shaped by several civilizations:

Rome Rome (Italian language, Italian and , ) is the capital city and most populated (municipality) of Italy. It is also the administrative centre of the Lazio Regions of Italy, region and of the Metropolitan City of Rome. A special named with 2, ...

, Byzantines, Seljuqians, and

Ottomans Ottoman may refer to: * Osman I, historically known in English as "Ottoman I", founder of the Ottoman Empire * Osman II, historically known in English as "Ottoman II" * Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empir ...

. The first marks of the Ottoman Empire exist within Osmangazi where it extended from the foot of

Uludağ Uludağ (), the ancient Mysian or Bithynian Olympus ( Greek: Όλυμπος), is a mountain in Bursa Province, Turkey, with an elevation of . In Turkish, ''Uludağ'' means "great mountain". In ancient times the range of which it is a part, e ...

to the plain of Bursa. Within the boundaries of Osmangazi, approximately 1800 registered historical buildings exist.

History

It was stated that there were various settlements in Bursa and its surroundings by 4000 B.C. But the certain information related to the region belongs to 700 B.C.

Homer Homer (; , ; possibly born ) was an Ancient Greece, Ancient Greek poet who is credited as the author of the ''Iliad'' and the ''Odyssey'', two epic poems that are foundational works of ancient Greek literature. Despite doubts about his autho ...

called the region

Mysia Mysia (UK , US or ; ; ; ) was a region in the northwest of ancient Asia Minor (Anatolia, Asian part of modern Turkey). It was located on the south coast of the Sea of Marmara. It was bounded by Bithynia on the east, Phrygia on the southeast, Lyd ...

. There are two villages that are ancient Mysia settlements: Misi (Gümüştepe) and Misebolu. The region is called

Phrygia In classical antiquity, Phrygia ( ; , ''Phrygía'') was a kingdom in the west-central part of Anatolia, in what is now Asian Turkey, centered on the Sangarios River. Stories of the heroic age of Greek mythology tell of several legendary Ph ...

in historical geography. It is known that

Cimmerians The Cimmerians were an Ancient Iranian peoples, ancient Eastern Iranian languages, Eastern Iranian peoples, Iranic Eurasian nomads, equestrian nomadic people originating in the Pontic–Caspian steppe, part of whom subsequently migrated into W ...

, fleeing from the migration of the

Scythians The Scythians ( or ) or Scyths (, but note Scytho- () in composition) and sometimes also referred to as the Pontic Scythians, were an Ancient Iranian peoples, ancient Eastern Iranian languages, Eastern Iranian peoples, Iranian Eurasian noma ...

, put an end to Phrygian sovereignty. The name of Bursa comes from the founder of this city, Prussias, the King of

Bithynia Bithynia (; ) was an ancient region, kingdom and Roman province in the northwest of Asia Minor (present-day Turkey), adjoining the Sea of Marmara, the Bosporus, and the Black Sea. It bordered Mysia to the southwest, Paphlagonia to the northeast a ...

. The Bithynians, who migrated to the region in 7th century B.C., used the name Bithynia. It was pointed out that one of the most important commanders that

Carthage Carthage was an ancient city in Northern Africa, on the eastern side of the Lake of Tunis in what is now Tunisia. Carthage was one of the most important trading hubs of the Ancient Mediterranean and one of the most affluent cities of the classic ...

had recommended the establishment of the City of Prusias and Olympus to King Prusian I. in 185 B.C. By that time, "Prusa" has been transformed to Bursa. When Bithynia joined the

Roman Empire The Roman Empire ruled the Mediterranean and much of Europe, Western Asia and North Africa. The Roman people, Romans conquered most of this during the Roman Republic, Republic, and it was ruled by emperors following Octavian's assumption of ...

in 74 B.C., it became the Asian Province that was governed by

proconsuls A proconsul was an official of ancient Rome who acted on behalf of a consul. A proconsul was typically a former consul. The term is also used in recent history for officials with delegated authority. In the Roman Republic, military command, or ' ...

(head of the province), who were appointed in

. Bursa was under the sovereignty of the

Byzantine Empire The Byzantine Empire, also known as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Roman Empire centred on Constantinople during late antiquity and the Middle Ages. Having survived History of the Roman Empire, the events that caused the ...

between 385-1326 A.D. The city became a thermal city after the

thermal baths A spa is a location where mineral-rich spring water (sometimes seawater) is used to give medicinal baths. Spa health treatments are known as balneotherapy. The belief in the curative powers of mineral waters and hot springs goes back to prehis ...

while

silk Silk is a natural fiber, natural protein fiber, some forms of which can be weaving, woven into textiles. The protein fiber of silk is composed mainly of fibroin and is most commonly produced by certain insect larvae to form cocoon (silk), c ...

production in the region started in 550 A.D. Bursa was seized by

Osman I Osman I or Osman Ghazi (; or ''Osman Gazi''; died 1323/4) was the eponymous founder of the Ottoman Empire (first known as a bey, beylik or emirate). While initially a small Turkoman (ethnonym), Turkoman principality during Osman's lifetime, h ...

in 1307 and conquered by

Orhan Orhan Ghazi (; , also spelled Orkhan; died 1362) was the second sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1323/4 to 1362. He was born in Söğüt, as the son of Osman I. In the early stages of his reign, Orhan focused his energies on conquering mos ...

, the son of Osman I, on 6 April 1335. The capital of the empire was moved to Bursa in 1335 and new development movements were initiated. When Bursa was conquered, the city consisted of the inner castle, but Orhan had the Orhan Gazi Complex built out of the town. Public buildings such as mosques, baths, soup houses, hospitals,

madrasahs Madrasa (, also , ; Arabic: مدرسة , ), sometimes romanized as madrasah or madrassa, is the Arabic word for any type of educational institution, secular or religious (of any religion), whether for elementary education or higher learning. ...

were built out of the walls, where new settlements had been created, hence a new tradition of settling area had been established. Right after the conquest of Istanbul by Sultan

Mehmed II Mehmed II (; , ; 30 March 14323 May 1481), commonly known as Mehmed the Conqueror (; ), was twice the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from August 1444 to September 1446 and then later from February 1451 to May 1481. In Mehmed II's first reign, ...

., the active role of Bursa and its qualification as the administrative center had faded away. There are no buildings surviving from the Roman and Byzantine era. It is believed that the walls surrounding the city were built by Bithynians and used by the Romans, Byzantines, and Ottomans after maintenance. Bursa had developed more than other cities in the first two centuries of Ottoman rule. It was filled with a number of architectural structures and became a trade city as well as a science city, where various famous madrasahs were located. Hüdavendigar Complex of Sultan Murat I., Yıldırım Complex of Sultan Bayezid I., and Green Complex all began their construction under Sultan Mehmed I. and were finished by Sultan

Murad II Murad II (, ; June 1404 – 3 February 1451) was twice the sultan of the Ottoman Empire, from 1421 to 1444 and from 1446 to 1451. Early life Murad was born in June 1404 to Mehmed I, while the identity of his mother is disputed according to v ...

. They affected the spatial development of Bursa and still exist to this day. Industrialization within the city was accelerated in the

republican era Republican can refer to: Political ideology * An advocate of a republic, a type of government that is not a monarchy or dictatorship, and is usually associated with the rule of law. ** Republicanism, the ideology in support of republics or agains ...

, so that the population and the urban development of the city changed in the 1960s. The geographical location and the agricultural and industrial potential have increased the attraction of the city.

Geography

Osmangazi, the center of social and economic relations for years, is in the crossroad of roads to İzmir, İstanbul and Eskişehir. Osmangazi is the biggest district of Bursa that is on the southwest coast of

Marmara Sea The Sea of Marmara, also known as the Sea of Marmora or the Marmara Sea, is a small inland sea entirely within the borders of Turkey. It links the Black Sea and the Aegean Sea via the Bosporus and Dardanelles straits, separating Turkey's E ...

. Gökdere River on the east, Nilüfer River and Mudanya Road on the west, Katırlı Mountains on the north, Uludağ and Kirazlı Plateau are the natural and artificial boundaries of the district.

Composition

There are 136

neighbourhoods A neighbourhood (Commonwealth English) or neighborhood (American English) is a geographically localized community within a larger town, city, suburb or rural area, sometimes consisting of a single street and the buildings lining it. Neighbourh ...

in Osmangazi District: * Adalet * Ahmetbey * Ahmetpaşa * Akpınar * Aksungur * Aktarhüssam * Alacahırka * Alacamescit * Alaşar * Alattin * Alemdar * Alipaşa * Altınova * Altıparmak * Armutköy * Atıcılar * Avdancık * Bağlarbaşı * Bağlı * Bahar * Başaran * Büyükdeliler * Çağlayan * Çaybaşı * Çekirge * Çeltikköy * Çiftehavuzlar * Çirişhane * Çırpan * Çukurcaköy * Dağakçaköy * Demirkapı * Demirtaş Barbaros * Demirtaş Cumhuriyet * Demirtaş Sakarya * Demirtaşpaşa * Dereçavuş * Dilkaldırım * Dobruca * Doğanbey * Doğancı * Doğanevler * Dumlupınar * Dürdane * Ebu İshak * Elmasbahçeler * Emek Adnanmenderes * Emek Fatihsultanmehmet * Emek Zekaigümüşdiş * Fatih * Gaziakdemir * Geçit * Gökçeören * Gülbahçe * Gündoğdu * Güneştepe * Güneybayırı * Güneybudaklar * Hacıilyas * Hamitler * Hamzabey * Hocaalizade * Hocahasan * Hüdavendiğar * Hürriyet * Hüseyinalanı * İbrahimpaşa * İnkaya * İntizam * İsmetiye * İstiklal * İvazpaşa * Karabalçık * Karaislah * Kavaklı * Kayhan * Kemerçeşme * Kirazlı * Kırcaali * Kiremitci * Kocanaip * Kovukçınar * Küçükbalıklı * Küçükdeliller * Kükürtlü * Küplüpınar * Kuruçeşme * Maksen * Mehmet Akif * Mollafenari * Mollagürani * Muradiye * Mürseller * Nalbantoğlu * Namıkkemal * Nilüfer * Orhanbey * Osmangazi * Ovaakça Çeşmebaşı * Ovaakça Eğitim * Ovaakça Merkez * Ovaakça Santral * Panayır * Pınarbaşı * Reyhan * Sakarya * Santralgaraj * Seçköy * Seferışıklar * Şehabettinpaşa * Şehreküstü * Selamet * Selçukgazi * Selimiye * Sırameşeler * Soğanlı * Soğukkuyu * Soğukpınar * Süleymaniye * Tahtakale * Tayakadın * Tuna * Tuzaklı * Tuzpazarı * Ulu * Uluçam * Veyselkarani * Yahşibey * Yenibağlar * Yeniceabat * Yenikaraman * Yenikent * Yeşilova * Yiğitali * Yunuseli * Zafer

Economy

The following types of industries exist in Osmangazi: automotive supply industry,

textile Textile is an Hyponymy and hypernymy, umbrella term that includes various Fiber, fiber-based materials, including fibers, yarns, Staple (textiles)#Filament fiber, filaments, Thread (yarn), threads, and different types of #Fabric, fabric. ...

towel A towel () is a piece of absorption (chemistry), absorbent cloth or paper used for drying or wiping a surface. Towels draw moisture through direct contact. Bathing towels and hand towels are usually made of cotton, linen, bamboo and Microfiber, ...

, knitter & tricot, shoe industry,

agricultural machine Agricultural machinery relates to the mechanical structures and devices used in farming or other agriculture. There are many types of such equipment, from hand tools and power tools to tractors and the farm implements that they tow or operate. M ...

furniture Furniture refers to objects intended to support various human activities such as seating (e.g., Stool (seat), stools, chairs, and sofas), eating (table (furniture), tables), storing items, working, and sleeping (e.g., beds and hammocks). Furnitur ...

leather Leather is a strong, flexible and durable material obtained from the tanning (leather), tanning, or chemical treatment, of animal skins and hides to prevent decay. The most common leathers come from cattle, sheep, goats, equine animals, buffal ...

, plastic, machine and

metal industry Metalworking is the process of shaping and reshaping metals in order to create useful objects, parts, assemblies, and large scale structures. As a term, it covers a wide and diverse range of processes, skills, and tools for producing objects on e ...

, electric, foundry,

welding machine A welding power supply is a device that provides or modulates an electric current to perform arc welding.- - There are multiple arc welding processes ranging from Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) to inert shielding gas like Gas metal arc weldin ...

, stove and knife sectors. Moreover, there are also oil and flour factories.

Education

Two vocational high schools are located in the district,

Bursa Sports High School Bursa Sports High School (), full name Bursa BTSO Celal Sönmez Spor Lisesi (BTSO is for Bursa Commerce and Industry Chamber), is a government-funded co-educational comprehensive and specialist secondary school, with speciality in sports, locate ...

at Sevgi St. in Veysel Karani neighborhood, and

Bursa Agriculture Vocational High School Bursa Agriculture Vocational High School (), also known as Hamidiye Vocational and Technical Anatolian High School ("Hamidiye Mesleki ve Teknik Anadolu Lisesi") is a vocational high school for agriculture in Bursa, Turkey. It was established duri ...

at Hürriyer St. in YeniKaraman neighborhood.

Main sights

* Reşat Oyal Culture Park, which is the symbol of Bursa, * İnkaya Plane which is the natural monument of 500 years old, * Tophane Slopes, * Kozahan, which is located between Ulu Mosque and Orhan Mosque, * Emirhan which was built by Orhan Bey in 1340, Muradiye Complex which is composed of madrasah, school, soup house, bath and mosque, and more than twenty tombs including

Murat II Murad II (, ; June 1404 – 3 February 1451) was twice the sultan of the Ottoman Empire, from 1421 to 1444 and from 1446 to 1451. Early life Murad was born in June 1404 to Mehmed I, while the identity of his mother is disputed according to v ...

. and

Cem Sultan Cem Sultan (also spelled Djem or Jem) or Sultan Cem or Şehzade Cem (22 December 1459 – 25 February 1495, ; ; ; ), was a claimant to the Ottoman throne in the 15th century. Cem was the third son of Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror, Mehmed II and ...

, *

Hüdavendigar Mosque Hüdavendigar Mosque or Murat I, the Hüdavendigar Mosque ( or ) is a historic mosque in Bursa, Turkey, that is part of the large complex (külliye) built by the Ottoman Sultan, Murad I, between 1365–1385 and is also named after the same sulta ...

, *

Grand Mosque of Bursa The Grand Mosque of Bursa () is a historic mosque in Bursa, Turkey. It was commissioned by the Ottoman Sultan Bayezid I to commemorate his great victory at the Battle of Nicopolis and built between 1396 and 1399. The mosque is a major monument o ...

, which is the sample of multi-pillared and multi-domed mosques, * Merinos City Park, * Botanical Park, * Soğanlı Zoo, * Pınarbaşı Park, * Soğukkuyu Park, * Hamitler Park, * Cable Water Ski Center.

Historical monuments

International relations

Twin towns — sister cities

Osmangazi is twinned with: * Agios Sergios, Cyprus *

Aleppo Aleppo is a city in Syria, which serves as the capital of the Aleppo Governorate, the most populous Governorates of Syria, governorate of Syria. With an estimated population of 2,098,000 residents it is Syria's largest city by urban area, and ...

, Syria *

Arriana Arriana () is a municipality in the Rhodope regional unit, Greece. The seat of the municipality is in Fillyra. Municipality The municipality Arriana was formed at the 2011 local government reform by the merger of the following 4 former municipal ...

, Greece *

Beit Hanoun Beit Hanoun or Beit Hanun () is a Palestinian city on the northeast edge of the Gaza Strip. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, the town had a population of 52,237 in 2017. As a result of the ongoing Gaza war, Beit Hanou ...

, Palestine * Čair (Skopje), North Macedonia * Galateia, Cyprus *

Gaza City Gaza City, also called Gaza, is a city in the Gaza Strip, Palestine, and the capital of the Gaza Governorate. Located on the Mediterranean coast, southwest of Jerusalem, it was home to Port of Gaza, Palestine's only port. With a population of ...

, Palestine *

Jericho Jericho ( ; , ) is a city in the West Bank, Palestine, and the capital of the Jericho Governorate. Jericho is located in the Jordan Valley, with the Jordan River to the east and Jerusalem to the west. It had a population of 20,907 in 2017. F ...

, Palestine *

Kapchagay Qonayev ( ), also known as Konaev () and by other names, is a city in southeastern Kazakhstan. It is the seat of government for the Almaty Region. The population was and Names is the Latin form of the Kazakh name ; is the romanizati ...

, Kazakhstan *

Kardzhali Kardzhali ( , ''Kărdžali''; ), sometimes spelt Kardžali or Kurdzhali, is List of cities and towns in Bulgaria, a town in the Eastern Rhodopes in Bulgaria, centre of Kardzhali Municipality and Kardzhali Province. The noted Kardzhali Reservoir is ...

, Bulgaria * Lahn-Dill (district), Germany * Mamuša, Kosovo *

Obilić Obilić may refer to: * Miloš Obilić, a medieval Serbian knight who died in 1389 * Obilić, Kosovo, a town and municipality in central Kosovo * Obilić, Bojnik, a village in Serbia * Obilić Medal, founded in 1847 by Njegoš as the highest mi ...

, Kosovo *

Omurtag Omurtag (or Omortag) (died 831) also known as Murtag or Murtagon (; Веселин Бешевлиев, Първобългарски надписи. 2ed. София 1992. Chapter: VI. Възспоменателни надписи, Inscriptio) was a ...

, Bulgaria *

Preševo Preševo ( sr-Cyrl, Прешево, ; , ) is a town and municipality located in the Pčinja District of southern Serbia. As of the 2022 census, the municipality has a population of 33,449 inhabitants. It is the southernmost town in Central Serbia a ...

, Serbia * Shaki, Azerbaijan * Stari Grad (Sarajevo), Bosnia and Herzegovina *

Topeiros Topeiros () is a municipality in the Xanthi (regional unit), Xanthi regional unit, Greece. The municipality has an area of 312.493 km2 and a population 9,473 (2021). The seat of the municipality is in Evlalo. History Topeiros was an Thracians, anc ...

, Greece * Turakurgan, Uzbekistan

Notable people

Hakan Arslan Hakan Arslan (born 18 July 1988) is a Turkish footballer who plays as a midfielder for Serik Belediyespor. Playing career Arslan is a youth product of İstanbul Güngörenspor having joined their youth academy in 1998, and started his profess ...

(born 1989), professional footballer * Mert Hakan Yandaş (born 1994), professional footballer *

Enes Ünal Enes Ünal (born 10 May 1997) is a Turkish professional footballer who plays as a forward for club AFC Bournemouth and the Turkey national team. Ünal scored on his Süper Lig debut on 25 August 2013 for Bursaspor against Galatasaray, mak ...

(born 1997), professional footballer *

Emirhan Aydoğan Emirhan Aydoğan (born 26 June 1997) is a Turkish association football, footballer who plays as a midfielder for Sarıyer S.K., Sarıyer. Club career He made his professional debut in the Süper Lig for Bursaspor on 7 May 2016 in a game against ...

(born 1997), professional footballer *

Altay Bayındır Altay Bayındır (born 14 April 1998) is a Turkish professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for club Manchester United and the Turkey national team. Club career Ankaragücü Bayındır made his Süper Lig debut for Ankaragücü in a ...

(born 1998), professional footballer

References

External links

Osmangazi Municipality

Osmangazi Municipality the EU Coordination Center

Web Tasarım
{{Authority control Cities in Turkey Populated places in Bursa Province Metropolitan district municipalities in Turkey Districts of Bursa Province