Glycylpeptide N-tetradecanoyltransferase 2 known also as N-myristoyltransferase, is an
enzyme
Enzymes () are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different molecules known as products. A ...
(EC: 2.3.1.97) that in humans is encoded by the ''NMT2''
gene
In biology, the word gene (from , ; "...Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a ba ...
.
Function
N-myristoyltransferase (NMT) catalyzes the reaction of N-terminal
myristoylation
Myristoylation is a lipidation modification where a myristoyl group, derived from myristic acid, is covalently attached by an amide bond to the alpha-amino group of an N-terminus, N-terminal glycine residue. Myristic acid is a 14-carbon saturat ...
of many
signaling protein
In biology, cell signaling (cell signalling in British English) or cell communication is the ability of a cell to receive, process, and transmit signals with its environment and with itself. Cell signaling is a fundamental property of all cellula ...
s. It transfers
myristic acid
Myristic acid (IUPAC name: tetradecanoic acid) is a common saturated fatty acid with the molecular formula CH3(CH2)12COOH. Its salts and esters are commonly referred to as myristates or tetradecanoates. It is named after the binomial name for nutm ...
from myristoyl
coenzyme A
Coenzyme A (CoA, SHCoA, CoASH) is a coenzyme, notable for its role in the synthesis and oxidation of fatty acids, and the oxidation of pyruvate in the citric acid cycle. All genomes sequenced to date encode enzymes that use coenzyme A as a subs ...
to the amino group of a protein's N-terminal glycine residue. Biochemical evidence indicates the presence of several distinct NMTs, varying in apparent molecular weight and /or subcellular distribution. The 496-amino acid of human NMT2 protein shares 77% and 96% sequence identity with human NMT1 and mouse Nmt2 comprise two distinct families of N-myristoyltransferases.
Interactions
NMT2 has been shown to
interact
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with:
*
caspase 3
Caspase-3 is a caspase protein that interacts with caspase-8 and caspase-9. It is encoded by the ''CASP3'' gene. ''CASP3'' orthologs have been identified in numerous mammals for which complete genome data are available. Unique orthologs are also p ...
*
MARCKS
Myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''MARCKS'' gene.
It plays important roles in cell shape, cell motility, secretion, transmembrane transport, regulation of the cell cycle, and neural devel ...
See also
*
N-myristoyltransferase 1
Glycylpeptide N-tetradecanoyltransferase 1 also known as myristoyl-CoA:protein N-myristoyltransferase 1 (NMT-1) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''NMT1'' gene. It belongs to the protein N-terminal methyltransferase and glycylpeptide N ...
References
Further reading
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External links
PDBe-KBprovides an overview of all the structure information available in the PDB for Human Glycylpeptide N-tetradecanoyltransferase 2 (NMT2)
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