Nowa Góra (en. ''New Mountain'') is a village in Poland in

Gmina Krzeszowice __NOTOC__ Gmina Krzeszowice is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kraków County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Krzeszowice, which lies approximately west of the regional capital Kraków. Th ...

Kraków County __NOTOC__ Kraków County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 199 ...

Lesser Poland Voivodeship Lesser Poland Voivodeship ( ) is a voivodeships of Poland, voivodeship in southern Poland. It has an area of , and a population of 3,404,863 (2019). Its capital and largest city is Kraków. The province's name recalls the traditional name of a h ...

. In the years 1975–1998 it was in Kraków Voivodeship. A former town, with a noticeable market square. The village was known as Złota Góra until the fire that destroyed the old village. A former

lead Lead () is a chemical element; it has Chemical symbol, symbol Pb (from Latin ) and atomic number 82. It is a Heavy metal (elements), heavy metal that is density, denser than most common materials. Lead is Mohs scale, soft and Ductility, malleabl ...

mine (until 17th-19th century). Population: 1563. It has a

Catholic The Catholic Church (), also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the List of Christian denominations by number of members, largest Christian church, with 1.27 to 1.41 billion baptized Catholics Catholic Church by country, worldwid ...

church Church may refer to: Religion * Church (building), a place/building for Christian religious activities and praying * Church (congregation), a local congregation of a Christian denomination * Church service, a formalized period of Christian comm ...

and

Jehovah's Witness Jehovah's Witnesses is a Christian denomination that is an outgrowth of the Bible Student movement founded by Charles Taze Russell in the nineteenth century. The denomination is nontrinitarian, millenarian, and restorationist. Russell co- ...

Kingdom Hall A Kingdom Hall is a place of worship used by Jehovah's Witnesses. The term was first suggested in 1935 by Joseph Franklin Rutherford, then president of the Watch Tower Society, for a building in Hawaii. Rutherford's reasoning was that these ...

.Kingdom Hall, Nowa Góra, ul. Polna 6
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Name

Jan Długosz Jan Długosz (; 1 December 1415 – 19 May 1480), also known in Latin as Johannes Longinus, was a Polish priest, chronicler, diplomat, soldier, and secretary to Bishop Zbigniew Oleśnicki of Kraków. He is considered Poland's first histo ...

, in his work ''Liber beneficiorum dioecesis Cracoviensis'' (1470–1480), presented the name of the village in two forms: Novomoncze and Nowa Gora.

History

The history of Nowa Gora dates back at least to early 13th century, as the village was burned during the disastrous Mongol invasion of Poland (1240s). Local Roman Catholic parish was established in 1313, and by mid-15th century, Nowa Gora was a

Magdeburg rights Magdeburg rights (, , ; also called Magdeburg Law) were a set of town privileges first developed by Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor (936–973) and based on the Flemish Law, which regulated the degree of internal autonomy within cities and villages gr ...

town: it is called oppidium in Liber Beneficiorum by

, who also wrote that Nowa Gora had a wooden church. Since

Middle Ages In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the 5th to the late 15th centuries, similarly to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire and ...

, Nowa Gora was known for its rich silver, lead and

calamine Calamine, also known as calamine lotion, is a medication made from powdered calamine (mineral), calamine mineral that is used to treat mild itchiness. Conditions treated include sunburn, insect bites, Toxicodendron radicans, poison ivy, poiso ...

deposits, with first mines existing here since the late 13th century (in Old Polish, the word "gora" meant both mountain and mine). For this reason, Dutch cartographer

Andreas Cellarius Andreas Cellarius (–1665) was a Dutch–German cartographer and cosmographer best known for his 1660 '' Harmonia Macrocosmica'', a major star atlas. Life He was born in Neuhausen, and was educated in Heidelberg. The Protestant Cellarius ...

mentioned Nowa Gora in his work Descriptio Poloniae, published in 1639 in

Amsterdam Amsterdam ( , ; ; ) is the capital of the Netherlands, capital and Municipalities of the Netherlands, largest city of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It has a population of 933,680 in June 2024 within the city proper, 1,457,018 in the City Re ...

. In the mid-17th century, iron ore used for cannonballs was excavated in Nowa Gora. Since the town enjoyed special attention of King Jan Kazimierz Waza, a monument of the king was erected at a local market square. Before the

Partitions of Poland The Partitions of Poland were three partition (politics), partitions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth that took place between 1772 and 1795, toward the end of the 18th century. They ended the existence of the state, resulting in the eli ...

, Nowa Gora was an important center of trade and mining, with population of 750. In the early 19th century, the town was part of the

Free City of Kraków The Free, Independent, and Strictly Neutral City of Cracow and its District, more commonly known as the Free City of Cracow () and the Republic of Cracow (), was a city republic created by the Congress of Vienna in 1815, which included the Poli ...

, which later was annexed into Austrian Galicia. One third of Nowa Gora burned in a great fire in 1801, after which wooden houses were replaced with brick ones. After the fire, however, resulted Nowa Gora completely lost its economic importance. Furthermore, none of the railways built in the 19th century reached the town, to the advantage of nearby

Krzeszowice Krzeszowice () is a town in southern Poland, situated in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship. As of 2004, its population was 9,993. Krzeszowice belongs to ''Kraków Metropolitan Area'', and lies 25 kilometers west of the center of the city of Krakó ...

. In search of jobs, residents of Nowa Gora left the town, settling mainly in

Siersza __NOTOC__ Gmina Trzebinia is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chrzanów County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzebinia, which lies approximately north-east of Chrzanów and west of the re ...

and

Trzebinia Trzebinia (; ''Tchebin'') is a town in Chrzanów County, Lesser Poland, Poland with an Orlen oil refinery and a major rail junction of the Kraków - Katowice line, with connections to Oświęcim and Spytkowice. The town became part of Lesser Pola ...

. Among points of interest, the town has a neo-Gothic parish church (1885–95), founded by the Potocki family, and column-monument of Jan Kazimierz Waza (17th century).

References

{{Gmina Krzeszowice Villages in Kraków County