Niven's laws were named after science fiction author
Larry Niven
Laurence van Cott Niven (; born April 30, 1938) is an American science fiction writer. His 1970 novel ''Ringworld'' won the Hugo Award for Best Novel, Hugo, Locus Award, Locus, Ditmar Award, Ditmar, and Nebula Award for Best Novel, Nebula award ...
, who has periodically published them as "how the Universe works" as far as he can tell. These were most recently rewritten on January 29, 2002 (and published in
''Analog'' magazine in the November 2002 issue). Among the rules are:
* Never fire a
laser
A laser is a device that emits light through a process of optical amplification based on the stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation. The word ''laser'' originated as an acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radi ...
at a mirror.
* Giving up freedom for security is beginning to look naïve. (This one is based on a quote - "Those who would give up essential Liberty, to purchase a little temporary Safety, deserve neither Liberty nor Safety," from
Benjamin Franklin
Benjamin Franklin (April 17, 1790) was an American polymath: a writer, scientist, inventor, statesman, diplomat, printer, publisher and Political philosophy, political philosopher.#britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Wood, 2021 Among the m ...
.)
* It is easier to destroy than to create.
* Ethics change with technology.
* The only universal message in science fiction: There exist minds that think as well as you do, but differently.
Others
Niven's Law (Time travel)
A different law is given this name in Niven's essay "The Theory and Practice of Time Travel":
:If the
universe of discourse
In the formal sciences, the domain of discourse or universe of discourse (borrowing from the mathematical concept of ''universe'') is the set of entities over which certain variables of interest in some formal treatment may range.
It is also ...
permits the possibility of
time travel
Time travel is the hypothetical activity of traveling into the past or future. Time travel is a concept in philosophy and fiction, particularly science fiction. In fiction, time travel is typically achieved through the use of a device known a ...
and of changing the past, then no time machine will be invented in that universe.
Hans Moravec
Hans Peter Moravec (born November 30, 1948, Kautzen, Austria) is a computer scientist and an adjunct faculty member at the Robotics Institute of Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, USA. He is known for his work on robotics, artificial inte ...
glosses this version of Niven's Law as follows:
:There is a spookier possibility: Suppose it is easy to send messages to the past, but that forward causality also holds (i.e. past events determine the future). In one way of reasoning about it, a message sent to the past will "alter" the entire history following its receipt, including the event that sent it, and thus the message itself. Thus altered, the message will change the past in a different way, and so on, until some "equilibrium" is reached – the simplest being the situation where no message at all is sent. Time travel may thus act to erase itself (an idea Larry Niven fans will recognize as "Niven's Law").
Ryan North
Ryan North (born October 20, 1980) is a Canadian writer and computer programmer.
He is the creator and author of ''Dinosaur Comics'', and has written for the comic series of ''Adventure Time'' and Marvel Comics' '' The Unbeatable Squirrel Girl'' ...
examines this law in
Dinosaur Comics
''Dinosaur Comics'' is a constrained webcomic by Canadian writer Ryan North. It is also known as "Qwantz", after the site's domain name, "qwantz.com". The first comic was posted on February 1, 2003, although there were earlier prototypes. ''Din ...
#1818.
This proposition is also extensively examined in
James P. Hogan's ''
Thrice Upon a Time
''Thrice Upon A Time'' is a science fiction novel by British writer James P. Hogan, first published in 1980. Unlike most other time travel stories, ''Thrice Upon A Time'' considers the ramifications of sending messages into the past and/or re ...
''.
Niven's Law (re: Clarke's Third Law)
Niven's Law is also a term given to the converse of
Clarke's third law, so Niven's Law reads: "Any sufficiently advanced magic is indistinguishable from technology." However, it has also been credited as being from
Terry Pratchett
Sir Terence David John Pratchett (28 April 1948 – 12 March 2015) was an English author, humorist, and Satire, satirist, best known for the ''Discworld'' series of 41 comic fantasy novels published between 1983 and 2015, and for the Apocalyp ...
. ''Keystone Folklore'' identifies it as a "fan-composed corollary slogan" of Arthur C. Clarke fans.
Gregory Benford
Gregory Benford (born January 30, 1941) is an American science fiction author and astrophysicist who is professor emeritus at the department of physics and astronomy at the University of California, Irvine. He is a contributing editor of ''Reason ...
in his January 30, 2013 "Variations on Clarke's Third Law" identifies it as a corollary to Clarke’s third law,
Both Clarke's Third Law and Niven's Law are referenced in the extended edition of the 1989 serial ''Battlefield'' from season 26 of ''
Doctor Who
''Doctor Who'' is a British science fiction television series broadcast by the BBC since 1963. The series, created by Sydney Newman, C. E. Webber and Donald Wilson (writer and producer), Donald Wilson, depicts the adventures of an extraterre ...
''. In this episode, the Doctor and his companion Ace have entered a trans-dimensional spaceship. While discussing the ship itself, the Doctor asks his companion if she knows Clarke's Law, which she then recites: "Any advanced form of technology is indistinguishable from magic." The Doctor replies that the reverse is true and Ace voices this, working through the inverse, "any advanced form of magic is indistinguishable from technology."
''Niven's Laws'' (stories)
''Niven's Laws'' is also the title of a 1984 collection of Niven's short stories.
Included in the 1989 collection
''N-Space'' are six laws titled ''Niven's Laws for Writers''. They are:
# Writers who write for other writers should write letters.
# Never be embarrassed or ashamed about anything you choose to write. (Think of this before you send it to a market.)
# Stories to end all stories on a given topic, don't.
# It is a sin to waste the reader's time.
# If you've nothing to say, say it any way you like. Stylistic innovations, contorted story lines or none, exotic or genderless pronouns, internal inconsistencies, the recipe for preparing your lover as a cannibal banquet: feel free. If what you have to say is important and/or difficult to follow, use the simplest language possible. If the reader doesn't get it, then let it not be your fault.
# Everybody talks first draft.
In the acknowledgments of his 2003 novel
''Conquistador'',
S.M. Stirling wrote:
:And a special acknowledgment to the author of Niven's Law: "There is a technical, literary term for those who mistake the opinions and beliefs of characters in a novel for those of the author. The term is 'idiot'."
''Niven's Laws'' (from ''Known Space'')
Drawn from ''Known Space: The Future Worlds of Larry Niven''
#
# Never fire a laser at a mirror.
# Mother Nature doesn't care if you're having fun.
#
The product of
Freedom and
Security is a constant. To gain more freedom of thought and/or action, you must give up some security, and vice versa.
#
Psi
Psi, PSI or Ψ may refer to:
Alphabetic letters
* Psi (Greek) (Ψ or ψ), the twenty-third letter of the Greek alphabet
* Psi (Cyrillic), letter of the early Cyrillic alphabet, adopted from Greek
Arts and entertainment
* "Psi" as an abbreviat ...
and/or magical powers, if real, are nearly useless.
# It is easier to destroy than create.
# Any damn fool can predict the past.
# History never repeats itself.
# Ethics change with technology.
# There ain't no justice. (often abbreviated to TANJ)
# Anarchy is the least stable of social structures. It falls apart at a touch.
# There is a time and place for tact. And there are times when tact is entirely misplaced.
# The ways of being human are bounded but infinite.
# The world's dullest subjects, in order:
# The only universal message in science fiction: There exist minds that think as well as you do, but differently.
Niven's corollary: The gene-tampered turkey you're talking to isn't necessarily one of them.
# Fuzzy Pink Niven's Law: Never waste calories (i.e., don't eat food just because it's available, or cheap; only eat food you'll enjoy, because you have to limit overall calorie intake).
# There is no cause so right that one cannot find a fool following it.
in variant form in ''Fallen Angels'' as "Niven's Law: No cause is so noble that it won't attract fuggheads."
# No technique works if it isn't used.
# Not responsible for advice not taken.
# Old age is not for sissies.
In November 2002 the above list was published to Analog Magazine but with slightly different numbering and new commentary. "The world's dullest subjects" entry was removed, and a new final entry "Never let a waiter escape." was added to the end.
See also
*
Asimov
Isaac Asimov ( ; – April 6, 1992) was an Russian-born American writer and professor of biochemistry at Boston University. During his lifetime, Asimov was considered one of the "Big Three" science fiction writers, along with Robert A. ...
's
* , a fictional religion
*
*
*
*
*
References
External links
Niven's Laws 2002, with author's commentary, on the Way Back Machine website
{{Larry Niven
Adages
2002 documents
Essays by Larry Niven
Works originally published in Analog Science Fiction and Fact