Nikolai Maximovich Günther (, also transliterated as Nicholas M. Gunther or N. M. Gjunter
[.]) ( – May 4, 1941) was a Russian mathematician known for his work in
potential theory
In mathematics and mathematical physics, potential theory is the study of harmonic functions.
The term "potential theory" was coined in 19th-century physics when it was realized that the two fundamental forces of nature known at the time, namely g ...
and in
integral
In mathematics, an integral is the continuous analog of a Summation, sum, which is used to calculate area, areas, volume, volumes, and their generalizations. Integration, the process of computing an integral, is one of the two fundamental oper ...
and
partial differential equation
In mathematics, a partial differential equation (PDE) is an equation which involves a multivariable function and one or more of its partial derivatives.
The function is often thought of as an "unknown" that solves the equation, similar to ho ...
s: later studies have uncovered his contributions to the theory of
Gröbner bases.
He was an Invited Speaker of the
ICM in 1924 at Toronto, in 1928 at Bologna,
[Gunther, N. "Sur le mouvement d'un liquide, enfermé dans un vase qui se deplace." In ''Atti del Congresso Internazionale dei Matematici: Bologna del 3 al 10 de settembre di 1928'', vol. 5, pp. 185–192. 1929.] and in 1932 at Zurich.
Selected publications
*. A large paper aimed at showing the applications of
Radon integrals to problems of
mathematical physics
Mathematical physics is the development of mathematics, mathematical methods for application to problems in physics. The ''Journal of Mathematical Physics'' defines the field as "the application of mathematics to problems in physics and the de ...
: the
Mathematical Reviews
''Mathematical Reviews'' is a journal published by the American Mathematical Society (AMS) that contains brief synopses, and in some cases evaluations, of many articles in mathematics, statistics, and theoretical computer science.
The AMS also pu ...
review
A review is an evaluation of a publication, product, service, or company or a critical take on current affairs in literature, politics or culture. In addition to a critical evaluation, the review's author may assign the work a content rating, ...
refers to a 1949 reprint published by the
Chelsea Publishing Company
The Chelsea Publishing Company was a publisher of mathematical books, based in New York City
New York, often called New York City (NYC), is the most populous city in the United States, located at the southern tip of New York State on on ...
.
*.
*, reviewed also by and by .
*. The second edition of the monograph , now a classical textbook in
potential theory
In mathematics and mathematical physics, potential theory is the study of harmonic functions.
The term "potential theory" was coined in 19th-century physics when it was realized that the two fundamental forces of nature known at the time, namely g ...
, translated from the Russian original (edition cured by
V. I. Smirnov and H. L. Smolitskii), which was also translated in German as .
See also
*
Harmonic function
In mathematics, mathematical physics and the theory of stochastic processes, a harmonic function is a twice continuously differentiable function f\colon U \to \mathbb R, where is an open subset of that satisfies Laplace's equation, that i ...
*
Integral equation
In mathematical analysis, integral equations are equations in which an unknown function appears under an integral sign. In mathematical notation, integral equations may thus be expressed as being of the form: f(x_1,x_2,x_3,\ldots,x_n ; u(x_1,x_2 ...
*
Radon measure
In mathematics (specifically in measure theory), a Radon measure, named after Johann Radon, is a measure on the -algebra of Borel sets of a Hausdorff topological space that is finite on all compact sets, outer regular on all Borel sets, and ...
Notes
References
Biographical and general references
*. The "''Mathematics in the
USSR
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...
during its first thirty years 1917–1947''" is an opus describing the developments of Soviet mathematics during the first thirty years of its existence. It consists of several survey articles, authored by Soviet experts and reviewing briefly the contributions of Soviet mathematicians to a chosen field during the years from 1917 to 1947: it was later expanded as the two volume survey (Kurosh et al.
1959a,
1959b).
*. The "''Mathematics in the
USSR
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...
during its first forty years 1917–1957''" is an opus in two volumes describing the developments of Soviet mathematics during the first forty years of its existence. This is the first volume, titled "''Survey articles''" and consists exactly of such kind of articles authored by Soviet experts and reviewing briefly the contributions of Soviet mathematicians to a chosen field, during the years from 1917 to 1957.
*. The "''Mathematics in the
USSR
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...
during its first forty years 1917–1957''" is an opus in two volumes describing the developments of Soviet mathematics during the first forty years of its existence. This is the second volume, titled "''Biobibliography''" (evidently an
acronym
An acronym is a type of abbreviation consisting of a phrase whose only pronounced elements are the initial letters or initial sounds of words inside that phrase. Acronyms are often spelled with the initial Letter (alphabet), letter of each wor ...
for
biography
A biography, or simply bio, is a detailed description of a person's life. It involves more than just basic facts like education, work, relationships, and death; it portrays a person's experience of these life events. Unlike a profile or curri ...
and
bibliography
Bibliography (from and ), as a discipline, is traditionally the academic study of books as physical, cultural objects; in this sense, it is also known as bibliology (from ). English author and bibliographer John Carter describes ''bibliograph ...
), containing a complete bibliography of works published by Soviet mathematicians during that time period, alphabetically ordered with respect to author's surname and including, when possible, brief but complete biographies of the authors.
*. See also th
final versionavailable from the "George Lorentz" section of th
Approximation Theory web pageat the Mathematics Department of the
Ohio State University
The Ohio State University (Ohio State or OSU) is a public university, public Land-grant university, land-grant research university in Columbus, Ohio, United States. A member of the University System of Ohio, it was founded in 1870. It is one ...
(retrieved on 25 October 2009).
*. The 1941
obituary
An obituary (wikt:obit#Etymology 2, obit for short) is an Article (publishing), article about a recently death, deceased person. Newspapers often publish obituaries as Article (publishing), news articles. Although obituaries tend to focus on p ...
of Nikolai Günther written by Vladimir Smirnov and Sergei Sobolev, including a list of his mathematical works.
*, appendix to the book .
Scientific references
*.
*. A freely accessible copy is available from th
herefrom the
Gröbner Bases Bibliography.
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gunther, Nikolai Maximovich
1871 births
1941 deaths
Mathematicians from Saint Petersburg
Corresponding Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences
19th-century mathematicians from the Russian Empire
Soviet mathematicians
Mathematical analysts
Partial differential equation theorists