Dr. Nikola "Niko" Miljanić (

Serbian Serbian may refer to: * Pertaining to Serbia in Southeast Europe; in particular **Serbs, a South Slavic ethnic group native to the Balkans ** Serbian language ** Serbian culture **Demographics of Serbia, includes other ethnic groups within the co ...

Cyrillic The Cyrillic script ( ) is a writing system used for various languages across Eurasia. It is the designated national script in various Slavic, Turkic, Mongolic, Uralic, Caucasian and Iranic-speaking countries in Southeastern Europe, Ea ...

: Никола "Нико" Миљанић; 1892 – 20 October 1957) was a Montenegrin and

anatomist Anatomy () is the branch of morphology concerned with the study of the internal structure of organisms and their parts. Anatomy is a branch of natural science that deals with the structural organization of living things. It is an old scien ...

and

surgeon In medicine, a surgeon is a medical doctor who performs surgery. Even though there are different traditions in different times and places, a modern surgeon is a licensed physician and received the same medical training as physicians before spec ...

, professor of anatomy at

Belgrade Medical School The Belgrade Faculty of Medicine (/''Medicinski fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu'') is a constituent institution of the University of Belgrade, which offers a wide range of academic courses in Serbian and English, including specialist practice wit ...

, resistance participant during World War II and the president of Montenegrin wartime Assembly. He was one of the founders of the

, which is today part of the

University of Belgrade The University of Belgrade () is a public university, public research university in Belgrade, Serbia. It is the oldest and largest modern university in Serbia. Founded in 1808 as the Belgrade Higher School in revolutionary Serbia, by 1838 it me ...

, and has held the first lecture on the newly formed school on December 12, 1920. He has been a full professor of anatomy during the period 1920—1934, then held lectures on surgery

propaedeutics Propaedeutics or propedeutics (from Ancient Greek , ''propaídeusis'' 'preparatory education') is a historical term for an introductory course into an art or science. The word ''propedeutics'' comes from the Greek prefix '' pro'' 'earlier, rudiment ...

from 1935 until 1947. He was relieved from the faculty in 1954. Professor Miljanić was the author of the first textbooks of anatomy in

, a

monograph A monograph is generally a long-form work on one (usually scholarly) subject, or one aspect of a subject, typically created by a single author or artist (or, sometimes, by two or more authors). Traditionally it is in written form and published a ...

asepsis Asepsis is the state of being free from disease-causing micro-organisms (such as pathogenic bacteria, viruses, pathogenic fungi, and parasites). There are two categories of asepsis: medical and surgical. The modern day notion of asepsis is deri ...

, as well as a lot of scientific articles on anatomy and surgery in different journals in

Yugoslavia , common_name = Yugoslavia , life_span = 1918–19921941–1945: World War II in Yugoslavia#Axis invasion and dismemberment of Yugoslavia, Axis occupation , p1 = Kingdom of SerbiaSerbia , flag_p ...

and abroad. As a

French French may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France ** French people, a nation and ethnic group ** French cuisine, cooking traditions and practices Arts and media * The French (band), ...

ex-pupil he was elected president of the French ex-pupils Association and the founder of the bilingual Serbian-French journal ''Anali medicine i hirurgije'' (''Annals of Medicine and Surgery''), published 1927-1934. In 1930, he unveiled the Monument of Gratitude to France in Belgrade's

Kalemegdan Park The Kalemegdan Park (), or simply Kalemegdan ( sr-Cyrl, Калемегдан) is the largest park and the most important historical monument in Belgrade. It is located on a cliff, at the junction of the River Sava and the Danube. Kalemegdan Pa ...

, together with

King Alexander I of Yugoslavia Alexander I Karađorđević (, ; – 9 October 1934), also known as Alexander the Unifier ( / ), was King of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes from 16 August 1921 to 3 October 1929 and King of Yugoslavia from 3 October 1929 until Alexander I of Y ...

. He fought in both

Balkan Wars The Balkan Wars were two conflicts that took place in the Balkans, Balkan states in 1912 and 1913. In the First Balkan War, the four Balkan states of Kingdom of Greece (Glücksburg), Greece, Kingdom of Serbia, Serbia, Kingdom of Montenegro, M ...

and both

World Wars A world war is an international conflict that involves most or all of the world's major powers. Conventionally, the term is reserved for two major international conflicts that occurred during the first half of the 20th century, World War I (19 ...

. Miljanić was a member of the French Academy of Surgeons and was decorated with the order of the

Légion d'honneur The National Order of the Legion of Honour ( ), formerly the Imperial Order of the Legion of Honour (), is the highest and most prestigious French national order of merit, both military and Civil society, civil. Currently consisting of five cl ...

. Miljanić participated in the

World War II in Yugoslavia World War II in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia began on 6 April 1941, when the country was Invasion of Yugoslavia, invaded and swiftly conquered by Axis powers, Axis forces and partitioned among Nazi Germany, Germany, Fascist Italy (1922–1943), It ...

Partisan Partisan(s) or The Partisan(s) may refer to: Military * Partisan (military), paramilitary forces engaged behind the front line ** Francs-tireurs et partisans, communist-led French anti-fascist resistance against Nazi Germany during WWII ** Ital ...

since 1942. He was a member of the Anti-Fascist Council of the National Liberation of Yugoslavia (AVNOJ), President of the

State Anti-fascist Council for the National Liberation of Montenegro and Boka The State Anti-fascist Council for the National Liberation of Montenegro and Boka ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, Zemaljsko antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja Crne Gore i Boke, ZAVNOCGB, Земаљскo aнтифашистичко виjеће наро ...

(ZAVNOCG), from 15 November 1943 to 14 July 1944, and President of the Montenegrin Anti-Fascist Assembly of National Liberation (CASNO), from 14 July 1944 until 21 November 1946. In 1940, Miljanić adopted 17-year old

Svetozar Gligorić Svetozar Gligorić ( sr-Cyrl, Светозар Глигорић; 2 February 1923 – 14 August 2012) was a Serbian and Yugoslav chess grandmaster and musician. He won the championship of Yugoslavia a record 11 times, and is considered the best ...

, following the death of Gligorić's parents. Gligorić would later become chess grandmaster and one of the most successful chess players in the world in the 1950s and 1960s.Svetozar Gligoric, Who Pioneered Chess Moves, Dies at 89
/ref> He died on October 20, 1957, in

Mexico Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in North America. It is the northernmost country in Latin America, and borders the United States to the north, and Guatemala and Belize to the southeast; while having maritime boundar ...

while attending the International Congress of Surgeons.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Miljanic, Niko 1892 births 1957 deaths People from Cetinje Yugoslav surgeons Medical educators Academic staff of the University of Belgrade Yugoslav communists Montenegrin communists Yugoslav Partisans members Speakers of the Parliament of Montenegro Recipients of the Legion of Honour