Nickel Mines is a

hamlet ''The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark'', often shortened to ''Hamlet'' (), is a Shakespearean tragedy, tragedy written by William Shakespeare sometime between 1599 and 1601. It is Shakespeare's longest play. Set in Denmark, the play (the ...

that is located in Bart Township,

Lancaster County, Pennsylvania Lancaster County (; ), sometimes nicknamed the Garden Spot of America or Pennsylvania Dutch Country, is a County (United States), county in the Commonwealth (U.S. state), Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, United States. As of the 2020 United States ...

, United States. The zip code is 17562 and the

area code A telephone numbering plan is a type of numbering scheme used in telecommunication to assign telephone numbers to subscriber telephones or other telephony endpoints. Telephone numbers are the addresses of participants in a telephone network, rea ...

is 717. The area now has a sizable

Amish The Amish (, also or ; ; ), formally the Old Order Amish, are a group of traditionalist Anabaptism, Anabaptist Christianity, Christian Christian denomination, church fellowships with Swiss people, Swiss and Alsace, Alsatian origins. As they ...

community.

History

The

nickel Nickel is a chemical element; it has symbol Ni and atomic number 28. It is a silvery-white lustrous metal with a slight golden tinge. Nickel is a hard and ductile transition metal. Pure nickel is chemically reactive, but large pieces are slo ...

mines that give the town its name were worked in a deposit of

sulfide Sulfide (also sulphide in British English) is an inorganic anion of sulfur with the chemical formula S2− or a compound containing one or more S2− ions. Solutions of sulfide salts are corrosive. ''Sulfide'' also refers to large families o ...

ore, principally

millerite Millerite or ''nickel blende'' is a nickel sulfide mineral, Ni S. It is brassy in colour and has an acicular habit, often forming radiating masses and furry aggregates. It can be distinguished from pentlandite by crystal habit, its duller ...

. The mines were originally opened during the early eighteenth century for

copper Copper is a chemical element; it has symbol Cu (from Latin ) and atomic number 29. It is a soft, malleable, and ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. A freshly exposed surface of pure copper has a pinkish-orang ...

, but were given up as unproductive. In 1849, the Gap Mining Company attempted to work the mines for copper, again unsuccessfully, but discovered the presence of nickel in late 1852 or early 1853. (The ore had previously been misidentified as

iron sulfide Iron sulfide or iron sulphide can refer to range of chemical compounds composed of iron and sulfur. Minerals By increasing order of stability: * Iron(II) sulfide, FeS * Greigite, Fe3S4 (cubic) * Pyrrhotite, Fe1−xS (where x = 0 to 0.2) (monocli ...

). An Episcopal Church was built in 1857 to serve the mining community at the time. Gap Mining worked the mines for nickel until 1860, when they were closed as unprofitable. It sold the mine to

Joseph Wharton Joseph Wharton (March 3, 1826January 11, 1909) was an American industrialist and philanthropist. He was instrumental in the development of the nickel and zinc metal industries in the United States. He created the first plant in the United Stat ...

in late 1862. Between 1862 and 1893, 4.5 million pounds of nickel were extracted from the site, amounting to as much as twenty-five percent of world production in some years. Wharton refined the nickel in

Camden, New Jersey Camden is a City (New Jersey), city in Camden County, New Jersey, Camden County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. It is part of the Delaware Valley metropolitan region. The city was incorporated on February 13, 1828.Snyder, John P''The Story of ...

and was the first industrial producer of malleable nickel. He was influential in persuading the

United States Mint The United States Mint is a bureau of the United States Department of the Treasury, Department of the Treasury responsible for producing coinage for the United States to conduct its trade and commerce, as well as controlling the movement of bull ...

to issue the first five-cent nickel coins in 1866, using nickel produced from his mines. In 1883, the town consisted of the superintendent's mansion, twenty-three miners' homes, a store with dwelling, and five outbuildings. The mine closed in 1893 because of competition from the new nickel mines in

Sudbury Sudbury may refer to: Places Australia * Sudbury Reef, Queensland Canada * Greater Sudbury, Ontario ** Sudbury (federal electoral district) ** Sudbury (provincial electoral district) ** Sudbury Airport ** Sudbury Basin, a meteorite impact cra ...

Ontario Ontario is the southernmost Provinces and territories of Canada, province of Canada. Located in Central Canada, Ontario is the Population of Canada by province and territory, country's most populous province. As of the 2021 Canadian census, it ...

Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its Provinces and territories of Canada, ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, making it the world's List of coun ...

. No trace of the mines remains today, except for a few waste dumps. The area is now entirely agricultural.

2006 school shooting

On October 2, 2006, the community became the subject of national media attention after a lone gunman, identified as Charles Carl Roberts IV, took ten girls hostage for nearly an hour at a one-room

schoolhouse serving the community. He then shot all ten hostages, killing five of them, and later committed suicide as responding police officers tried to breach the schoolhouse. The emphasis on forgiveness and reconciliation in the response of the Amish community became a topic of wide discussion in numerous national media outlets.

Demographics

As of 2016, there were 16 households.

References

External links

History of Bart Township

{{authority control Unincorporated communities in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania Unincorporated communities in Pennsylvania 1849 establishments in Pennsylvania