Newcastle is a
geographic parish in
Northumberland County,
New Brunswick
New Brunswick is a Provinces and Territories of Canada, province of Canada, bordering Quebec to the north, Nova Scotia to the east, the Gulf of Saint Lawrence to the northeast, the Bay of Fundy to the southeast, and the U.S. state of Maine to ...
,
Canada
Canada is a country in North America. Its Provinces and territories of Canada, ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, making it the world's List of coun ...
.
For governance purposes it is divided between the city of
Miramichi and the Greater Miramichi rural district,
with small border areas belonging to the
incorporated rural communities of
Alnwick
Alnwick ( ) is a market town in Northumberland, England, of which it is the traditional county town. The population at the 2011 Census was 8,116.
The town is south of Berwick-upon-Tweed and the Scottish border, inland from the North Sea ...
(Bartibog area) and Miramichi River Valley (Chaplin Island Road),
all of which are members of the Greater Miramichi Regional Service Commission, and the Eel Ground 2 and Metepenagiag Uta'nk
Indian reserves
In Canada, an Indian reserve () or First Nations reserve () is defined by the ''Indian Act'' as a "tract of land, the legal title to which is vested in Her Majesty, that has been set apart by Her Majesty for the use and benefit of a band." R ...
, which are not part of the RSC.
Prior to the
2023 governance reform, the parish was divided between Miramichi,
the Indian reserves, and the
local service districts of
Lower Newcastle-Russellville and the parish of Newcastle.
Origin of name
Newcastle and
Alnwick Parishes were erected simultaneously.
Alnwick
Alnwick ( ) is a market town in Northumberland, England, of which it is the traditional county town. The population at the 2011 Census was 8,116.
The town is south of Berwick-upon-Tweed and the Scottish border, inland from the North Sea ...
and
Newcastle
Newcastle usually refers to:
*Newcastle upon Tyne, a city and metropolitan borough in Tyne and Wear, England, United Kingdom
*Newcastle-under-Lyme, a town in Staffordshire, England, United Kingdom
*Newcastle, New South Wales, a metropolitan area ...
are the county town and largest city of historical
Northumberland County,
England
England is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It is located on the island of Great Britain, of which it covers about 62%, and List of islands of England, more than 100 smaller adjacent islands. It ...
. This may be the origin of the two parishes' names.
Another possibility is that the parish was named in honour of the
Duke of Newcastle
Duke of Newcastle upon Tyne was a title that was created three times, once in the Peerage of England and twice in the Peerage of Great Britain. The first grant of the title was made in 1665 to William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle, Willi ...
,
Prime Minister of Great Britain
The prime minister of the United Kingdom is the head of government of the United Kingdom. The prime minister advises the sovereign on the exercise of much of the royal prerogative, chairs the Cabinet, and selects its ministers. Modern pr ...
1757–1762. The Duke had no obvious connection to the name Alnwick.
History
Newcastle was erected in 1786 as one of Northumberland County's original parishes. including all or part of most parishes in Northumberland and
Kent
Kent is a Ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county in South East England. It is bordered by Essex across the Thames Estuary to the north, the Strait of Dover to the south-east, East Sussex to the south-west, Surrey to the west, and Gr ...
Counties.
Boundaries
Newcastle Parish is bounded:
[ Remainder of parish on maps 52, 60, 61, and 69 at same site.][ Remainder of parish on mapbooks 155, 156, 172–174, 188–190, 203, and 204 at same site.]
* on the north by the
Gloucester County line;
* on the east by a line beginning on the county line at a point about 3.3 kilometres west-southwesterly of
Route 8, then running south to the Route 8 bridge over the
Bartibog River, then down the Bartibog River to its mouth;
* on the south by the
Miramichi River
The Miramichi River is a river located in the east-central part of New Brunswick, Canada. The river drains into Miramichi Bay in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. The name may have been derived from the Montagnais words "Maissimeu Assi" (meaning Mi'km ...
and
Northwest Miramichi River;
* on the west by a line beginning on southeastern corner of a grant to Oliver Willard on the western side of Jones Cove, then running north
to the county line;
* including Bartibog Island in the Miramichi.
Evolution of boundaries
The original boundaries of Newcastle were
Westmorland County on the south, a line due west from the northern tip of Portage Island on the north, and a north-south line through the mouth of
Cains River on the west.
In 1814 Northumberland County was completely reorganised and Newcastle took on a more recognisable shape. The boundary with Northesk was different, starting near the old courthouse and passing through the intersection of Newcastle Boulevard and Beaverbrook Road.
In 1824 the boundary with Northesk was moved west to its modern starting point on Jones Cove. The direction of the boundary was also changed to run north instead of prolongation a grant line, which transferred a triangle of territory in the south to Newcastle and a triangle in the north to Northesk.
In 1850 the boundary with
Alnwick Parish was adjusted by running further up the Bartibog River before turning north.
Communities
Communities at least partly within the parish.
bold indicates an incorporated municipality or
Indian reserve
In Canada, an Indian reserve () or First Nations reserve () is defined by the '' Indian Act'' as a "tract of land, the legal title to which is vested in Her Majesty, that has been set apart by Her Majesty for the use and benefit of a band." ...
; ''italics'' indicate a name no longer in official use
* Bartibog
*
Beaver Brook Station
* Bellefond
* Beveridge
* Busby
* East Beaver Brook
*
Eel Ground 2
* Highbank
* Little Bartibog
*
Lower Newcastle
* ''Morrissy''
* Patterson Siding
*
Russellville
* Telly Road Crossing
*
Miramichi
** Back Lots
** Cross Roads
**
Douglastown
** Ferry Road
**
Millbank
*
Miramichi
** Moorefield
**
Newcastle
**
Nordin
** Northwest Bridge
Bodies of water
Bodies of water
[Not including brooks, ponds or coves.] at least partly within the parish.
*
Bartibog River
* Big Eskedelloc River
* Little Bartibog River
*
Miramichi River
The Miramichi River is a river located in the east-central part of New Brunswick, Canada. The river drains into Miramichi Bay in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. The name may have been derived from the Montagnais words "Maissimeu Assi" (meaning Mi'km ...
*
Northwest Miramichi River
* Northwest Millstream
* Armstrong Lake
* The Lake
Islands
Islands at least partly within the parish.
* Bartibog Island
Other notable places
Parks, historic sites, and other noteworthy places at least partly within the parish.
* Bellefond Protected Natural Area
* East Branch Portage River Protected Natural Area
* Green Brook Protected Natural Area
* MacDonald Farm Provincial Park
* MacDonald Farm Wildlife Management Area
Demographics
Parish population total does not include
Eel Ground 2 Indian reserve
In Canada, an Indian reserve () or First Nations reserve () is defined by the '' Indian Act'' as a "tract of land, the legal title to which is vested in Her Majesty, that has been set apart by Her Majesty for the use and benefit of a band." ...
and portion within
Miramichi
Population
Population trend
[Statistics Canada: ]1996
1996 was designated as:
* International Year for the Eradication of Poverty
Events January
* January 8 – A Zairean cargo plane crashes into a crowded market in the center of the capital city of the Democratic Republic of the Congo ...
, 2001
The year's most prominent event was the September 11 attacks against the United States by al-Qaeda, which Casualties of the September 11 attacks, killed 2,977 people and instigated the global war on terror. The United States led a Participan ...
, 2006
2006 was designated as the International Year of Deserts and Desertification.
Events
January
* January 1– 4 – Russia temporarily cuts shipment of natural gas to Ukraine during a price dispute.
* January 12 – A stampede during t ...
census
Language
Mother tongue (2016)
See also
*
List of parishes in New Brunswick
The Canadian province of New Brunswick is divided by the ''Territorial Division Act'' into 152 Parish (administrative division), geographic parishes, units which had political significance as subdivisions of County, counties until the Municipaliti ...
Notes
References
{{coord, 47, 00, 00, N, 65, 34, 12, W, name=Newcastle Parish, New Brunswick, display=title, region:CA-NB_type:adm3rd_scale:100000
Parishes of Northumberland County, New Brunswick
Local service districts of Northumberland County, New Brunswick