Newborough, Cambridgeshire
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Newborough is a village and a
civil parish In England, a civil parish is a type of administrative parish used for local government. It is a territorial designation which is the lowest tier of local government. Civil parishes can trace their origin to the ancient system of parishes, w ...
in the
Peterborough Peterborough ( ) is a City status in the United Kingdom, cathedral city in the City of Peterborough district in the Ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county of Cambridgeshire, England. The city is north of London, on the River Nene. A ...
district, in the ceremonial county of
Cambridgeshire Cambridgeshire (abbreviated Cambs.) is a Ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county in the East of England and East Anglia. It is bordered by Lincolnshire to the north, Norfolk to the north-east, Suffolk to the east, Essex and Hertfor ...
, England. Newborough is situated 7.62 km (4.74 mi) north of
Peterborough Peterborough ( ) is a City status in the United Kingdom, cathedral city in the City of Peterborough district in the Ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county of Cambridgeshire, England. The city is north of London, on the River Nene. A ...
. Newborough has a population of 1,670 according to the 2011 census Newborough is located along the B1443 and is a short distance away from the A16.


History

Newborough means ‘new fortification’ in old English. Newborough was part of the Borough
Fen A fen is a type of peat-accumulating wetland fed by mineral-rich ground or surface water. It is one of the main types of wetland along with marshes, swamps, and bogs. Bogs and fens, both peat-forming ecosystems, are also known as mires ...
, which was formed into a new parish in 1822. The land has been much improved by draining, and is now principally arable. During the Saxon and Medieval periods Borough Fen lay underwater. In the 17th century, a Dutch engineer,
Cornelius Vermuyden Sir Cornelius Vermuyden (, ; also spelled ''Vermuijden''; 1595 – 11 October 1677) was a Dutch engineer who introduced Dutch land reclamation methods to England. Vermuyden was commissioned by the Crown to drain Hatfield Chase in the Isle of Ax ...
, began to drain the fenland. One of the earliest dykes cut was the Highland Drain, which runs parallel to the Thorney Road. More efficient drainage systems have led the way to mixed and arable farming. Today the main crops are cereals and sugar beet. However, with the decline of sugar refining in the area,
oil-seed rape Rapeseed (''Brassica napus'' subsp. ''napus''), also known as rape and oilseed rape and canola, is a bright-yellow flowering member of the family Brassicaceae (mustard or cabbage family), cultivated mainly for its oil-rich seed, which naturall ...
and more recently
linseed Flax, also known as common flax or linseed, is a flowering plant, ''Linum usitatissimum'', in the family Linaceae. It is cultivated as a food and fiber crop in regions of the world with temperate climates. In 2022, France produced 75% of the ...
are widely grown. Newborough parish is fairly new, having been formed in 1820. Shortly after 1900 many newer houses were built, and after the
First World War World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...
council houses were added. After the
Second World War World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
a large council estate was built. Then private estates started to spring up making the village grow considerably. Newborough is a very scattered parish, which included a hamlet called Milking Nook, approximately a mile away from the village. On the south-western boundary runs the ancient Roman
Car Dyke The Car Dyke was, and to a large extent still is, a long ditch which runs along the western edge of the Fens in eastern England for a distance of over . It is generally accepted as being a Roman invasion of Britain, Roman construction and was, f ...
which is a haven for wildlife. Until the boundary commission's fifth periodic review, Newborough was divided between three
UK Parliamentary constituencies The Parliament of the United Kingdom currently has 650 parliamentary United Kingdom constituencies, constituencies across the constituent countries (England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland), each electing a single Member of Parliament (U ...
. It now lies wholly within the Peterborough parliamentary constituency.


St Bartholomew Church

Newborough has a
Gothic Gothic or Gothics may refer to: People and languages *Goths or Gothic people, a Germanic people **Gothic language, an extinct East Germanic language spoken by the Goths **Gothic alphabet, an alphabet used to write the Gothic language ** Gothic ( ...
yellow brick church named the St Bartholomew church. "Building work began on the church in 1823 and was completed in 1830. The work was financed by the sale of part of the Borough Fen Estate at the time of the enclosures in 1822. The royal coat of arms is displayed inside, high on the arched wall above the entrance to the sanctuary"


Population

Newborough has a population of 1,670 according to the 2011 census.


Occupations

In 1881 Newborough had a working population of around 342 people with the majority working in agricultural industry, this accounted for 39% of the working population of Newborough. Only 3 individuals had a professional occupation. 39% of the workforce in 1881, 131 women and 3 men, were listed as having an 'unknown occupation’. This does not mean they are unemployed; they may not have had a job title that was listed in the census questionnaire of 1881, or recording may have been faulty. The 2011 census recorded 504 males and 422 female working, 249 as professionals. The jobs have also changed, shifting from the agricultural sector to more professional and the public sector. File:Occupations of Newborough in 1881.png, Occupations of Newborough in 1881. File:Occupations of Newborough 2011.png, Occupations of Newborough 2011.


Housing

Detached houses or bungalows were 62% of all the 1,136 properties in Newborough in 2011. Another 30% were semi-detached. The total number of houses has risen, increasing from 68 in 1831 to 244 in 1961 to 1,136 in 2011. In 1921 the average household in Newborough had 6 rooms, by 2011 the average household had 7 rooms.


Solar farm

In early 2013 Peterborough City Council planned to allow AECOM to build a solar farm and three wind turbines on a 500-acre region in Newborough. However opposition meant that the plan to build three wind turbines was scrapped. There is still some debate over whether the solar farm should go ahead. The solar farm is estimated, by the council, to provide the council with an income of £30m over 25 years and providing locals with cheaper energy bills. Plans for two of the three sites were scrapped in 2014, leaving only the America farm site.


References


External links

{{authority control Villages in Cambridgeshire Geography of Peterborough Civil parishes in Cambridgeshire