New Windsor is a town in Carroll County,

Maryland Maryland ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. It borders the states of Virginia to its south, West Virginia to its west, Pennsylvania to its north, and Delaware to its east ...

, United States. The population was 1,441 at the 2020 census. The town is known for having been the residence of Abstract Expressionist painter

Clyfford Still Clyfford Still (November 30, 1904 – June 23, 1980) was an American Painting, painter, and one of the leading figures in the first generation of Abstract Expressionists, who developed a new, powerful approach to painting in the years immediat ...

during the mid to late 20th century.

History

New Windsor was platted in 1797 and originally named Sulphur Springs, for a local spring with water believed to have medicinal properties. It was given its current name in the early 19th century, possibly after its English namesake. The town was originally founded to service and profit from junctures of wagon trails in the area, but would later become a destination in and of itself because of the sulfur springs. To capitalize from the visitors to the springs, the town would become home to a bathhouse and numerous inns, including the 10,000+ square foot Dielman Inn. New Windsor became home to Calvert College in 1850, to later become the New Windsor College in 1872, and then finally a campus of Blue Ridge College in 1912 until 1937. In the late 1800s, St. Thomas Catholic Church stood at Calvert College. Due to a high level of resentment toward Catholics during the time, the church was wiped from historical records, the church was razed and pieces of the church could be found in town as late as the 2000s. The altar was turned into a workbench and stained glass used for a garage. In the 1930s, then resident Walter Hoke on Springdale Avenue paid local boys to remove headstones of St. Thomas Catholic Church Cemetery. In the 2000s, then owner of 111 Springdale Avenue purchased the cemetery plot from the Roman Catholic Church. On September 3, 1932, amidst the

Great Depression The Great Depression was a severe global economic downturn from 1929 to 1939. The period was characterized by high rates of unemployment and poverty, drastic reductions in industrial production and international trade, and widespread bank and ...

, New Windsor State bank was opened and remains in operation today (Other banks had been opened and located in New Windsor, but are no longer in business). The bank's original location on Main Street of New Windsor includes imported marble, a hand painted mural, and a stained glass ceiling. New Windsor State Bank is now NWSB Bank, a division of ACNB Bank of

Gettysburg, Pennsylvania Gettysburg (; ) is a borough (Pennsylvania), borough in Adams County, Pennsylvania, United States, and its county seat. As of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, the borough had a population of 7,106 people. Gettysburg was the site of ...

. Since 1944, it had been headquarters for the international missionary efforts of the

Church of the Brethren The Church of the Brethren is an Anabaptist Christian denomination in the Schwarzenau Brethren tradition ( "Schwarzenau New Baptists") that was organized in 1708 by Alexander Mack in Schwarzenau, Germany during the Radical Pietist revival. ...

including being a part of the church's Heifer Project which became Heifer International. These efforts inspired the international focus of the

Peace Corps The Peace Corps is an Independent agency of the U.S. government, independent agency and program of the United States government that trains and deploys volunteers to communities in partner countries around the world. It was established in Marc ...

, whose first director,

Sargent Shriver Robert Sargent Shriver Jr. (November 9, 1915 – January 18, 2011) was an American diplomat, politician, and activist. He was a member of the Shriver family by birth, and a member of the Kennedy family through his marriage to Eunice Kennedy. ...

, had roots in the area.Arnett, Earl, Brugger, Robert J., and Edward C. Papenfuse. ''Maryland: A New Guide to the Old Line State'' (2nd ed.) The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 1999, p. 494. However, many operations for the church's international efforts are now located elsewhere, and the "upper campus" (located in the former campus of Blue Ridge College) was listed for sale in 2015. This property was sold to Shanghai Yulun Education Group in 2017 and reopened as Springdale Preparatory School. New Windsor has been claimed as home by two notable American artists: Frederick Dielman and

, whose mansion in town can be visited by reservation. Much of the town is included in the

National Register of Historic Places The National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) is the Federal government of the United States, United States federal government's official United States National Register of Historic Places listings, list of sites, buildings, structures, Hist ...

as the

New Windsor Historic District New Windsor Historic District is a national historic district at New Windsor, Carroll County, Maryland, United States. The district contains a wide variety of domestic, commercial, public, educational, and religious resources reflecting the d ...

, having been added in 1997. Of specific note are the historic homes

Avalon Avalon () is an island featured in the Arthurian legend. It first appeared in Geoffrey of Monmouth's 1136 ''Historia Regum Britanniae'' as a place of magic where King Arthur's sword Excalibur was made and later where Arthur was taken to recove ...

and the Appler-Englar House listed in 1987 and 2001 respectively.

Geography

The town of New Windsor is located west of

Westminster Westminster is the main settlement of the City of Westminster in Central London, Central London, England. It extends from the River Thames to Oxford Street and has many famous landmarks, including the Palace of Westminster, Buckingham Palace, ...

on Maryland Route 31. More precisely, the town is located at: (39.543451, -77.104065). According to the

United States Census Bureau The United States Census Bureau, officially the Bureau of the Census, is a principal agency of the Federal statistical system, U.S. federal statistical system, responsible for producing data about the American people and American economy, econ ...

, the town has a total area of , of which is land and is water.

Transportation

The primary method of travel to and from New Windsor is by road. The town is served by two primary highways, Maryland Route 31 and Maryland Route 75. MD 31 follows a general northeast-southwest alignment and connects the town to

and Libertytown. MD 75 begins at MD 31 in New Windsor, heads west to Union Bridge and then turns south to Libertytown.

Demographics

The town is also the location of the New Windsor Conference Center, owned by the

, along with a gift shop selling crafts made by the poor in developing nations.

2010 census

As of the

census A census (from Latin ''censere'', 'to assess') is the procedure of systematically acquiring, recording, and calculating population information about the members of a given Statistical population, population, usually displayed in the form of stati ...

of 2010, there were 1,396 people, 526 households, and 364 families living in the town. The

population density Population density (in agriculture: Standing stock (disambiguation), standing stock or plant density) is a measurement of population per unit land area. It is mostly applied to humans, but sometimes to other living organisms too. It is a key geog ...

was . There were 566 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 92.3%

White White is the lightest color and is achromatic (having no chroma). It is the color of objects such as snow, chalk, and milk, and is the opposite of black. White objects fully (or almost fully) reflect and scatter all the visible wa ...

, 3.9%

African American African Americans, also known as Black Americans and formerly also called Afro-Americans, are an Race and ethnicity in the United States, American racial and ethnic group that consists of Americans who have total or partial ancestry from an ...

, 0.1% Native American, 1.1% Asian, 0.4%

Pacific Islander Pacific Islanders, Pasifika, Pasefika, Pacificans, or rarely Pacificers are the peoples of the list of islands in the Pacific Ocean, Pacific Islands. As an ethnic group, ethnic/race (human categorization), racial term, it is used to describe th ...

, 0.4% from other races, and 1.9% from two or more races.

Hispanic The term Hispanic () are people, Spanish culture, cultures, or countries related to Spain, the Spanish language, or broadly. In some contexts, Hispanic and Latino Americans, especially within the United States, "Hispanic" is used as an Ethnici ...

or Latino of any race were 1.6% of the population. There were 526 households, of which 39.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.8% were

married couples Marriage, also called matrimony or wedlock, is a culturally and often legally recognised union between people called spouses. It establishes rights and obligations between them, as well as between them and their children (if any), and b ...

living together, 10.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 30.8% were non-families. 26.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.65 and the average family size was 3.24. The median age in the town was 37.6 years. 27.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.5% were from 25 to 44; 24.9% were from 45 to 64; and 12% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 47.6% male and 52.4% female.

2000 census

As of the

of 2000, there were 1,303 people, 491 households, and 369 families living in the town. The population density was . There were 522 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 95.24%

, 3.84%

, 0.08% Native American, 0.08% Asian, 0.08% from other races, and 0.69% from two or more races.

or Latino of any race were 0.92% of the population. There were 491 households, out of which 40.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.3% were

living together, 11.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.8% were non-families. 22.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.65 and the average family size was 3.11. In the town, the population was spread out, with 30.4% under the age of 18, 6.1% from 18 to 24, 34.8% from 25 to 44, 16.0% from 45 to 64, and 12.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.0 males. The median income for a household in the town was $51,779, and the median income for a family was $55,972. Males had a median income of $40,403 versus $27,986 for females. The

per capita income Per capita income (PCI) or average income measures the average income earned per person in a given area (city, region, country, etc.) in a specified year. In many countries, per capita income is determined using regular population surveys, such ...

for the town was $20,090. About 3.3% of families and 2.7% of the population were below the

poverty line The poverty threshold, poverty limit, poverty line, or breadline is the minimum level of income deemed adequate in a particular country. The poverty line is usually calculated by estimating the total cost of one year's worth of necessities for ...

, including 4.0% of those under age 18 and 3.7% of those age 65 or over.

Notable people

Guy Babylon Guy Babylon (December 20, 1956 – September 2, 2009) was an American keyboardist/composer, most noted for his work with Elton John. Babylon was born in New Windsor, Maryland. He attended Francis Scott Key High School before moving on to th ...

- Keyboardist/composer *

Roberts Bartholow Roberts Bartholow or Roobert Bartholow (November 28, 1831 – May 10, 1904) was an American physician and a professor at several American medical colleges. He is best known for his experiments involving a 30-year-old patient named Mary Rafferty. ...

- Physician *

Marion Bloom Marion L. Bloom (1891 – March 10, 1975) was an American writer and nurse, and briefly a literary agent, known for her nearly decade-long relationship with H. L. Mencken. Life Bloom was born in New Windsor, Maryland. She was one of ei ...

- Writer and nurse *

- Painter * Ralph Stoner Wolfe - Microbiologist

References

External links

Town of New Windsor official website

New Windsor Heritage Committee and Museum
{{authority control Towns in Maryland Towns in Carroll County, Maryland Populated places established in 1797 1797 establishments in Maryland