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Pre-1600

* 473Gundobad (nephew of
Ricimer Flavius Ricimer ( , ; – 18/19 August 472) was a Romanized Germanic general who effectively ruled the remaining territory of the Western Roman Empire from 461 until his death in 472, with a brief interlude in which he contested power with An ...
) nominates
Glycerius Glycerius () was Roman emperor of the West from 473 to 474. He served as ''comes domesticorum'' (commander of the palace guard) during the reign of Olybrius, until Olybrius died in November 472. After a four-month interregnum, Glycerius was p ...
as emperor of the
Western Roman Empire The Western Roman Empire comprised the western provinces of the Roman Empire at any time during which they were administered by a separate independent Imperial court; in particular, this term is used in historiography to describe the period fr ...
. *
724 __NOTOC__ Year 724 ( DCCXXIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 724 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era ...
Empress Genshō was the 44th monarch of Japan,Imperial Household Agency (''Kunaichō'') 元正天皇 (44)/ref> according to the traditional order of succession. Her reign spanned the years 715 through 724. Genshō was the fifth of eight women to take on the ...
abdicates the throne in favor of her nephew Shōmu who becomes emperor of
Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...
. * 1575Mughal Emperor
Akbar Abu'l-Fath Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar (25 October 1542 – 27 October 1605), popularly known as Akbar the Great ( fa, ), and also as Akbar I (), was the third Mughal emperor, who reigned from 1556 to 1605. Akbar succeeded his father, Hum ...
defeats
Sultan of Bengal The Sultanate of Bengal ( Middle Bengali: শাহী বাঙ্গালা ''Shahī Baṅgala'', Classical Persian: ''Saltanat-e-Bangālah'') was an empire based in Bengal for much of the 14th, 15th and 16th centuries. It was the domina ...
Daud Khan Karrani Daud Khan Karrani (died on 12 July 1576) was the last ruler of Bengal's Karrani dynasty as well as the final Sultan of Bengal, reigning from 1572 to 1576. During the reign of his father Sulaiman Khan Karrani, Daud commanded a massive army of 40 ...
's army at the
Battle of Tukaroi The Battle of Tukaroi, also known as the Battle of Bajhaura or the Battle of Mughulmari, was fought between the Mughal Empire and the Bengal Sultanate on 3 March 1575 near the village of Tukaroi in present-day Balasore District of Odisha. It r ...
. * 1585 – The
Olympic Theatre The Olympic Theatre, sometimes known as the Royal Olympic Theatre, was a 19th-century London theatre, opened in 1806 and located at the junction of Drury Lane, Wych Street and Newcastle Street. The theatre specialised in comedies throughout m ...
, designed by
Andrea Palladio Andrea Palladio ( ; ; 30 November 1508 – 19 August 1580) was an Italian Renaissance architect active in the Venetian Republic. Palladio, influenced by Roman and Greek architecture, primarily Vitruvius, is widely considered to be one of th ...
, is inaugurated in
Vicenza Vicenza ( , ; ) is a city in northeastern Italy. It is in the Veneto region at the northern base of the ''Monte Berico'', where it straddles the Bacchiglione River. Vicenza is approximately west of Venice and east of Milan. Vicenza is a th ...
.


1601–1900

* 1776
American Revolutionary War The American Revolutionary War (April 19, 1775 – September 3, 1783), also known as the Revolutionary War or American War of Independence, was a major war of the American Revolution. Widely considered as the war that secured the independence of t ...
: The first
amphibious landing Amphibious warfare is a type of offensive military operation that today uses naval ships to project ground and air power onto a hostile or potentially hostile shore at a designated landing beach. Through history the operations were conducted ...
of the
United States Marine Corps The United States Marine Corps (USMC), also referred to as the United States Marines, is the maritime land force service branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for conducting expeditionary and amphibious operations through combi ...
begins the
Battle of Nassau The Raid of Nassau (March 3–4, 1776) was a naval operation and amphibious assault by American forces against the British port of Nassau, Bahamas, during the American Revolutionary War. The raid, designed to resolve the issue of gunpowder short ...
. * 1779 – American Revolutionary War: The
Continental Army The Continental Army was the army of the United Colonies (the Thirteen Colonies) in the Revolutionary-era United States. It was formed by the Second Continental Congress after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War, and was establis ...
is routed at the
Battle of Brier Creek The Battle of Brier Creek was an American Revolutionary War battle fought on March 3, 1779 near the confluence of Brier Creek with the Savannah River in eastern Georgia. A mixed Patriot force consisting principally of militia from North Caroli ...
near
Savannah, Georgia Savannah ( ) is the oldest city in the U.S. state of Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia and is the county seat of Chatham County, Georgia, Chatham County. Established in 1733 on the Savannah River, the city of Savannah became the Kingdom of Great Br ...
. *
1799 Events January–June * January 9 – British Prime Minister William Pitt the Younger introduces an income tax of two shillings to the pound, to raise funds for Great Britain's war effort in the French Revolutionary Wars. * January ...
– The Russo-Ottoman siege of Corfu ends with the surrender of the French garrison. * 1820 – The
U.S. Congress The United States Congress is the legislature of the federal government of the United States. It is Bicameralism, bicameral, composed of a lower body, the United States House of Representatives, House of Representatives, and an upper body, ...
passes the
Missouri Compromise The Missouri Compromise was a federal legislation of the United States that balanced desires of northern states to prevent expansion of slavery in the country with those of southern states to expand it. It admitted Missouri as a slave state and ...
. *
1845 Events January–March * January 10 – Elizabeth Barrett receives a love letter from the younger poet Robert Browning; on May 20, they meet for the first time in London. She begins writing her ''Sonnets from the Portuguese''. * January 23 ...
Florida Florida is a state located in the Southeastern region of the United States. Florida is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the northwest by Alabama, to the north by Georgia, to the east by the Bahamas and Atlantic Ocean, and to ...
is admitted as the 27th U.S. state. * 1849 – The
Territory of Minnesota The Territory of Minnesota was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from March 3, 1849, until May 11, 1858, when the eastern portion of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Minnesota and weste ...
is created. * 1857
Second Opium War The Second Opium War (), also known as the Second Anglo-Sino War, the Second China War, the Arrow War, or the Anglo-French expedition to China, was a colonial war lasting from 1856 to 1860, which pitted the British Empire and the French Emp ...
: France and the United Kingdom declare war on China. * 1859 – The two-day Great Slave Auction, the largest such auction in
United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territorie ...
history, concludes. *
1861 Statistically, this year is considered the end of the whale oil industry and (in replacement) the beginning of the petroleum oil industry. Events January–March * January 1 ** Benito Juárez captures Mexico City. ** The first steam-p ...
Alexander II of Russia Alexander II ( rus, Алекса́ндр II Никола́евич, Aleksándr II Nikoláyevich, p=ɐlʲɪˈksandr ftɐˈroj nʲɪkɐˈlajɪvʲɪtɕ; 29 April 181813 March 1881) was Emperor of Russia, Congress Poland, King of Poland and Gra ...
signs the
Emancipation Manifesto The emancipation reform of 1861 in Russia, also known as the Edict of Emancipation of Russia, (russian: Крестьянская реформа 1861 года, translit=Krestyanskaya reforma 1861 goda – "peasants' reform of 1861") was the first ...
, freeing serfs. * 1873
Censorship in the United States Censorship in the United States involves the suppression of speech or public communication and raises issues of freedom of speech, which is protected by the First Amendment to the United States Constitution. Interpretation of this fundament ...
: The U.S. Congress enacts the
Comstock Law The Comstock laws were a set of federal acts passed by the United States Congress under the Grant administration along with related state laws.Dennett p.9 The "parent" act (Sect. 211) was passed on March 3, 1873, as the Act for the Suppression of ...
, making it illegal to send any "obscene literature and articles of immoral use" through the mail. * 1875 – The first ever organized indoor game of
ice hockey Ice hockey (or simply hockey) is a team sport played on ice skates, usually on an ice skating rink with lines and markings specific to the sport. It belongs to a family of sports called hockey. In ice hockey, two opposing teams use ice hock ...
is played in
Montreal Montreal ( ; officially Montréal, ) is the List of the largest municipalities in Canada by population, second-most populous city in Canada and List of towns in Quebec, most populous city in the Provinces and territories of Canada, Canadian ...
,
Quebec Quebec ( ; )According to the Canadian government, ''Québec'' (with the acute accent) is the official name in Canadian French and ''Quebec'' (without the accent) is the province's official name in Canadian English is one of the thirtee ...
, Canada as recorded in the ''
Montreal Gazette The ''Montreal Gazette'', formerly titled ''The Gazette'', is the only English-language daily newspaper published in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Three other daily English-language newspapers shuttered at various times during the second half of th ...
''. * 1878 – The
Russo-Turkish War The Russo-Turkish wars (or Ottoman–Russian wars) were a series of twelve wars fought between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire between the 16th and 20th centuries. It was one of the longest series of military conflicts in European histo ...
ends with
Bulgaria Bulgaria (; bg, България, Bǎlgariya), officially the Republic of Bulgaria,, ) is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern flank of the Balkans, and is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and North Macedon ...
regaining its independence from the
Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...
according to the
Treaty of San Stefano The 1878 Treaty of San Stefano (russian: Сан-Стефанский мир; Peace of San-Stefano, ; Peace treaty of San-Stefano, or ) was a treaty between the Russian and Ottoman empires at the conclusion of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-18 ...
. * 1891
Shoshone National Forest Shoshone National Forest ( ) is the first federally protected National Forest in the United States and covers nearly in the state of Wyoming. Originally a part of the Yellowstone Timberland Reserve, the forest is managed by the United States ...
is established as the first national forest in the US and world.


1901–present

* 1910
Rockefeller Foundation The Rockefeller Foundation is an American private foundation and philanthropic medical research and arts funding organization based at 420 Fifth Avenue, New York City. The second-oldest major philanthropic institution in America, after the Carneg ...
:
John D. Rockefeller Jr. John Davison Rockefeller Jr. (January 29, 1874 – May 11, 1960) was an American financier and philanthropist, and the only son of Standard Oil co-founder John D. Rockefeller. He was involved in the development of the vast office complex in M ...
announces his retirement from managing his businesses so that he can devote all his time to
philanthropy Philanthropy is a form of altruism that consists of "private initiatives, for the Public good (economics), public good, focusing on quality of life". Philanthropy contrasts with business initiatives, which are private initiatives for private goo ...
. * 1913 – Thousands of women march in the
Woman Suffrage Procession The Woman Suffrage Procession on 3 March 1913 was the first suffragist parade in Washington, D.C. It was also the first large, organized march on Washington for political purposes. The procession was organized by the suffragists Alice Paul and L ...
in Washington, D.C. * 1918
Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the ...
signs the
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (also known as the Treaty of Brest in Russia) was a separate peace, separate peace treaty signed on 3 March 1918 between Russian SFSR, Russia and the Central Powers (German Empire, Germany, Austria-Hungary, Kingdom of ...
, agreeing to withdraw from
World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...
, and conceding German control of the
Baltic States The Baltic states, et, Balti riigid or the Baltic countries is a geopolitical term, which currently is used to group three countries: Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. All three countries are members of NATO, the European Union, the Eurozone, ...
,
Belarus Belarus,, , ; alternatively and formerly known as Byelorussia (from Russian ). officially the Republic of Belarus,; rus, Республика Беларусь, Respublika Belarus. is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by R ...
and
Ukraine Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inv ...
. It also conceded Turkish control of
Ardahan Ardahan (, ka, არტაანი, tr, hy, Արդահան, translit=Ardahan Russian: Ардаган) is a city in northeastern Turkey, near the Georgian border. It is the capital of Ardahan Province. History Ancient and medieval Ardaha ...
,
Kars Kars (; ku, Qers; ) is a city in northeast Turkey and the capital of Kars Province. Its population is 73,836 in 2011. Kars was in the ancient region known as ''Chorzene'', (in Greek Χορζηνή) in classical historiography ( Strabo), part of ...
and
Batumi Batumi (; ka, ბათუმი ) is the second largest city of Georgia and the capital of the Autonomous Republic of Adjara, located on the coast of the Black Sea in Georgia's southwest. It is situated in a subtropical zone at the foot of th ...
. * 1924 – The 407-year-old Islamic caliphate is abolished, when
Caliph A caliphate or khilāfah ( ar, خِلَافَة, ) is an institution or public office under the leadership of an Islamic steward with the title of caliph (; ar, خَلِيفَة , ), a person considered a political-religious successor to th ...
Abdülmecid II Abdulmejid II ( ota, عبد المجید ثانی, ʿAbdü'l-Mecîd-i sânî, tr, II. Abdülmecid, 29 May 1868 – 23 August 1944) was the last Caliph of the Ottoman Dynasty, the only Caliph of the Republic of Turkey, and nominally the 37 ...
of the
Ottoman Caliphate The Caliphate of the Ottoman Empire ( ota, خلافت مقامى, hilâfet makamı, office of the caliphate) was the claim of the heads of the Turkish Ottoman dynasty to be the caliphs of Islam in the late medieval and the early modern era. D ...
is deposed. The last remnant of the old regime gives way to the reformed
Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...
of
Kemal Atatürk Kemal may refer to: ;People * Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, a Turkish politician and the first president of Turkey * Kemal (name), a common Turkish name ;Places * Kemalpaşa, İzmir Province, Turkey * Mustafakemalpaşa, Bursa Province, Turkey ;See als ...
. * 1924 – The Free State of Fiume is annexed by the
Kingdom of Italy The Kingdom of Italy ( it, Regno d'Italia) was a state that existed from 1861, when Victor Emmanuel II of Kingdom of Sardinia, Sardinia was proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy, proclaimed King of Italy, until 1946, when civil discontent led to ...
. *
1931 Events January * January 2 – South Dakota native Ernest Lawrence invents the cyclotron, used to accelerate particles to study nuclear physics. * January 4 – German pilot Elly Beinhorn begins her flight to Africa. * January 22 – Sir I ...
– The United States adopts ''
The Star-Spangled Banner "The Star-Spangled Banner" is the national anthem of the United States. The lyrics come from the "Defence of Fort M'Henry", a poem written on September 14, 1814, by 35-year-old lawyer and amateur poet Francis Scott Key after witnessing the b ...
'' as its
national anthem A national anthem is a patriotic musical composition symbolizing and evoking eulogies of the history and traditions of a country or nation. The majority of national anthems are marches or hymns in style. American, Central Asian, and European n ...
. * 1938
Oil An oil is any nonpolar chemical substance that is composed primarily of hydrocarbons and is hydrophobic (does not mix with water) & lipophilic (mixes with other oils). Oils are usually flammable and surface active. Most oils are unsaturated ...
is discovered in
Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia, officially the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), is a country in Western Asia. It covers the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula, and has a land area of about , making it the fifth-largest country in Asia, the second-largest in the A ...
. * 1939 – In
Bombay Mumbai (, ; also known as Bombay — the official name until 1995) is the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra and the ''de facto'' financial centre of India. According to the United Nations, as of 2018, Mumbai is the second- ...
,
Mohandas Gandhi Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (; ; 2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948), popularly known as Mahatma Gandhi, was an Indian lawyer, anti-colonial nationalist Quote: "... marks Gandhi as a hybrid cosmopolitan figure who transformed ... anti- ...
begins a hunger strike in protest at the autocratic rule in
British India The provinces of India, earlier presidencies of British India and still earlier, presidency towns, were the administrative divisions of British governance on the Indian subcontinent. Collectively, they have been called British India. In one ...
. * 1940 – Five people are killed in an arson attack on the offices of the
communist Communism (from Latin la, communis, lit=common, universal, label=none) is a far-left sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology and current within the socialist movement whose goal is the establishment of a communist society, a s ...
newspaper ''
Flamman ''Flamman'' (meaning ''The Flame'' in English), also known as ''Norrskensflamman'' (meaning ''The Flame of the Aurora Borealis'' in English), is a Swedish socialist newspaper. History and profile ''Flamman'' was founded in 1906 by the workers in ...
'' in
Luleå Luleå ( , , locally ; smj, Luleju; fi, Luulaja) is a city on the coast of northern Sweden, and the capital of Norrbotten County, the northernmost county in Sweden. Luleå has 48,728 inhabitants in its urban core (2018) and is the seat of Lu ...
, Sweden. * 1942
World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
: Ten
Japanese Japanese may refer to: * Something from or related to Japan, an island country in East Asia * Japanese language, spoken mainly in Japan * Japanese people, the ethnic group that identifies with Japan through ancestry or culture ** Japanese diaspor ...
warplanes raid Broome, Western Australia, killing more than 100 people. * 1943 – World War II: In London, 173 people are killed in a crush while trying to enter an air-raid shelter at
Bethnal Green tube station Bethnal Green is a London Underground station in Bethnal Green, London, served by the Central line. It lies between Liverpool Street and Mile End stations, is in Travelcard Zone 2, and is open 24 hours on a Friday and Saturday as part of the ...
. *
1944 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 2 – WWII: ** Free French General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny is appointed to command French Army B, part of the Sixth United States Army Group in Nor ...
– The
Order of Nakhimov The Order of Nakhimov (russian: орден Нахимова) is a military decoration of the Russian Federation named in honour of Russian admiral Pavel Nakhimov (1802–1855) and bestowed to naval officers for outstanding military leadership. ...
and
Order of Ushakov The Order of Ushakov (russian: орден Ушакова) is a military decoration of the Russian Federation named in honour of admiral Fyodor Ushakov (1744–1817) who never lost a battle and was proclaimed patron saint of the Russian Navy. ...
are instituted in
USSR The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nationa ...
as the highest naval awards. * 1944 – A freight train carrying stowaway passengers stalls in a tunnel shortly after departing from
Balvano Balvano ( Lucano: ) is a small city and a ''commune'' in the province of Potenza (Basilicata, southern Italy). The recent history of Balvano is connected to several catastrophes. In 1944, a steam train stalled in a nearby railway tunnel, suffocat ...
,
Basilicata it, Lucano (man) it, Lucana (woman) , population_note = , population_blank1_title = , population_blank1 = , demographics_type1 = , demographics1_footnotes = , demographics1_title1 = , demographics1_info1 = ...
, Italy just after midnight, with 517 dying from
carbon monoxide poisoning Carbon monoxide poisoning typically occurs from breathing in carbon monoxide (CO) at excessive levels. Symptoms are often described as "flu-like" and commonly include headache, dizziness, weakness, vomiting, chest pain, and confusion. Large e ...
. *
1945 1945 marked the end of World War II and the fall of Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan. It is also the only year in which nuclear weapons have been used in combat. Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. Januar ...
– World War II: In poor visibility, the
RAF The Royal Air Force (RAF) is the United Kingdom's air and space force. It was formed towards the end of the First World War on 1 April 1918, becoming the first independent air force in the world, by regrouping the Royal Flying Corps (RFC) and ...
mistakenly bombs the
Bezuidenhout Bezuidenhout (; en, "South of the Wood") is the neighborhood ( nl, wijk) southeast of the Haagse Bos neighborhood of The Hague in the Netherlands. Bezuidenhout includes the Beatrixkwartier financial area near the Central Station and streets su ...
area of
The Hague, Netherlands The Hague ( ; nl, Den Haag or ) is a city and municipality of the Netherlands, situated on the west coast facing the North Sea. The Hague is the country's administrative centre and its seat of government, and while the official capital of ...
, killing 511 people. * 1953 – A
De Havilland Comet The de Havilland DH.106 Comet was the world's first commercial jet airliner. Developed and manufactured by de Havilland in the United Kingdom, the Comet 1 prototype first flew in 1949. It featured an aerodynamically clean design with four ...
(
Canadian Pacific Air Lines Canadian Pacific Air Lines was a Canadian airline that operated from 1942 to 1987. It operated under the name CP Air from 1968 to 1986. Headquartered at Vancouver International Airport in Richmond, British Columbia, it served domestic Canadian ...
) crashes in
Karachi Karachi (; ur, ; ; ) is the most populous city in Pakistan and 12th most populous city in the world, with a population of over 20 million. It is situated at the southern tip of the country along the Arabian Sea coast. It is the former cap ...
, Pakistan, killing 11. * 1958
Nuri al-Said Nuri Pasha al-Said CH (December 1888 – 15 July 1958) ( ar, نوري السعيد) was an Iraqi politician during the British mandate in Iraq and the Hashemite Kingdom of Iraq. He held various key cabinet positions and served eight terms as ...
becomes Prime Minister of Iraq for the eighth time. * 1969Apollo program: NASA launches
Apollo 9 Apollo 9 (March 313, 1969) was the third human spaceflight in NASA's Apollo program. Flown in low Earth orbit, it was the second crewed Apollo mission that the United States launched via a Saturn V rocket, and was the first flight of the ful ...
to test the lunar module. *
1972 Within the context of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) it was the longest year ever, as two leap seconds were added during this 366-day year, an event which has not since been repeated. (If its start and end are defined using Solar time, me ...
Mohawk Airlines Flight 405 Mohawk Airlines Flight 405, a Fairchild Hiller FH-227 twin-engine turboprop airliner registered N7818M, was a domestic scheduled passenger flight operated by Mohawk Airlines that crashed into a house within the city limits of Albany, New York on ...
crashes as a result of a control malfunction and insufficient training in emergency procedures. * 1974
Turkish Airlines Flight 981 Turkish Airlines Flight 981 was a scheduled flight from Istanbul Yeşilköy Airport to London Heathrow Airport, with an intermediate stop at Orly Airport in Paris. On 3 March 1974, the McDonnell Douglas DC-10 operating the flight crashed into ...
crashes at
Ermenonville Ermenonville () is a commune in the Oise department, northern France. Ermenonville is notable for its park named for Jean-Jacques Rousseau by René Louis de Girardin. Rousseau's tomb was designed by the painter Hubert Robert, and sits on the Isl ...
near Paris, France killing all 346 aboard. * 1980 – The is decommissioned and stricken from the
Naval Vessel Register The ''Naval Vessel Register'' (NVR) is the official inventory of ships and service craft in custody of or titled by the United States Navy. It contains information on ships and service craft that make up the official inventory of the Navy from t ...
. * 1985
Arthur Scargill Arthur Scargill (born 11 January 1938) is a British trade unionist who was President of the National Union of Mineworkers (NUM) from 1982 to 2002. He is best known for leading the UK miners' strike (1984–85), a major event in the history of ...
declares that the National Union of Mineworkers' national executive voted to end the longest-running industrial dispute in Great Britain without any peace deal over pit closures. * 1985 – A magnitude 8.3 earthquake strikes the
Valparaíso Region The Valparaíso Region ( es, Región de Valparaíso, links=no, ) is one of Chile's 16 first order administrative divisions.Valparaíso Region, 2006 With the country's second-highest population of 1,790,219 , and fourth-smallest area of , ...
of
Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in the western part of South America. It is the southernmost country in the world, and the closest to Antarctica, occupying a long and narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east a ...
, killing 177 and leaving nearly a million people homeless. *
1986 The year 1986 was designated as the International Year of Peace by the United Nations. Events January * January 1 ** Aruba gains increased autonomy from the Netherlands by separating from the Netherlands Antilles. **Spain and Portugal ente ...
– The
Australia Act 1986 The Australia Act 1986 is the short title of each of a pair of separate but related pieces of legislation: one an Act of Parliament, Act of the Commonwealth (i.e. federal) Parliament of Australia, the other an Act of Parliament (UK), Act of ...
commences, causing
Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...
to become fully independent from the
United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotland, Wales and North ...
. *
1991 File:1991 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Boris Yeltsin, elected as Russia's first president, waves the new flag of Russia after the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, orchestrated by Soviet hardliners; Mount Pinatubo erupts in the Phil ...
– An amateur video captures the beating of
Rodney King Rodney Glen King (April 2, 1965June 17, 2012) was an African American man who was a victim of police brutality. On March 3, 1991, he was beaten by Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) officers during his arrest after a pursuit for driving whi ...
by Los Angeles police officers. * 1991 –
United Airlines Flight 585 United Airlines Flight 585 was a scheduled passenger flight on March 3, 1991 from Denver to Colorado Springs, Colorado, carrying 20 passengers and 5 crew members on board. The plane experienced a rudder hardover while on final approach to runway ...
crashes on its final approach to
Colorado Springs Colorado Springs is a home rule municipality in, and the county seat of, El Paso County, Colorado, United States. It is the largest city in El Paso County, with a population of 478,961 at the 2020 United States Census, a 15.02% increase since ...
killing everyone on board. *
2005 File:2005 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: Hurricane Katrina in the Gulf of Mexico; the Funeral of Pope John Paul II is held in Vatican City; "Me at the zoo", the first video ever to be uploaded to YouTube; Eris was discovered in ...
James Roszko murders four
Royal Canadian Mounted Police The Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP; french: Gendarmerie royale du Canada; french: GRC, label=none), commonly known in English as the Mounties (and colloquially in French as ) is the federal police, federal and national police service of ...
constables during a drug bust at his property in
Rochfort Bridge, Alberta Rochfort Bridge is a hamlet in Alberta, Canada within Lac Ste. Anne County. It is located approximately northwest of Edmonton and east of Mayerthorpe. Rochfort Bridge is named for Cooper (Cowper) Rochfort, who with his associate, Percy Mic ...
, then commits suicide. This is the deadliest peace-time incident for the RCMP since 1885 and the
North-West Rebellion The North-West Rebellion (french: Rébellion du Nord-Ouest), also known as the North-West Resistance, was a resistance by the Métis people under Louis Riel and an associated uprising by First Nations Cree and Assiniboine of the District of S ...
. * 2005 –
Steve Fossett James Stephen Fossett (April 22, 1944 – September 3, 2007) was an American businessman and a record-setting aviator, sailor, and adventurer. He was the first person to fly solo nonstop around the world in a balloon and in a fixed-wing aircraf ...
becomes the first person to fly an airplane non-stop around the world solo without refueling. * 2005 –
Margaret Wilson Margaret Anne Wilson (born 20 May 1947) is a New Zealand lawyer, academic and former Labour Party politician. She served as Attorney-General from 1999 to 2005 and Speaker of the House of Representatives from 2005 to 2008, during the Fifth L ...
is elected as
Speaker of the New Zealand House of Representatives Speaker may refer to: Society and politics * Speaker (politics), the presiding officer in a legislative assembly * Public speaker, one who gives a speech or lecture * A person producing speech: the producer of a given utterance, especially: ** In ...
, beginning a period lasting until August 23, 2006, where all the highest political offices (including
Elizabeth II Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary; 21 April 1926 – 8 September 2022) was Queen of the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth realms from 6 February 1952 until her death in 2022. She was queen regnant of 32 sovereign states during ...
as Head of State), were occupied by women, making New Zealand the first country for this to occur. *
2013 File:2013 Events Collage V2.png, From left, clockwise: Edward Snowden becomes internationally famous for leaking classified NSA wiretapping information; Typhoon Haiyan kills over 6,000 in the Philippines and Southeast Asia; The Dhaka garment fact ...
– A
bomb blast An explosion is a rapid expansion in volume associated with an extreme outward release of energy, usually with the generation of high temperatures and release of high-pressure gases. Supersonic explosions created by high explosives are known ...
in
Karachi Karachi (; ur, ; ; ) is the most populous city in Pakistan and 12th most populous city in the world, with a population of over 20 million. It is situated at the southern tip of the country along the Arabian Sea coast. It is the former cap ...
, Pakistan, kills at least 45 people and injured 180 others in a predominantly
Shia Muslim Shīʿa Islam or Shīʿīsm is the second-largest branch of Islam. It holds that the Islamic prophet Muhammad designated ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib as his successor (''khalīfa'') and the Imam (spiritual and political leader) after him, most ...
area. * 2017 – The
Nintendo Switch The is a hybrid video game console developed by Nintendo and released worldwide in most regions on March 3, 2017. The console itself is a Tablet computer#Gaming tablet, tablet that can either be docking station, docked for use as a home video ...
releases worldwide.


Births


Pre-1600

* 1455
John II of Portugal John II ( pt, João II; ; 3 March 1455 – 25 October 1495), called the Perfect Prince ( pt, o Príncipe Perfeito, link=no), was King of Portugal from 1481 until his death in 1495, and also for a brief time in 1477. He is known for re-establishi ...
(d. 1495) * 1455 –
Ascanio Sforza Ascanio Maria Sforza Visconti (3 March 1455 – 28 May 1505) was an Italian Cardinal of the Catholic Church. Generally known as a skilled diplomat who played a major role in the election of Rodrigo Borgia as Pope Alexander VI, Sforza served a ...
, Catholic cardinal (d. 1505) *
1506 __NOTOC__ Year 1506 ( MDVI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–June * January 14 – The classical statue of ''Laocoön and His Sons'' is uneart ...
Luís of Portugal, Duke of Beja Infante Luís of Portugal, Duke of Beja (3 March 1506, in Abrantes – 27 November 1555, in Marvila, in Lisbon) was the second son of King Manuel I of Portugal and his second wife Maria of Aragon (the third daughter of the Catholic Monarchs ...
(d. 1555) * 1520
Matthias Flacius Matthias Flacius Illyricus (Latin; hr, Matija Vlačić Ilirik) or Francovich ( hr, Franković) (3 March 1520 – 11 March 1575) was a Lutheran reformer from Istria, present-day Croatia. He was notable as a theologian, sometimes dissenting strong ...
, Croatian theologian and reformer (d. 1575) * 1583
Edward Herbert, 1st Baron Herbert of Cherbury Edward Herbert, 1st Baron Herbert of Cherbury (or Chirbury) KB (3 March 1583 – 5 August 1648) was an English soldier, diplomat, historian, poet and religious philosopher of the Kingdom of England. Life Early life Edward Herbert was the ...
, English-Welsh soldier, historian, and diplomat (d. 1648) * 1589
Gisbertus Voetius Gisbertus Voetius ( Latinized version of the Dutch name Gijsbert Voet ; 3 March 1589 – 1 November 1676) was a Dutch Calvinist theologian. Life He was born at Heusden, in the Dutch Republic, studied at Leiden, and in 1611 became Protestant past ...
, Dutch minister, theologian, and academic (d. 1676)


1601–1900

* 1606
Edmund Waller Edmund Waller, FRS (3 March 1606 – 21 October 1687) was an English poet and politician who was Member of Parliament for various constituencies between 1624 and 1687, and one of the longest serving members of the English House of Commons. S ...
, English poet and politician (d. 1687) * 1652
Thomas Otway Thomas Otway (3 March 165214 April 1685) was an English dramatist of the Restoration period, best known for '' Venice Preserv'd'', or ''A Plot Discover'd'' (1682). Life Otway was born at Trotton near Midhurst, the parish of which his fathe ...
, English playwright and author (d. 1685) *
1678 Events January–March * January 10 – England and the Dutch Republic sign a mutual defense treaty in order to fight against France. * January 27 – The first fire engine company (in what will become the United States) goe ...
Madeleine de Verchères Marie-Madeleine Jarret, known as Madeleine de Verchères ((); 3 March 1678 – 8 August 1747) was a woman of New France (modern Quebec) credited with repelling a raid on Fort Verchères when she was 14 years old. Early life Madeleine's f ...
, Canadian rebel leader (d. 1747) * 1756
William Godwin William Godwin (3 March 1756 – 7 April 1836) was an English journalist, political philosopher and novelist. He is considered one of the first exponents of utilitarianism and the first modern proponent of anarchism. Godwin is most famous for ...
, English journalist and author (d. 1836) * 1778
Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz Frederica Louise Caroline Sophie Alexandrina of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (german: Friederike Louise Caroline Sophie Alexandrine; 3 March 1778 – 29 June 1841) was a German princess who married successively Prince Louis Charles of Prussia, Prince ...
(d. 1841) * 1793
William Macready William Charles Macready (3 March 179327 April 1873) was an English actor. Life He was born in London the son of William Macready the elder, and actress Christina Ann Birch. Educated at Rugby School where he became headboy, and where now the ...
, English actor and manager (d. 1873) * 1800Heinrich Georg Bronn, German geologist and paleontologist (d. 1862) * 1803
Thomas Field Gibson Thomas Field Gibson FGS (3 March 1803 – 12 December 1889) was a Unitarian silk manufacturer and philanthropist. He supported several novel initiatives to enhance British manufacturing quality and international trade while improving life fo ...
, English manufacturer who aided the welfare of the
Spitalfields Spitalfields is a district in the East End of London and within the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. The area is formed around Commercial Street (on the A1202 London Inner Ring Road) and includes the locale around Brick Lane, Christ Church, ...
silk weavers (d. 1889) * 1805
Jonas Furrer Jonas Furrer (3 March 1805 – 25 July 1861) was a Swiss lawyer and politician who served as member of the Federal Council, from 1848 to 1861, and as the first president of the Swiss Confederation from 1848 to 1849, and again in 1852, 1855 and 1 ...
, Swiss politician (d. 1861) *
1816 This year was known as the ''Year Without a Summer'', because of low temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere, possibly the result of the Mount Tambora volcanic eruption in Indonesia in 1815, causing severe global cooling, catastrophic in s ...
William James Blacklock William James Blacklock (3 March 1816 – 12 March 1858) was an English landscape painter, painting scenery in Cumbria, the Lake District and the Scottish Borders. Biography Blacklock was born in Shoreditch, London, the second of five children ...
, English-Scottish painter (d. 1858) * 1819
Gustave de Molinari Gustave de Molinari (; 3 March 1819 – 28 January 1912) was a Belgian political economist and French Liberal School theorist associated with French ''laissez-faire'' economists such as Frédéric Bastiat and Hippolyte Castille. Biography B ...
, Dutch-Belgian economist and theorist (d. 1912) * 1825Shiranui Kōemon, Japanese sumo wrestler (d. 1879) * 1831
George Pullman George Mortimer Pullman (March 3, 1831 – October 19, 1897) was an American engineer and industrialist. He designed and manufactured the Pullman sleeping car and founded a company town, Pullman, for the workers who manufactured it. This ulti ...
, American engineer and businessman, founded the Pullman Company (d. 1897) * 1839
Jamsetji Tata Jamsetji (Jamshedji) Nusserwanji Tata (3 March 1839 – 19 May 1904) was an Indian pioneer industrialist who founded the Tata Group, India's biggest conglomerate company. Named the greatest philanthropist of the last century by several poll ...
, Indian businessman, founded
Tata Group The Tata Group () is an Indian multinational conglomerate headquartered in Mumbai. Established in 1868, it is India's largest conglomerate, with products and services in over 150 countries, and operations in 100 countries across six continents ...
(d. 1904) * 1841John Murray, Canadian-Scottish oceanographer and biologist (d. 1914) *
1845 Events January–March * January 10 – Elizabeth Barrett receives a love letter from the younger poet Robert Browning; on May 20, they meet for the first time in London. She begins writing her ''Sonnets from the Portuguese''. * January 23 ...
Georg Cantor Georg Ferdinand Ludwig Philipp Cantor ( , ;  – January 6, 1918) was a German mathematician. He played a pivotal role in the creation of set theory, which has become a fundamental theory in mathematics. Cantor established the importance of ...
, Russian-German mathematician and philosopher (d. 1918) * 1847
Alexander Graham Bell Alexander Graham Bell (, born Alexander Bell; March 3, 1847 – August 2, 1922) was a Scottish-born inventor, scientist and engineer who is credited with patenting the first practical telephone. He also co-founded the American Telephone and Te ...
, Scottish-American engineer and academic, invented the
telephone A telephone is a telecommunications device that permits two or more users to conduct a conversation when they are too far apart to be easily heard directly. A telephone converts sound, typically and most efficiently the human voice, into e ...
(d. 1922) * 1860
John Montgomery Ward John Montgomery Ward (March 3, 1860 – March 4, 1925), known as Monte Ward, was an American Major League Baseball pitcher, shortstop, second baseman, third baseman, manager, executive, union organizer, owner and author. Ward, of English descent ...
, American baseball player and manager (d. 1925) * 1866Fred A. Busse, American lawyer and politician, 39th
Mayor of Chicago The mayor of Chicago is the chief executive of city government in Chicago, Illinois, the third-largest city in the United States. The mayor is responsible for the administration and management of various city departments, submits proposals and r ...
(d. 1914) *
1868 Events January–March * January 2 – British Expedition to Abyssinia: Robert Napier leads an expedition to free captive British officials and missionaries. * January 3 – The 15-year-old Mutsuhito, Emperor Meiji of Jap ...
Émile Chartier Émile-Auguste Chartier (; 3 March 1868 – 2 June 1951), commonly known as Alain (), was a French philosopher, journalist, and pacifist. He adopted his pseudonym in homage to the 15th-century Norman poet Alain Chartier. Early life Alain was bo ...
, French philosopher and journalist (d. 1951) * 1869
Henry Wood Sir Henry Joseph Wood (3 March 186919 August 1944) was an English conductor best known for his association with London's annual series of promenade concerts, known as the Proms. He conducted them for nearly half a century, introducing hund ...
, English conductor (d. 1944) * 1871
Maurice Garin Maurice-François Garin (; 3 March 1871 – 19 February 1957) was an Italian then French road bicycle racer best known for winning the inaugural Tour de France in 1903, and for being stripped of his title in the second Tour in 1904 along with ...
, Italian-French cyclist (d. 1957) * 1873William Green, American union leader and politician (d. 1952) * 1880
Florence Auer Florence Auer (March 3, 1880 – May 14, 1962) was an American theater and motion picture actress whose career spanned more than five decades. Life and career Born in Albany, New York, Auer began her career on East Coast stages at the turn ...
, American actress and screenwriter (d. 1962) * 1880 –
Yōsuke Matsuoka was a Japanese diplomat and Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Empire of Japan during the early stages of World War II. He is best known for his defiant speech at the League of Nations in February 1933, ending Japan's participation in the organ ...
, Japanese politician, Japanese Minister of Foreign Affairs (d. 1946) * 1882Elisabeth Abegg, German anti-Nazi resistance fighter (d. 1974) * 1882 – Charles Ponzi, Italian businessman (d. 1949) *
1883 Events January–March * January 4 – ''Life'' magazine is founded in Los Angeles, California, United States. * January 10 – A fire at the Newhall Hotel in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States, kills 73 people. * Ja ...
Cyril Burt Sir Cyril Lodowic Burt, FBA (3 March 1883 – 10 October 1971) was an English educational psychologist and geneticist who also made contributions to statistics. He is known for his studies on the heritability of IQ. Shortly after he died, his s ...
, English psychologist and geneticist (d. 1971) * 1883 –
Paul Marais de Beauchamp Charles Alfred Paul Marais de Beauchamp (3 March 1883 – 30 January 1977), 5th Baron Soye, was a French zoologist. Life Paul Marais de Beauchamp was born in 1883 in Paris as the first son of Etienne Arthur Marais de Beauchamp, office manager of ...
, French zoologist (d. 1977) * 1887Lincoln J. Beachey, American pilot (d. 1915) * 1891
Damaskinos of Athens Archbishop Damaskinos Papandreou ( el, Αρχιεπίσκοπος Δαμασκηνός Παπανδρέου), born Dimitrios Papandreou ( el, Δημήτριος Παπανδρέου; 3 March 1891 – 20 May 1949) was the archbishop of Athen ...
, Greek archbishop (d. 1949) * 1893
Beatrice Wood Beatrice Wood (March 3, 1893 – March 12, 1998) was an American artist and studio potter involved in the Avant Garde movement in the United States; she founded and edited ''The Blind Man'' and '' Rongwrong'' magazines in New York City with Fren ...
, American illustrator and potter (d. 1998) * 1895
Ragnar Frisch Ragnar Anton Kittil Frisch (3 March 1895 – 31 January 1973) was an influential Norwegian economist known for being one of the major contributors to establishing economics as a quantitative and statistically informed science in the early 20th ce ...
, Norwegian economist and academic,
Nobel Prize The Nobel Prizes ( ; sv, Nobelpriset ; no, Nobelprisen ) are five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's will of 1895, are awarded to "those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind." Alfr ...
laureate (d. 1973) * 1895 –
Matthew Ridgway General Matthew Bunker Ridgway (March 3, 1895 – July 26, 1993) was a senior officer in the United States Army, who served as Supreme Allied Commander Europe (1952–1953) and the 19th Chief of Staff of the United States Army (1953–1955). Altho ...
, American general (d. 1993) * 1898Emil Artin, Austrian-German mathematician and academic (d. 1962) *
1900 As of March 1 ( O.S. February 17), when the Julian calendar acknowledged a leap day and the Gregorian calendar did not, the Julian calendar fell one day further behind, bringing the difference to 13 days until February 28 ( O.S. February 15), 2 ...
Edna Best Edna Clara Best (3 March 1900 – 18 September 1974) was a British actress. Early life Born in Hove, Sussex, England, she was educated in Brighton and later studied dramatic acting under Miss Kate Rorke who was the first professor of Drama at ...
, British stage and film actress, appeared on early television in 1938 (d. 1974)


1901–present

* 1901
Claude Choules Claude Stanley Choules (; 3 March 1901 – 5 May 2011) was an English-born military serviceman from Pershore, Worcestershire, who at the time of his death was the oldest combat veteran of the First World War from England, having served wit ...
, English-Australian soldier (d. 2011) * 1902
Ruby Dandridge Ruby Jean Dandridge (née Butler; March 3, 1900 – October 17, 1987) was an American actress from the early 1900s through to the late 1950s. Dandridge is best known for her role on the radio show '' Amos 'n Andy'', in which she played Sadi ...
, African-American film and radio actress (d. 1987) * 1903Vasily Kozlov, Belarusian general and politician (d. 1967) * 1906Artur Lundkvist, Swedish poet and critic (d. 1991) * 1911
Jean Harlow Jean Harlow (born Harlean Harlow Carpenter; March 3, 1911 – June 7, 1937) was an American actress. Known for her portrayal of "bad girl" characters, she was the leading sex symbol of the early 1930s and one of the defining figures of the ...
, American actress (d. 1937) * 1911 –
Hugues Lapointe Hugues Lapointe (March 3, 1911 – November 13, 1982) was a Canadian lawyer, Member of Parliament and Lieutenant Governor of Quebec from 1966 to 1978. Life and career Born in Rivière-du-Loup, Quebec, the son of the Canadian Member of ...
, Canadian lawyer and politician, 22nd Lieutenant Governor of Quebec (d. 1982) * 1913
Margaret Bonds Margaret Allison Bonds ( – ) was an American composer, pianist, arranger, and teacher. One of the first Black composers and performers to gain recognition in the United States, she is best remembered today for her popular arrangements of Afric ...
, American pianist and composer (d. 1972) * 1913 – Harold J. Stone, American actor (d. 2005) *
1914 This year saw the beginning of what became known as World War I, after Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, heir to the Austrian throne was Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, assassinated by Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip. It als ...
Asger Jorn Asger Oluf Jorn (3 March 1914 – 1 May 1973) was a Danish painter, sculptor, ceramic artist, and author. He was a founding member of the avant-garde movement COBRA and the Situationist International. He was born in Vejrum, in the northwest c ...
, Danish painter and sculptor (d. 1973) * 1916
Paul Halmos Paul Richard Halmos ( hu, Halmos Pál; March 3, 1916 – October 2, 2006) was a Hungarian-born American mathematician and statistician who made fundamental advances in the areas of mathematical logic, probability theory, statistics, operator ...
, Hungarian-American mathematician (d. 2006) * 1917
Sameera Moussa Sameera Moussa () (March 3, 1917 – August 5, 1952) was the first female Egyptian nuclear physicist. Sameera held a doctorate in atomic radiation. She hoped her work would one day lead to affordable medical treatments and the peaceful use of ...
, Egyptian physicist and academic (d. 1952) * 1918
Arthur Kornberg Arthur Kornberg (March 3, 1918 – October 26, 2007) was an American biochemist who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1959 for the discovery of "the mechanisms in the biological synthesis of ribonucleic acid and deoxyribonucleic ac ...
, American biochemist and academic,
Nobel Prize The Nobel Prizes ( ; sv, Nobelpriset ; no, Nobelprisen ) are five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's will of 1895, are awarded to "those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind." Alfr ...
laureate (d. 2007) * 1920
Julius Boros Julius Nicholas Boros (March 3, 1920 – May 28, 1994) was an American professional golfer noted for his effortless-looking swing and strong record on difficult golf courses, particularly at the U.S. Open. Early years Born in Fairfield, Connecti ...
, American golfer and accountant (d. 1994) * 1920 –
James Doohan James Montgomery Doohan (; March 3, 1920 – July 20, 2005) was a Canadian actor, author and soldier, best known for his role as Montgomery "Scotty" Scott in the television and film series '' Star Trek''. Doohan's characterization of the Scottis ...
, Canadian-American actor and soldier (d. 2005) * 1920 –
Ronald Searle Ronald William Fordham Searle, CBE, RDI (3 March 1920 – 30 December 2011) was an English artist and satirical cartoonist, comics artist, sculptor, medal designer and illustrator. He is perhaps best remembered as the creator of St Trinian's S ...
, English-French soldier and illustrator (d. 2011) * 1921
Diana Barrymore Diana Blanche Barrymore Blythe (March 3, 1921 – January 25, 1960), known professionally as Diana Barrymore, was an American film and stage actress. Early life Born Diana Blanche Barrymore Blythe in New York, New York, Diana Barrymore was t ...
, American actress (d. 1960) *
1922 Events January * January 7 – Dáil Éireann (Irish Republic), Dáil Éireann, the parliament of the Irish Republic, ratifies the Anglo-Irish Treaty by 64–57 votes. * January 10 – Arthur Griffith is elected President of Dáil Éirean ...
Nándor Hidegkuti Nándor Hidegkuti (3 March 1922 – 14 February 2002) was a Hungarian football player and manager. He played as a forward or attacking midfielder and spent the majority of his playing career at MTK Hungária FC. During the 1950s he was also ...
, Hungarian footballer and manager (d. 2002) * 1923Barney Martin, American police officer and actor (d. 2005) * 1923 –
Doc Watson Arthel Lane "Doc" Watson (March 3, 1923 – May 29, 2012) was an American guitarist, songwriter, and singer of bluegrass, folk, country, blues, and gospel music. Watson won seven Grammy awards as well as a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. W ...
, American bluegrass singer-songwriter and musician (d. 2012) * 1924
Tomiichi Murayama is a Japanese politician who served as Prime Minister of Japan from 1994 to 1996. He led the Japanese Socialist Party, and was responsible for changing its name to the Social Democratic Party (Japan), Social Democratic Party of Japan in 1996. Up ...
, Japanese soldier and politician, 52nd
Prime Minister of Japan The prime minister of Japan (Japanese: 内閣総理大臣, Hepburn: ''Naikaku Sōri-Daijin'') is the head of government of Japan. The prime minister chairs the Cabinet of Japan and has the ability to select and dismiss its Ministers of Stat ...
* 1926
James Merrill James Ingram Merrill (March 3, 1926 – February 6, 1995) was an American poet. He was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for poetry in 1977 for ''Divine Comedies.'' His poetry falls into two distinct bodies of work: the polished and formalist lyri ...
, American poet and playwright (d. 1995) * 1927
Pierre Aubert Pierre Aubert (3 March 1927 – 8 June 2016) was a Swiss politician, lawyer and member of the Swiss Federal Council (1978–1987). Political career He was elected to the Swiss Federal Council on 7 December 1977 as member of the Social Democratic ...
, Swiss lawyer and politician (d. 2016) * 1930
Ion Iliescu Ion Iliescu (; born 3 March 1930) is a Romanian politician and engineer who served as President of Romania from 1989 until 1996 and from 2000 until 2004. Between 1996 and 2000 and also from 2004 to 2008, the year in which he retired, Iliescu ...
, Romanian engineer and politician, 2nd
President of Romania The president of Romania ( ro, Președintele României) is the head of state of Romania. Following a modification to the Constitution of Romania, Romanian Constitution in 2003, the president is directly elected by a two-round system and serves ...
* 1932
Roy Fisher Roy Fisher (11 June 1930 – 21 March 2017) was an English poet and jazz pianist. His poetry shows an openness to both European and American modernist influences, while remaining grounded in the experience of living in the English Midlands. ...
, Australian rugby league player * 1934
Peter Brooke, Baron Brooke of Sutton Mandeville Peter Leonard Brooke, Baron Brooke of Sutton Mandeville, (born 3 March 1934) is a British politician. A member of the Conservative Party, he served in the Cabinet under Prime Ministers Margaret Thatcher and John Major, and was a Member of ...
, English politician,
Secretary of State for Northern Ireland A secretary, administrative professional, administrative assistant, executive assistant, administrative officer, administrative support specialist, clerk, military assistant, management assistant, office secretary, or personal assistant is a w ...
* 1934 – Jimmy Garrison, American bassist and educator (d. 1976) * 1935
Mal Anderson Malcolm James Anderson (born 3 March 1935) is a former tennis player from Australia who was active from the mid-1950s to the early 1970s. He won the singles title at the 1957 U.S. National Championships and achieved his highest amateur ranki ...
, Australian tennis player * 1935 – Michael Walzer, American philosopher and academic * 1935 –
Zhelyu Zhelev Zhelyu Mitev Zhelev ( bg, Желю Митев Желев; 3 March 1935 – 30 January 2015) was a Bulgarian politician and former dissident who served as the first non-Communist President of Bulgaria from 1990 to 1997. Zhelev was one of the mos ...
, Bulgarian philosopher and politician, 2nd
President of Bulgaria The president of the Republic of Bulgaria is the head of state of Bulgaria and the commander-in-chief of the Bulgarian Army. The official residence of the president is at Boyana Residence, Sofia. After the completion of the second round of votin ...
(d. 2015) * 1939Larry Burkett, American author and radio host (d. 2003) * 1939 –
M. L. Jaisimha Motganhalli Laxminarsu Jaisimha (3 March 1939 – 6 July 1999) was an Indian Test cricketer. Playing career Jaisimha was a right-handed batsman who was noted for his style on and off the field. He bowled medium pace, often opening the bowling ...
, Indian cricketer (d. 1999) * 1940 – Germán Castro Caycedo, Colombian author and journalist * 1940 – Perry Ellis, American fashion designer, founded Perry Ellis (brand), Perry Ellis (d. 1986) * 1940 – Jean-Paul Proust, French-Monacan police officer and politician, 21st Minister of State (Monaco), Minister of State of Monaco (d. 2010) *1941 – Mike Pender, English singer-songwriter and guitarist *
1945 1945 marked the end of World War II and the fall of Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan. It is also the only year in which nuclear weapons have been used in combat. Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. Januar ...
– George Miller (director), George Miller, Australian director, producer, and screenwriter * 1945 – Hattie Winston, American actress *1947 – Clifton Snider, American author, poet, and critic * 1947 – Jennifer Warnes, American singer-songwriter and producer *1948 – Snowy White, English guitarist * 1948 – Steve Wilhite, American computer scientist, developer of the GIF image format at CompuServe in 1987 (d. 2022) *1949 – Ron Chernow, American historian, journalist, and author * 1949 – Bonnie J. Dunbar, American engineer, academic, and astronaut * 1949 – Jesse Jefferson, American baseball player (d. 2011) *1950 – Kamal Ahmed Majumder, Bangladeshi politician *1951 – Lindsay Cooper, English composer, bassoon and oboe player (d. 2013) * 1951 – Andy Murray (ice hockey), Andy Murray, Canadian ice hockey player and coach * 1951 – Heizō Takenaka, Japanese economist and politician *1952 – Rudy Fernandez (actor), Rudy Fernandez, Filipino actor and producer (d. 2008) * 1953 – Robyn Hitchcock, English singer-songwriter and guitarist * 1953 – Zico (footballer), Zico, Brazilian footballer and coach *1954 – Keith Fergus, American golfer * 1954 – John Lilley, American singer-songwriter and guitarist * 1954 – Édouard Lock, Moroccan-Canadian dancer and choreographer *1955 – Darnell Williams, English-American actor and director *1956 – Zbigniew Boniek, Polish footballer and manager * 1956 – John Fulton Reid, New Zealand cricketer *1957 – Stephen Budiansky, American historian, journalist, and author * 1957 – Thom Hoffman, Dutch actor and photographer * 1958 – Miranda Richardson, English actress *1959 – Ira Glass, American radio host and producer * 1959 – Duško Vujošević, Montenegrin basketball player and coach *1960 – Neal Heaton, American baseball player and coach *1961 – Mary Page Keller, American actress and producer * 1961 – John Matteson, American biographer * 1961 – Perry McCarthy, English race car driver * 1961 – Fatima Whitbread, English javelin thrower *1962 – Glen E. Friedman, American photographer * 1962 – Jackie Joyner-Kersee, American heptathlete and long jumper * 1962 – Herschel Walker, American football player, political candidate and mixed martial artist *1963 – Martín Fiz, Spanish runner * 1963 – Khaltmaagiin Battulga, 5th President of Mongolia *1964 – Raúl Alcalá, Mexican cyclist * 1964 – Laura Harring, Mexican-American model and actress, Miss USA, Miss USA 1985 * 1964 – Glenn Kulka, Canadian ice hockey player and wrestler *1965 – Dragan Stojković, Serbian footballer and manager *1966 – Tone Lōc, American rapper, producer, and actor * 1966 – Timo Tolkki, Finnish guitarist, songwriter, and producer *1968 – Brian Cox (physicist), Brian Cox, English keyboard player and physicist * 1968 – Brian Leetch, American ice hockey player *1970 – Julie Bowen, American actress * 1970 – Inzamam-ul-Haq, Pakistani cricketer and coach *1971 – Charlie Brooker, English journalist, producer, and author * 1971 – Tyler Florence, American chef and author *
1972 Within the context of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) it was the longest year ever, as two leap seconds were added during this 366-day year, an event which has not since been repeated. (If its start and end are defined using Solar time, me ...
– Darren Anderton, English international footballer and sportscaster *1973 – Xavier Bettel, Luxembourger lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of Luxembourg *1975 – Patric Chiha, Austrian film director and screenwriter * 1974 – David Faustino, American actor, producer, and screenwriter *1976 – Fraser Gehrig, Australian footballer * 1976 – Isabel Granada, Filipino-Spanish actress (d. 2017) * 1976 – Keit Pentus-Rosimannus, Estonian politician, 28th Minister of Foreign Affairs (Estonia), Estonian Minister of Foreign Affairs * 1976 – Kampamba Mulenga Chilumba, Zambian politician *1977 – Ronan Keating, Irish singer-songwriter and actor * 1977 – Buddy Valastro, American chef and television host *1979 – Albert Jorquera, Spanish footballer *1981 – Julius Malema, South African politician * 1981 – Emmanuel Pappoe, Ghanaian footballer *1982 – Jessica Biel, American actress, singer, and producer * 1982 – Colton Orr, Canadian ice hockey player * 1982 – Tolu Ogunlesi, Nigerian journalist and writer * 1982 – Brent Tate, Australian rugby league player *1983 – Ashley Hansen, Australian footballer * 1983 – Sarah Poewe, South African swimmer *1984 – Valerio Bernabò, Italian rugby player * 1984 – Santonio Holmes, American football player * 1984 – Alexander Semin, Russian ice hockey player *
1986 The year 1986 was designated as the International Year of Peace by the United Nations. Events January * January 1 ** Aruba gains increased autonomy from the Netherlands by separating from the Netherlands Antilles. **Spain and Portugal ente ...
– Jed Collins, American football player * 1986 – Stacie Orrico, American singer-songwriter * 1986 – Mehmet Topal, Turkish footballer *1987 – Jesús Padilla, Mexican footballer * 1987 – Shraddha Kapoor, Indian actress, singer, and designer *1988 – Teodora Mirčić, Serbian tennis player * 1988 – Michael Morrison (footballer), Michael Morrison, English footballer * 1988 – Jan-Arie van der Heijden, Dutch footballer * 1988 – Max Waller, English cricketer *1989 – Erwin Mulder, Dutch footballer *1990 – Vlado Janković (basketball), Vladimir Janković, Greek-Serbian basketball player *
1991 File:1991 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Boris Yeltsin, elected as Russia's first president, waves the new flag of Russia after the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, orchestrated by Soviet hardliners; Mount Pinatubo erupts in the Phil ...
– Anri Sakaguchi, Japanese actress * 1991 – Park Cho-rong, Cho-rong, South Korean singer *1993 – Gabriela Cé, Brazilian tennis player * 1993 – Josef Dostál (canoeist), Josef Dostál, Czech kayaker * 1993 – James Roberts (rugby league), James Roberts, Australian rugby league player *1994 – Umika Kawashima, Japanese singer and actress *1995 – Maine Mendoza, Filipina actress *1996 – Cameron Johnson, American basketball player * 1996 – Andile Phehlukwayo, South African cricketer *1997 – Camila Cabello, Cuban-American singer *1998 – Jayson Tatum, American basketball player


Deaths


Pre-1600

* 532 – Winwaloe, founder of Landévennec Abbey (b. c. 460) *1009 – Abd al-Rahman Sanchuelo, Umayyad chief minister (b. 983) *1195 – Hugh de Puiset, bishop of Durham (b. c. 1125) *1239 – Vladimir IV Rurikovich, Grand Prince of Kiev (b. 1187) *1311 – Antony Bek (bishop of Durham), Antony Bek, bishop of Durham *1323 – Andrew Harclay, 1st Earl of Carlisle, English military leader *1383 – Hugh III of Arborea, Hugh III, Italian nobleman *1459 – Ausiàs March, Catalan knight and poet (b. 1397) *1542 – Arthur Plantagenet, 1st Viscount Lisle, illegitimate son of Edward IV *1554 – John Frederick I, Elector of Saxony, John Frederick I, Elector of Saxony (b. 1503) *1578 – Sebastiano Venier, doge of Venice (b. 1496) * 1578 – Michael Kantakouzenos Şeytanoğlu, Ottoman Greek magnate *1588 – Henry XI of Legnica, Henry XI, duke of Legnica (b. 1539) *1592 – Michael Coxcie, Flemish painter (b. 1499)


1601–1900

*1611 – William Douglas, 10th Earl of Angus, Scottish nobleman (b. 1552) *1616 – Matthias de l'Obel, Flemish physician and botanist (b. 1538) *1700 – Rajaram I, Chhatrapati Rajaram, 3rd Chhatrapati of Maratha Empire (b. 1670) *1703 – Robert Hooke, English architect and philosopher (b. 1635) *1744 – Jean Barbeyrac, French scholar and jurist (b. 1674) *1765 – William Stukeley, English archaeologist and historian (b. 1687) *1768 – Nicola Porpora, Italian composer and educator (b. 1686) *1789 – Ghulam Kadir, leader of the Afghan Rohilla *1792 – Robert Adam, Scottish-English architect and politician, designed the Culzean Castle (b. 1728) *1850 – Oliver Cowdery, American religious leader (b. 1806) *1894 – Ned Williamson, American baseball player (b. 1857)


1901–present

* 1901 – George Gilman, American businessman, founded The Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Company (b. 1826) *1905 – Antonio Annetto Caruana, Maltese archaeologist and author (b. 1830) * 1927 – Mikhail Artsybashev, Ukrainian author and playwright (b. 1878) * 1927 – J. G. Parry-Thomas, Welsh race car driver and engineer (b. 1884) *1929 – Katharine Wright, American educator (b. 1874) * 1932 – Eugen d'Albert, Scottish-German pianist and composer (b. 1864) * 1943 – George Thompson (cricketer), George Thompson, English cricketer and umpire (b. 1877) *1959 – Lou Costello, American actor and comedian (b. 1906) *1961 – Azizul Haq, Bengali Islamic scholar (b. 1903) * 1961 – Paul Wittgenstein, Austrian-American pianist (b. 1887) *1966 – Joseph Fields, American playwright, director, and producer (b. 1895) * 1966 – William Frawley, American actor and vaudevillian (b. 1887) * 1966 – Alice Pearce, American actress (b. 1917) *1981 – Rebecca Lancefield, American microbiologist and researcher (b. 1895) *1982 – Firaq Gorakhpuri, Indian poet and critic (b. 1896) * 1982 – Georges Perec, French author and screenwriter (b. 1936) *1983 – Hergé, Belgian author and illustrator (b. 1907) *1987 – Danny Kaye, American actor, singer, and dancer (b. 1911) *1988 – Henryk Szeryng, Polish-Mexican violinist and composer (b. 1918) * 1988 – Sewall Wright, American biologist and geneticist (b. 1889) *1990 – Charlotte Moore Sitterly, American astronomer (b. 1898) *
1991 File:1991 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Boris Yeltsin, elected as Russia's first president, waves the new flag of Russia after the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, orchestrated by Soviet hardliners; Mount Pinatubo erupts in the Phil ...
– Arthur Murray, American dancer and educator (b. 1895) * 1991 – William Penney, Baron Penney, Gibraltar-born English mathematician, physicist, and academic (b. 1909) *1993 – Mel Bradford, American author and critic (b. 1934) * 1993 – Carlos Marcello, Tunisian-American mob boss (b. 1910) * 1993 – Carlos Montoya, Spanish guitarist and composer (b. 1903) * 1993 – Albert Sabin, Polish-American physician and virologist (b. 1906) *1994 – John Edward Williams, American author and academic (b. 1922) *1995 – Howard W. Hunter, American religious leader, 14th President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1907) *1996 – Marguerite Duras, French author and director (b. 1914) * 1996 – John Krol, American cardinal (b. 1910) *1998 – Fred W. Friendly, American journalist and broadcaster (b. 1915) *1999 – Gerhard Herzberg, German-Canadian chemist and astronomer, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1904) * 1999 – Lee Philips, American actor and director (b. 1927) *2000 – Toni Ortelli, Italian composer and conductor (b. 1904) *2001 – Louis Edmonds, American actor (b. 1923) * 2001 – Eugene Sledge, American soldier, author, and academic (b. 1923) *2002 – G. M. C. Balayogi, Indian lawyer and politician, 12th Speaker of the Lok Sabha (b. 1951) *2003 – Horst Buchholz, German actor (b. 1933) * 2003 – Luis Marden, American linguist, photographer, and explorer (b. 1913) * 2003 – Goffredo Petrassi, Italian composer and conductor (b. 1904) *
2005 File:2005 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: Hurricane Katrina in the Gulf of Mexico; the Funeral of Pope John Paul II is held in Vatican City; "Me at the zoo", the first video ever to be uploaded to YouTube; Eris was discovered in ...
– Max Fisher, American businessman and philanthropist (b. 1928) *2006 – Ivor Cutler, Scottish poet and songwriter (b. 1923) * 2006 – Else Fisher, Australian-Swedish dancer, choreographer, and director (b. 1918) * 2006 – William Herskovic, Hungarian-American humanitarian (b. 1914) *2007 – Osvaldo Cavandoli, Italian cartoonist (b. 1920) *2008 – Giuseppe Di Stefano, Italian tenor and actor (b. 1921) * 2008 – Norman Smith (record producer), Norman Smith, English drummer and producer (b. 1923) *2009 – Gilbert Parent, Canadian educator and politician, 33rd Speaker of the House of Commons of Canada (b. 1935) *2010 – Keith Alexander (footballer), Keith Alexander, English footballer and manager (b. 1956) * 2010 – Michael Foot, English journalist and politician, Secretary of State for Employment (b. 1913) *2011 – May Cutler, Canadian journalist, author, and politician (b. 1923) *2012 – Ralph McQuarrie, American conceptual designer and illustrator (b. 1929) * 2012 – Ronnie Montrose, American guitarist, songwriter, and producer (b. 1947) * 2012 – Alex Webster (American football), Alex Webster, American football player and coach (b. 1931) *
2013 File:2013 Events Collage V2.png, From left, clockwise: Edward Snowden becomes internationally famous for leaking classified NSA wiretapping information; Typhoon Haiyan kills over 6,000 in the Philippines and Southeast Asia; The Dhaka garment fact ...
– Luis Cubilla, Uruguayan footballer and manager (b. 1940) * 2013 – Bobby Rogers, American singer-songwriter (b. 1940) * 2013 – James Strong (Australian businessman), James Strong, Qantas CEO from 1993 to 2001 (b. 1944) *2014 – Robert Ashley, American soldier and composer (b. 1930) * 2014 – Sherwin B. Nuland, American surgeon, author, and educator (b. 1930) * 2014 – William R. Pogue, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut (b. 1930) *2015 – Ernest Braun, Austrian-English physicist and academic (b. 1925) * 2015 – M. Stanton Evans, American journalist and author (b. 1934) *2016 – Hayabusa (wrestler), Hayabusa, Japanese wrestler (b. 1968) * 2016 – Berta Cáceres, Honduran environmentalist (b. 1973) * 2016 – Martin Crowe, New Zealand cricketer and sportscaster (b. 1962) * 2016 – Thanat Khoman, Thai politician and diplomat, Deputy Prime Minister of Thailand (b. 1914) * 2016 – Sarah Tait, Australian Olympic rower (b. 1983) * 2017 – René Préval, Haitian politician (b. 1943) *2018 – Roger Bannister, English middle-distance athlete, first man to run a four-minute mile (b. 1929) * 2018 – Mal Bryce, Australian politician (b. 1943) * 2018 – Vanessa Goodwin, Australian politician (b. 1969) * 2018 – David Ogden Stiers, American actor, voice actor and musician (b. 1942) *2019 – Peter Hurford OBE, British organist and composer (b. 1930) *2020 – Charles J. Urstadt, American real estate executive and investor (b. 1928)


Holidays and observances

* Christian feast day: ** Anselm, Duke of Friuli ** Arthelais ** Cunigunde of Luxembourg ** Katharine Drexel ** John Wesley, John and Charles Wesley (Episcopal Church (USA)) ** Marinus of Caesarea, Marinus and Asterius of Caesarea, Asterius of Caesarea ** Winwaloe ** March 3 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics) * Hinamatsuri or "Girl's Day" (
Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...
) * Liberation and Freedom Day (Charlottesville, Virginia, USA) * Liberation Day (Bulgaria) * Martyrs' Day (Malawi) * Mother's Day (Georgia) * Sportsmen's Day (Egypt) * Teacher's Day (Lebanon) * World Hearing Day * World Wildlife Day


References


External links


BBC: On This Day
*
Historical Events on March 3
{{months Days of the year March