The ''Muhajirun'' (, singular , ) were the converts to Islam and the Islamic prophet

Muhammad Muhammad (8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious and political leader and the founder of Islam. Muhammad in Islam, According to Islam, he was a prophet who was divinely inspired to preach and confirm the tawhid, monotheistic teachings of A ...

's advisors and relatives, who emigrated from

Mecca Mecca, officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, is the capital of Mecca Province in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia; it is the Holiest sites in Islam, holiest city in Islam. It is inland from Jeddah on the Red Sea, in a narrow valley above ...

Medina Medina, officially al-Madinah al-Munawwarah (, ), also known as Taybah () and known in pre-Islamic times as Yathrib (), is the capital of Medina Province (Saudi Arabia), Medina Province in the Hejaz region of western Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, ...

; the event is known in Islam as the ''

Hijra Hijra, Hijrah, Hegira, Hejira, Hijrat or Hijri may refer to: Islam * Hijrah (also ''Hejira'' or ''Hegira''), the migration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in 622 CE * Migration to Abyssinia or First Hegira, of Muhammad's followers in 615 CE * L ...

''. The early Muslims from

are called the '' Ansar'' ("helpers").

During Muhammad's era

About a month after Hamzah's unsuccessful attack in the first caravan raid, Muhammad entrusted a party of sixty ''Muhajirun'' led by Ubaydah to conduct another operation at a Quraysh caravan that was returning from Syria and protected by one hundred men. The leader of this caravan was

Abu Sufyan ibn Harb Sakhr ibn Harb ibn Umayya (; ), commonly known by his ' Abu Sufiyan (), was a prominent opponent-turned companion and father-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He was the father of the first Umayyad caliph Mu'awiya I () and namesake of the S ...

. The Muslim party went as far as Thanyatul-Murra, a watering place in

Hejaz Hejaz is a Historical region, historical region of the Arabian Peninsula that includes the majority of the western region of Saudi Arabia, covering the cities of Mecca, Medina, Jeddah, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia, Tabuk, Yanbu, Taif and Al Bahah, Al-B ...

. No fighting took place, as the Quraysh were quite far from the place where Muslims were in the offing to attack the caravan. Nevertheless,

Sa`d ibn Abi Waqqas Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas ibn Wuhayb al-Zuhri () was an Arab Muslim commander. He was the founder of Kufa and served as its governor under Umar ibn al-Khattab. He played a leading role in the Muslim conquest of Persia and was a close companion of the ...

shot an arrow at the Quraysh. This is known as the first arrow of Islam. Despite this surprise attack, no fighting took place and the Muslims returned empty-handed. It is believed that Ubaydah was the first to carry the banner of Islam; others say Hamzah was the first to carry the first banner.Witness Pioneer "Pre-Badr Missions and Invasions"
/ref> Sa`d ibn Abi Waqqas was ordered to lead the third raid. His group consisted of about twenty Muhajirs. This raid was done about a month after the previous. Sa'd, with his soldiers, set up an ambush in the valley of

Kharrar The military career of Muhammad ( – 8 June 632), the Islamic prophet, encompasses several expeditions and battles throughout the Hejaz region in the western Arabian Peninsula which took place in the final ten years of his life, from 622 to 63 ...

on the road to Mecca and waited to raid a returning Meccan caravan from Syria. But the caravan had already passed and the Muslims returned to Medina without a fight.Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar p. 127Mubarakpuri, Sealed Nectar, P 147 Book contains a list of battles of Muhammad in Arabic. English versio
here
/ref> Muḥammad Ibn ʻAbd al-Wahhāb, Mukhtaṣar zād al-maʻād, p. 345. The fourth raid, known as the

invasion of Waddan The Patrol of al-Abwa or Waddan occurred on the 12th of Rajab in the second Hijri year or in Safar of the same year. Muhammad took a force of 70 men and when he reached Waddan, the Quraysh were not present. However, the Banu Damrah met with Muha ...

, was the first offensive in which Muhammad took part personally with 70, mostly Muhajir, troops. It is said that twelve months after moving to Medina, Muhammad himself led a caravan raid to Waddan (

Al-Abwa Al-Abwā' on MSA West Compendium of Muslim Texts () is a Hejazi village between Mecca and Medina belonging to the area of Rabigh, on the Tihamah, western coast of Saudi Arabia. The Prophets and messengers in Islam, Islamic Prophet Muhammad in Isla ...

). The aim was to intercept the caravans of the Quraysh. The raid party did not meet any Quraysh during the raid. The fifth raid, known as the invasion of Buwat, was also commanded by Muhammad. A month after the raid at al-Abwa, he personally led 200 men including Muhajirs and Ansars to Bawat, a place on the caravan route of the Quraysh merchants. A herd of 1,500 camels, accompanied by 100 riders under the leadership of

Umayyah ibn Khalaf Umayya ibn Khalaf ibn Habib ibn Wahb ibn Hudhafa ibn Jumah al-Jumahi (; 563 – 13 March 624) was an Arab slave master and the chieftain of the Banu Jumah of the Quraysh in the seventh century. He was one of the chief opponents against the Muslims ...

, a Quraysh. The purpose of these raids was to get back what they had lost when they migrated from Mecca to Medina to avoid persecution by Quraysh for practicing their religion. Quraysh seized the property and belongings left behind by Muslims and sold those.Muḥammad Ibn ʻAbd al-Wahhāb, Mukhtaṣar zād al-maʻād, p. 346. The caravan was led by 100 Quraysh and 2,500 camels were with them.Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar (Free Version), p. 128

Name of people

Men

Abu Bakr Abd Allah ibn Abi Quhafa (23 August 634), better known by his ''Kunya (Arabic), kunya'' Abu Bakr, was a senior Sahaba, companion, the closest friend, and father-in-law of Muhammad. He served as the first caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate, ruli ...

, First

Rashidun The Rashidun () are the first four caliphs () who led the Muslim community following the death of Muhammad: Abu Bakr (), Umar (), Uthman (), and Ali (). The reign of these caliphs, called the Rashidun Caliphate (632–661), is considered i ...

Caliph * Zaid Bin Haritha *

Uthman Uthman ibn Affan (17 June 656) was the third caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate, ruling from 644 until his assassination in 656. Uthman, a second cousin, son-in-law, and notable companion of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad, played a major role ...

, Third

Caliph *

Ali ibn Abi Talib Ali ibn Abi Talib (; ) was the fourth Rashidun caliph who ruled from until Assassination of Ali, his assassination in 661, as well as the first imamate in Shia doctrine, Shia Imam. He was the cousin and son-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muha ...

, Fourth

Caliph *

Hamza ibn Abdul-Muttalib Ḥamza ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib ibn Hāshim ibn ʿAbd Manāf al-Qurashī (; )Muhammad ibn Saad. ''Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir'' vol. 3. Translated by Bewley, A. (2013). ''The Companions of Badr''. London: Ta-Ha Publishers. was a foster brother, ...

, uncle of Muhammad *

Al-‘Abbas ibn ‘Abd al-Muttalib Al-Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib () was a paternal uncle and sahabi (companion) of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, just three years older than his nephew. A wealthy merchant, during the early years of Islam he protected Muhammad while he was in Mecca, ...

, uncle of Muhammad, and the progenitor of

Banu Abbas The Abbasid dynasty or Abbasids () were an Arab dynasty that ruled the Abbasid Caliphate between 750 and 1258. They were from the Qurayshi Hashimid clan of Banu Abbas, descended from Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib. The Abbasid Caliphate is divided ...

Salman the Persian Salman Farsi (; ) was a Persian religious scholar and one of the companions of Muhammad. As a practicing Zoroastrian, he dedicated much of his early life to studying to become a magus, after which he began travelling extensively throughout Weste ...

Bilal ibn Rabah Bilal ibn Rabah (; ), also known as Bilāl al-Ḥabashī or simply Bilal, was a sahabah, close companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Born in Mecca, he was of Abyssinian people, Abyssinian (modern-day Ethiopia) descent and was formerly ensl ...

* Saeed Bin Zaid * Talha Bin Obaidullah * Obaidullah Bin Al Jarrah * Musa'b Bin Umair * Ja'far Bin Abi Talib * Sa'ad ibn Abi Waqqas * Zubair Bin Awwam *

Umar Umar ibn al-Khattab (; ), also spelled Omar, was the second Rashidun caliph, ruling from August 634 until his assassination in 644. He succeeded Abu Bakr () and is regarded as a senior companion and father-in-law of the Islamic prophet Mu ...

Second

Caliph * Usman Bin Maza'un * Khabbab Bin Al Arat ** Abu Hudhaifah bin Yaman ** Abdul Rahman bin A'uf ** Abdullah bin Masood * * Suhaib Rumi * Tamim Dari *

Khunais ibn Hudhaifa Khunays ibn Ḥudhāfa (Arabic: خنيس بن حذافة) (d. 2 AH/624) was a companion of Muhammad. He died at the beginning of twenty-five months after Muhammad went to Medina. Biography Khunays was the son of Hudhafa ibn Qays from the Sah ...

IslamWeb
/ref> *

Abu Dharr al-Ghifari Abu Dharr Al-Ghifari Al-Kinani (, '), also spelled Abu Tharr or Abu Zar, born Jundab ibn Junādah (), was the fourth or fifth person converting to Islam, and a member of the Muhajirun. He belonged to the Banu Ghifar, the Kinanah tribe. His dat ...

Peshawar Nights Peshawar Nights ( ''Shab-hā-ye Pishāwar'') is a written firsthand account by Sultan al-Wa'izin Shirazi ("Prince of Preachers from Shiraz"), recalling ten days of dialogues between two Sunni scholars and a Shia author about major topics relating ...

o
Al-Islam.org
/ref> *

Miqdad ibn Aswad Al-Miqdad ibn Amr al-Bahrani (), better known as al-Miqdad ibn al-Aswad al-Kindi () or simply Miqdad, was one of the Sahabah, companions of the Islamic Muhammad, prophet Muhammad. His Kunya (Arabic), kunya was Abu Ma'bad (). Miqdad was born in ...

Ammar ibn Yasir Ammar ibn Yasir (; July 657 C.E.) was a ''Sahabi'' (Companion) of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and a commander in the early Muslim conquests. His parents, Sumayya and Yasir ibn Amir, were the first martyrs of the Ummah. Ammar converted to I ...

* Abu Buraidah al-Aslami * Khalid ibn Sa`id

Women

Sawda bint Zamʿa Sawdah bint Zamah () was the second wife of Muhammad and regarded as "Umm-ul-Mu'mineen" (Arabic: أمّ المؤمنين, romanized: ''ʾumm al- muʾminīn''), "Mother of the Believers". Early life Sawdah was born and raised in Mecc ...

second wife of Muhammad *

Aisha Aisha bint Abi Bakr () was a seventh century Arab commander, politician, Muhaddith, muhadditha and the third and youngest wife of the Prophets and messengers in Islam, Islamic prophet Muhammad. Aisha had an important role in early Islamic h ...

third wife of Muhammad *

Fatimah bint Asad Fatima bint Asad ( ' 555–626 CE) was the wife of Abu Talib ibn Abd al-Muttalib, Abu Talib and the mother of their son Ali, Ali ibn Abi Talib. Fatima bint Asad and her husband, Abu Talib, acted as the Prophet's adopted parents for fifteen ...

, wife of Abu Talib, mother of ‘Ali, and an aunt of Muhammad * Asmā' bint Abi Bakr, wife of

Zubayr Az Zubayr () is a city in and the capital of Al-Zubayr District, part of the Basra Governorate of Iraq. The city is just south of Basra. The name is also sometimes written Al Zubayr, Al Zubair, Az Zubair, Zubair, Zoubair, El Zubair, or Zobier. ...

, and sister-in-law of Muhammad. *

Lubaba bint al-Harith Lubāba bint al-Ḥārith () (), was a prominent early Muslim. Two of her sisters, Maymunah bint al-Harith and Zaynab bint Khuzayma became wives of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Family Lubaba was a member of the Banu Hilal clan, a branch of t ...

, wife of Al-‘Abbas, and an aunt and sister-in-law of Muhammad *

Umm Ruman Zaynab bint ʿĀmir ibn ʿUwaymir ibn ʿAbd Shams ibn ʿAttāb al-Farāsīyya al-Kinānīyya, known by her '' kunya'' "Umm Rūmān" () was among the followers or companions of Muhammad. She was a wife of Abu Bakr and the mother of Aisha, which m ...

, wife of

, and mother-in-law of Muhammad through Aisha. * Umme Habibah Bint Abu Sufyan wife of Muhammad *Safiyah Bint Abdul Muttalib

Daughters of Muhammad

Fatimah Fatima bint Muhammad (; 605/15–632 CE), commonly known as Fatima al-Zahra' (), was the daughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his wife Khadija bint Khuwaylid, Khadija. Fatima's husband was Ali, the fourth of the Rashidun caliphs and ...

, daughter of Muhammad and the wife of Ali ibn Abi Talib *

Ruqayyah Ruqayyah () is an Arabic female given name meaning "to rise”,”she who rises high”. It is not to be confused with a separate Arabic term "Ruqia" from Arabic رقى (ruqia) meaning “to rise” or “ascend.” However, it is also suggested it ...

, daughter of Muhammad and a wife of Uthman ibn Affan *

Umm Kulthum Umm Kulthum (; 31 December 1898 – 3 February 1975) was an Egyptians, Egyptian singer and film actress active from the 1920s to the 1970s. She was given the honorific title (). Immensely popular throughout the Middle East and beyond, Umm Kul ...

, daughter of Muhammad, and a wife of Uthman Ibn Affan * Zaynab, daughter of Muhammad and a wife of

Abu al-As ibn al-Rabi' Abū al-ʿĀṣ ibn al-Rabīʿ (, died in February, AD 634), was a son-in-law and Companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. His original name was said to have been Hushaym or Yasser. Family He was the son of Hala bint Khuwaylid.Muhammad ibn ...

Umamah bint Zainab Umāma bint Abī al-ʿĀṣ ibn al-Rabīʿ (), was a granddaughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and Khadija, via their daughter Zaynab, and is thus also known as ''Umāma bint Zaynab'' (). Muhammad was her maternal grandfather, and thus she i ...

, grand daughter of Muhammad and a wife of Ali ibn Abi Talib

References

{{Characters and names in the Quran Arabic words and phrases Hijrah Islamic terminology

During Muhammad's era

Name of people

Men

Women

Daughters of Muhammad

See also

References