Muhammad al-'Arabi al-Tabbani (; 1897–1970), also known as Abu Hamid ibn Marzuq () was an Algerian

Maliki The Maliki school or Malikism is one of the four major madhhab, schools of Islamic jurisprudence within Sunni Islam. It was founded by Malik ibn Anas () in the 8th century. In contrast to the Ahl al-Hadith and Ahl al-Ra'y schools of thought, the ...

jurist (faqih),

Ash'ari Ash'arism (; ) is a school of theology in Sunni Islam named after Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari, a Shāfiʿī jurist, reformer (''mujaddid''), and scholastic theologian, in the 9th–10th century. It established an orthodox guideline, based on ...

theologian,

Hadith scholar Hadith studies is the academic study of hadith, a literature typically thought in Islam, Islamic religion to be a record of the words, actions, and the silent approval of the Muhammad as transmitted through chains of narrators. A major area of ...

(muhaddith),

historian A historian is a person who studies and writes about the past and is regarded as an authority on it. Historians are concerned with the continuous, methodical narrative and research of past events as relating to the human species; as well as the ...

(mu'arrikh), and a

genealogist Genealogy () is the study of families, family history, and the tracing of their Lineage (anthropology), lineages. Genealogists use oral interviews, historical records, genetic analysis, and other records to obtain information about a family ...

(nassāba), who was the

Imam Imam (; , '; : , ') is an Islamic leadership position. For Sunni Islam, Sunni Muslims, Imam is most commonly used as the title of a prayer leader of a mosque. In this context, imams may lead Salah, Islamic prayers, serve as community leaders, ...

of the Great Mosque in Mecca in his time. He is considered one of the most prominent hadith scholars of his era; and he is perhaps best known for his criticism of

Wahhabism Wahhabism is an exonym for a Salafi revivalist movement within Sunni Islam named after the 18th-century Hanbali scholar Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab. It was initially established in the central Arabian region of Najd and later spread to oth ...

Salafism The Salafi movement or Salafism () is a Islamic fundamentalism, fundamentalist Islamic revival, revival movement within Sunni Islam, originating in the late 19th century and influential in the Islamic world to this day. The name "''Salafiyya''" ...

, as found in his book entitled, '' Bara'at al-Ash'ariyyin min 'Aqa'id al-Mukhalifin'' (). His name 'al-Tabbani' is derived from the town and commune of Ouled Tebben.

Birth

He was born in Ras el-Oued in 1315 AH/1897 AD.

Lineage

His lineage reaches back to 'Abd al-Salam b. Mashish (d. 625/1228), whose lineage ends with al-Hasan b. 'Ali b. Abi Talib (d. 49/669).

Teachers

He studied under many scholars, among them are: * 'Abd al-Hamid ibn Badis. * Yusuf al-Nabhani. *

Muhammad Bakhit al-Muti'i Muhammad (8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious and political leader and the founder of Islam. According to Islam, he was a prophet who was divinely inspired to preach and confirm the monotheistic teachings of Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, ...

. *

Muhammad ibn Ja'far al-Kattani Muḥammad ibn Jaʿfar ibn Idrīs al-Kattānī (), born in Fes in 1858 and died in Fes in 1927 was a Moroccan scholar and theologian from the 19th century. Bibliography Al-Kattānī came from a family of Islamic scholars in Fes, he was a membe ...

. * Muhammad al-Makki ibn 'Azuz. * Hamdan ibn Ahmad al-Wanisi. * Ahmad ibn al-Khayyat al-Zakari. * Mushtaq Ahmad al-Hindi.

Students

Among his celebrated students are: * 'Alawi ibn 'Abbas al-Maliki and his son

Muhammad 'Alawi al-Maliki Muhammad al-Hasan ibn Alawi ibn al-Abbas ibn Abd al-Aziz (1944–2004), also known as Muhammad ibn Alawi al-Maliki, () was one of the foremost traditional Sunni Islamic scholar of contemporary times from Saudi Arabia. He is considered to be the M ...

. * 'Abdullah al-Harari. * Muhammad Nur Saif. * Hasan al-Mashshat. * 'Abdullah b. Sa'id al-Lahji. * Muhammad Amin Kutbi. * 'Abd al-Qadir b. Ahmad al-Jaza'iri.

Works

Among his books are the following: * '' Bara'at al-Ash'ariyyin min 'Aqa'id al-Mukhalifin'' (). In this book, he criticized the doctrinal views advocated by

Ibn Taymiyya Ibn Taymiyya (; 22 January 1263 – 26 September 1328)Ibn Taymiyya, Taqi al-Din Ahmad, The Oxford Dictionary of Islam. http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195125580.001.0001/acref-9780195125580-e-959 was a Sunni Muslim schola ...

(d. 728/1328) and his student

Ibn al-Qayyim Shams ad-Dīn Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Abī Bakr ibn Ayyūb az-Zurʿī d-Dimashqī l-Ḥanbalī (29 January 1292–15 September 1350 CE / 691 AH–751 AH), commonly known as Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya ("The son of the principal of he scho ...

(d. 751/1350), and

Muhammad ibn 'Abd al-Wahhab Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn Sulaymān al-Tamīmī (1703–1792) was a Sunni Muslim Aalim, scholar, Islamic theology, theologian, Dawah, preacher, Islamic activism, activist, religious leader, Faqīh, jurist, and reformer, who was from N ...

(d. 1207/1792) and his followers. * ''Al-Ta'aqqub al-Mufid 'ala Hadyy al-Zar'i al-Shadid'' (). In this book, he criticized

's book

Zad al-Ma'ad ''Zad al-Ma'ad Fi Hadyi Khair Al 'Ibaad'' () is a 5-volume book, translated as Provisions of the Hereafter in the Guidance of the Best of Servants, written by the Islamic scholar Ibn al-Qayyim. The word 'Zad' in Arabic is used to refer to the fo ...

. * Tahzir al-'Abqari min Muhadarat al-Khudari (). In this book, he criticized the Egyptian legal historian Muhammad al-Khudari (d. 1345/1927).

Death

He died in 1390 AH/1970 AD in

Mecca Mecca, officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, is the capital of Mecca Province in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia; it is the Holiest sites in Islam, holiest city in Islam. It is inland from Jeddah on the Red Sea, in a narrow valley above ...

and was buried in

Jannat al-Mu'alla Jannat al-Mu'alla (), also known as the "Cemetery of Ma'la" ( ') and ''Al-Ḥajūn'' (), is a cemetery to the north of ''Al-Masjid Al-Haram'', and near the Mosque of the Jinn in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. It is the place where the Islamic prophet Mu ...

cemetery, next to the tomb of Asma' bint Abi Bakr (d. 73/692).

References

External links

Muhammad al-'Arabi al-Tabbani's page
on

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{{Authority control 1897 births 1970 deaths People from Sétif Asharis 20th-century Muslim theologians Algerian Maliki scholars Sunni imams Arab historians Hadith scholars Critics of Ibn Taymiyya Critics of Ibn al-Qayyim Critics of Wahhabism Muslim reformers Burials at Jannat al-Mu'alla Imams of Masjid al-Haram