Moïse Lévy De Benzion

Moïse Lévy de Benzion (1873–1943) was an Egyptian department store owner who built an important collection of art and antiquities. The collection was plundered by the Nazis in France during the Second World War and nearly 1000 items seized.

Egypt

Lévy de Benzion was a Sephardi Jew born in Alexandria, Egypt, in 1873.A happy ending with a pinch of Salt.
''Al-Ahram Weekly Online'', 19-25 March 2009, No. 939. Retrieved 20 January 2015. He inherited a family business started in 1857"Levy de Benzion, Moise (1873–1943)", which he expanded to include the Grands Magasins Benzion department store and other buildings in Cairo. As a collector, Lévy de Benzion's acquisitions included Chinese and oriental art, textiles, carpets, books, and an important collection of Egyptian antiquities. His Egyptian items included fragments from the lost tomb of Nebamun, and one of the earliest known glass portraits, believed to depict Amenhotep II.

Nazi persecution in France

During the Second World War, Lévy de Benzion's collections in Paris and the chateau "La Folie" in Draviel were extensively looted by units of the Einsatzstab Reichsleiter Rosenberg (ERR), the Nazi unit charged with following behind invading German troops and identifying and seizing works of art from occupied countries. Records of the ERR indicate that 989 items were seized from the Lévy de Benzion collection alone.Harclerode, Peter, & Brendan Pittaway. (1999) ''The Lost Masters: The Looting of Europe's Treasurehouses''. London: Victor Gollancz, p. 44.

Typical of the handling of the looted paintings was Gustave Courbet's ''Entree d'un Gave'' (1876).Un Tableau D'Alred Sisley Provenant de L'Anciienne Collection Moïse Levy de Benzion et Estimé 600 000 / 800 000 €.
drouot.com Retrieved 22 January 2015. Lévy de Benzion acquired the painting in 1919; the ERR seized it in 1940 and moved it to the Neuschwanstein castle. In 1941 it was acquired by Walter Hofer for the Hermann Göring collection."Monuments Man: Birmingham Museum of Art's founding director Richard Howard helped restitute Nazi-plundered art."
Michael Huebner, AL.com, 7 February 2014. Retrieved 20 January 2015. Göring, however, was not interested in modern art, preferring Old Master paintings instead, and the work was among a number of modern paintings subsequently exchanged for older works selected from Theodor Fischer's Galerie Fischer in Lucerne. Fischer sold the painting to Willi Raeber of Basel, who in turn sold it to Galerie Rosengart of Lucerne, who sold it to Arthur Stoll. After the war, the painting was claimed by Paule-Juliette Levi de Benzion of Cairo and restituted to her in 1948. After changing hands several more times, it was sold to the Birmingham Museum of Art in Alabama in 1999. Alfred Sisley's ''Summer at Bougival'' was seized by Göring's agent Walter Hofer at the ERR, then traded to Fischer, who sold it to Emil Georg Bührle in 1942. After the war, Bührle was obliged to restitute the Nazi-looted painting to the estate of Moïse Lévi de Benzion on 15 December 1948, however two years later he repurchased the Sisley from de Benzion's widow.

Among the other works seized and later returned were paintings by Eugène Boudin, Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot, Charles Cottet, Charles Daubigny, Claude Monet, Alfred Sisley, and Vincent van Gogh."Levi de Benzion, Moïse".
Lost Art. Retrieved 20 January 2015.

Death

Lévy de Benzion was arrested by the Nazis in France and died in September 1943. His collection was sold at auction at Villa Benzion, 6 Rue El Amir Omar, Zamalek, Cairo, in March 1947 in a sale of over 900 lots. Villa Benzion was in a part of Zamalek where several other department-store owners lived, but like many other large private houses in the area, it no longer exists."The House That Shrunk On Zamalek's Hassan Sabry Street"
Samir Raafat,
Cairo Times
', 28 September 2000. egy.com Retrieved 22 January 2015.

See also

* Sephardi Jews
* History of the Jews in Egypt
* History of the Jews in France
* Pallache family
* Pallache (surname)

References

External links

''Bust of Paule-Dinah Levi de Benzion'' by Paul TroubetzkoyArchived here

Egyptian mosaic glass inlay from a shrine. Ex Lévy de Benzion collection.

{{DEFAULTSORT:Levy de Benzion, Moise
1873 births
1943 deaths
Egyptian art collectors
20th-century Egyptian businesspeople
Egyptian expatriates in France
Egyptian Sephardi Jews
People from Alexandria
Subjects of Nazi art appropriations