Mount Ulla, North Carolina
   HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

Mount Ulla Township is one of fourteen
townships A township is a form of human settlement or administrative subdivision. Its exact definition varies among countries. Although the term is occasionally associated with an urban area, this tends to be an exception to the rule. In Australia, Canad ...
in
Rowan County, North Carolina Rowan County ( ),Talk Like a Tarheel
, from the North Carolina Col ...
, United States. It is currently the smallest township in Rowan County by population.


Geography


Disambiguation

Mount Ulla may refer to several geographical entities: * Mount Ulla unincorporated * Mount Ulla Township (created in 1868) * the area with Mount Ulla zip code and/or address * the areas outside of Mount Ulla township and/or zip code boundaries that are marked as Mount Ulla in historical or contemporary documents, accounts, and memoirs. The community of Mount Ulla does not have clearly defined boundaries. The community is smaller in area than the administrative township or the area that lists Mount Ulla as its address. The Mount Ulla Township is a legislatively defunct administrative subdivision for voting precincts, tax-listings, and census districts thus does not coincide or reflect local inhabitants historical perception of Mount Ulla boundaries. It consists of several unincorporated communities such as Mount Ulla and part of Bear Poplar. Mount Ulla Township was formed after the Civil War by the requirements of the North Carolina Constitution of 1868. Previous to that time, the subdivisions were Captain's Districts from the time of the American Revolution. While the Captain's Districts referred primarily to the militia, it served also for the election precinct, the tax listing and tax collecting district. Mount Ulla Township was mentioned on Shaffer's Township map of North Carolina in 1886. Mount Ulla zip code area has an outline that does not coincide with Mount Ulla Township boundaries. It stretches into Iredell county communities such as Mazeppa, does not come as far north as the township's border, stretches into Steele township in the east, Atwell Township in the southeast, and reaches down past township's southern boundary along NC-150 into Atwell township. As a result, a number of historic communities become part of the larger Mount Ulla community - Miranda and parts of Millbridge. Due to the ambiguous and arbitrary nature of boundaries in rural Rowan county communities, historical and contemporary documents at times record location as Mount Ulla when the location may belong to a neighboring community in other documents or may carry a different geographical address.


Location

Mount Ulla Township is located in the
Piedmont Piedmont ( ; ; ) is one of the 20 regions of Italy, located in the northwest Italy, Northwest of the country. It borders the Liguria region to the south, the Lombardy and Emilia-Romagna regions to the east, and the Aosta Valley region to the ...
region, western Rowan County, North Carolina, United States. Its outline is defined by natural and man-made landmarks. Township's Northern boundary follows in the vicinity of Knox Road, Knox School Road, and Beaverdam Creek, stopping short of Back Creek Church Road. The Eastern border zigzags its way to North Carolina Highway 801, follows NC-801 to Graham Road, Lyerly Road, Upright Road, and Sloan Road. The Southern border neatly follows
North Carolina Highway 150 North Carolina Highway 150 (NC 150) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of North Carolina. It serves the Foothills and Piedmont Triad areas of the state, connecting the cities of Shelby, Mooresville, Salisbury and Winston- ...
. The Western border coincides with the administrative line between Iredell and Rowan counties. Mount Ulla Township occupies .


Topography

Mount Ulla area landscape is typical for Piedmont plateau - rolling hills with elevations up to 800 (250 meters) above sea level punctuated by springs that feed into Beaverdam, Withrow, Back, and Sills creeks, which flow to the
South Yadkin River The South Yadkin River is a long river that flows through Alexander, Davie, Iredell, Rowan, and Wilkes counties of North Carolina. The mouth is located north of High Rock Lake, where the South Yadkin River meets the Yadkin River. Major citi ...
.


Geology

Mount Ulla is located in Charlotte Belt of western Piedmont Plateau geological region. It is characterized by Paleozoic era intrusive rock formations - granitic rock, quartz, diorite, and gabbro. The soils are predominantly yellowish to brownish red sandy clay loam and dark brown clay loam, Cecil-Pacolet and Hiwassee-Mecklenburg respectively.


Climate

The latitude of Mount Ulla is 35.6580828 degrees North. According to
Köppen climate classification The Köppen climate classification divides Earth climates into five main climate groups, with each group being divided based on patterns of seasonal precipitation and temperature. The five main groups are ''A'' (tropical), ''B'' (arid), ''C'' (te ...
, the climate is temperate
humid subtropical A humid subtropical climate is a subtropical -temperate climate type, characterized by long and hot summers, and cool to mild winters. These climates normally lie on the southeast side of all continents (except Antarctica), generally between la ...
with four distinct seasons. According to
United States Department of Agriculture The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) is an executive department of the United States federal government that aims to meet the needs of commercial farming and livestock food production, promotes agricultural trade and producti ...
Plant Hardiness Zone A hardiness zone is a geographic area defined as having a certain average annual minimum temperature, a factor relevant to the survival of many plants. In some systems other statistics are included in the calculations. The original and most widely ...
map Mount Ulla is 7b zone.


Flora

Mount Ulla township is a heavily developed agricultural community of pastures and crop fields. Agricultural activity reduced native plant population and introduced foreign species that became invasive. In the 1750s the area "was not a primeval forest, but instead a vast prairie of peavines and great stretches of grass and cane-breaks. Scarcely a shrub could be seen, and game abounded".


Native flora

Natural forest growth consisted of
red Red is the color at the long wavelength end of the visible spectrum of light, next to orange and opposite violet. It has a dominant wavelength of approximately 625–750 nanometres. It is a primary color in the RGB color model and a seconda ...
,
white White is the lightest color and is achromatic (having no chroma). It is the color of objects such as snow, chalk, and milk, and is the opposite of black. White objects fully (or almost fully) reflect and scatter all the visible wa ...
, and
post oak ''Quercus stellata'', the post oak or iron oak, is a North American species of oak in the white oak section. It is a slow-growing oak that lives in dry areas on the edges of fields, tops of ridges, and also grows in poor soils, and is resistant ...
,
shortleaf pine The shortleaf pine or ''Pinus echinata'' is a species of coniferous tree endemic to the United States. The shortleaf pine is sometimes referred to as the "old field", "spruce", "rosemary", "yellow", "two-leaf" and "heart" pine. The common name " ...
,
hickory Hickory is a common name for trees composing the genus ''Carya'', which includes 19 species accepted by ''Plants of the World Online''. Seven species are native to southeast Asia in China, Indochina, and northeastern India (Assam), and twelve ...
, poplar,
elm Elms are deciduous and semi-deciduous trees comprising the genus ''Ulmus'' in the family Ulmaceae. They are distributed over most of the Northern Hemisphere, inhabiting the temperate and tropical- montane regions of North America and Eurasia, ...
,
dogwood ''Cornus'' is a genus of about 30–60 species of woody plants in the family Cornaceae, commonly known as dogwoods or cornels, which can generally be distinguished by their blossoms, berries, and distinctive bark. Most are deciduous ...
, sourwood, cedar, black and
sweetgum ''Liquidambar'', commonly called sweetgum (star gum in the UK), gum, redgum, satin-walnut, styrax or American storax, is the only genus in the flowering plant family Altingiaceae and has 15 species. They were formerly often treated as a part of ...
,
locust Locusts (derived from the Latin ''locusta'', locust or lobster) are various species of short-horned grasshoppers in the family Acrididae that have a swarming phase. These insects are usually solitary, but under certain circumstances they b ...
, walnut,
sassafras ''Sassafras'' is a genus of three extant and one extinct species of deciduous trees in the family Lauraceae, native to eastern North America and eastern Asia.Wolfe, Jack A. & Wehr, Wesley C. 1987. The sassafras is an ornamental tree. "Middle Eo ...
, pawpaw, and
persimmon The persimmon () is the edible fruit of a number of species of trees in the genus '' Diospyros''. The most widely cultivated of these is the Chinese and Japanese kaki persimmon, ''Diospyros kaki''. In 2022, China produced 77% of the world's p ...
. Native perennials include common blue violet, dogfennel,
passion flower ''Passiflora'', known also as the passion flowers or passion vines, is a genus of about 550 species of flowering plants, the type genus of the family Passifloraceae. ''Passiflora'' species are widely cultivated for their striking flowers, fla ...
(maypop),
pokeweed ''Phytolacca'' is a genus of perennial plants native to North America, South America and East Asia. Some members of the genus are known as pokeweeds or similar names such as pokebush, pokeberry, pokeroot or poke sallet. Other names for species ...
,
wild garlic Plant species in the genus ''Allium ''Allium'' is a large genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants with around 1000 accepted species, making ''Allium'' the largest genus in the family Amaryllidaceae and among the largest plant genera in the wo ...
.


Agricultural and horticultural flora

Agricultural crops evolve with time. In the beginning of the 20th century cotton and tobacco were popular. In the 21st century Mount Ulla farmers grow corn, barley, wheat, soy, and sorghum.


Weed flora

Local weed flora can be divided into two categories - non-native plants that have become invasive and threaten native flora as well as native southeastern North American plants if they interfere with intended and desirable plant growth. Some pasture weeds that were introduced from Europe are
Canada thistle ''Cirsium arvense'' is a perennial species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, native throughout Europe and western Asia, northern Africa and widely introduced elsewhere.Joint Nature Conservation Committee''Cirsium arvense'' The standa ...
,
chickweed ''Stellaria media'', chickweed, is an annual flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae. It is native to Eurasia and naturalized throughout the world, where it is a weed of waste ground, farmland and gardens. It is sometimes grown as a salad ...
,
clover Clovers, also called trefoils, are plants of the genus ''Trifolium'' (), consisting of about 300 species of flowering plants in the legume family Fabaceae originating in Europe. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution with the highest diversit ...
, corn speedwell,
cornflower ''Centaurea cyanus'', commonly known as cornflower or bachelor's button (among other names), is an annual flowering plant in the family Asteraceae native to Europe. In the past, it often grew as a weed in cornfields (in the broad sense of "co ...
,
dandelion ''Taraxacum'' () is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, which consists of species commonly known as dandelions. The scientific and hobby study of the genus is known as taraxacology. The genus has a near-cosmopolitan distribu ...
, deptford pink, field sorrel, henbit, lambsquarters, Queen Anne's lace. Invasive weed grasses found in Mount Ulla vicinity are crabgrass,
Bermuda grass ''Cynodon dactylon'', commonly known as Bermuda grass, also known as couch grass in Australia and New Zealand, is a grass found worldwide. It is native to Europe, Africa, Australia and much of Asia. It has been introduced to the Americas. Contra ...
. Invasive vines are
kudzu Kudzu (), also called Japanese arrowroot or Chinese arrowroot, is a group of climbing, coiling, and trailing deciduous perennial vines native to much of East Asia, Southeast Asia, and some Pacific islands. It is invasive species, invasive in ...
and
Japanese honeysuckle ''Lonicera japonica'', known as Japanese honeysuckle and golden-and-silver honeysuckle, is a species of honeysuckle native to East Asia, including many parts of China. It is often grown as an ornamental plant, but has become an invasive species i ...
. Invasive trees include Bradford pear and
mimosa ''Mimosa'' is a genus of about 600 species of herbs and shrubs, in the mimosoid clade of the legume family Fabaceae. Species are native to the Americas, from North Dakota to northern Argentina, and to eastern Africa (Tanzania, Mozambique, and ...
.


History


Etymology

Presumably, Mount Ulla was named for a village in Ireland called Oola (Ulla in Irish spelling). According to a different source, Rev. Andrew Y. Lockridge (1801–1876), the second minister at the Back Creek Presbyterian Church, named the community in 1830. The reasons for the name remain unknown but it is believed it is of literary origin since Rev. Lockridge was an ardent student of literature. There is speculation that Rev. Lockridge named the community in reference to a biblical man Ulla in the
Book of Chronicles The Book of Chronicles ( , "words of the days") is a book in the Hebrew Bible, found as two books (1–2 Chronicles) in the Christian Old Testament. Chronicles is the final book of the Hebrew Bible, concluding the third section of the Jewish Heb ...
7:39. There is a new hypothesis that Mount Ulla was named after
Ulaid (Old Irish, ) or (Irish language, Modern Irish, ) was a Gaelic Ireland, Gaelic Provinces of Ireland, over-kingdom in north-eastern Ireland during the Middle Ages made up of a confederation of dynastic groups. Alternative names include , which ...
, a Gaelic over-kingdom in north-eastern Ireland during the Middle Ages. Ulaid gave its name to the province of Ulster, the ancestral homeplace of the Scotch-Irish settlers in Mount Ulla vicinity. Mount Ulla Post Office was established on 22 April 1843, a name change for Wood Grove Post Office established on 12 April 1830. The first Mount Ulla postmaster was James Cowan. This post office closed on 24 October 1899 and mail was transferred to Rowan Post Office nearby. The Rowan Post Office was renamed to Mount Ulla Post Office on 22 November 1899 with Adam E. Sherrill as postmaster. In 1846 Mount Ulla in Rowan County appeared in the Table of Post Offices in the United States. In 1894, the name of the post office was seen written as Mountulla.


Emblem

In December 2019 Mount Ulla Historic Preservation Society unveiled the sign paying respect to the historic nature of Mount Ulla. A Ukrainian designer Nazar Burega created the sign. Rich symbolism of the emblem pays tribute to Scots-Irish Presbyterians and German Lutherans who settled the area in the mid-1700s.


Exploration and colonization

Prior to
European colonization The phenomenon of colonization is one that stretches around the globe and across time. Ancient and medieval colonialism was practiced by various civilizations such as the Phoenicians, Babylonians, Persians, Greeks, Romans, Han Chinese, and A ...
, Western Rowan, where Mount Ulla is located, was the home of Native Americans. In February 1567, Spanish explorer Juan Pardo visited a Native American settlement of Guatari, near present-day
Salisbury Salisbury ( , ) is a city status in the United Kingdom, cathedral city and civil parish in Wiltshire, England with a population of 41,820, at the confluence of the rivers River Avon, Hampshire, Avon, River Nadder, Nadder and River Bourne, Wi ...
. War, disease, and forced resettlement during
Andrew Jackson Andrew Jackson (March 15, 1767 – June 8, 1845) was the seventh president of the United States from 1829 to 1837. Before Presidency of Andrew Jackson, his presidency, he rose to fame as a general in the U.S. Army and served in both houses ...
's presidency led to the extinction of native people in the area.


The First Carolana Charter

Long before it was known as Mount Ulla, the land became an English colony. In October 1629,
King Charles I of England Charles I (19 November 1600 – 30 January 1649) was King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649. Charles was born into the House of Stuart as the second son of King James VI of Scotland, but after h ...
granted to his Attorney General, Sir
Robert Heath Sir Robert Heath (20 May 1575 – 30 August 1649) was an English judge and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1621 to 1625. Early life Heath was the son of Robert Heath, attorney, and Anne Posyer. He was educated at Tunbridge gra ...
, the territory between 31 degrees and 36 degrees North latitude in the
New World The term "New World" is used to describe the majority of lands of Earth's Western Hemisphere, particularly the Americas, and sometimes Oceania."America." ''The Oxford Companion to the English Language'' (). McArthur, Tom, ed., 1992. New York: ...
. This is the region lying from about thirty miles north of the Florida state line to the southern side of Albemarle Sound in North Carolina. It was incorporated under the name '' Province of Carolana.'' There is a hypothesis that French Huguenots sought the colony as a haven from persecution. The plans to plant the colony never materialized, thus presented a case for a failed colonization attempt.


The Carolina Charter of 1663

In March 1663
King Charles II of England Charles II (29 May 1630 – 6 February 1685) was King of Scotland from 1649 until 1651 and King of England, Scotland, and King of Ireland, Ireland from the 1660 Restoration of the monarchy until his death in 1685. Charles II was the eldest su ...
issued a new charter for the vast territory from the southern border of the
Virginia Colony The Colony of Virginia was a British colonial settlement in North America from 1606 to 1776. The first effort to create an English settlement in the area was chartered in 1584 and established in 1585; the resulting Roanoke Colony lasted for t ...
at 36 degrees north to 31 degrees north to eight English noblemen who were his strong supports in restoration to the throne after the
English Civil War The English Civil War or Great Rebellion was a series of civil wars and political machinations between Cavaliers, Royalists and Roundhead, Parliamentarians in the Kingdom of England from 1642 to 1651. Part of the wider 1639 to 1653 Wars of th ...
and
Oliver Cromwell Oliver Cromwell (25 April 15993 September 1658) was an English statesman, politician and soldier, widely regarded as one of the most important figures in British history. He came to prominence during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, initially ...
's decade long rule of England. The new eight rulers of the province of Carolina became known as
Lords Proprietor A lord proprietor is a person granted a royal charter for the establishment and government of an English colony in the 17th century. The plural of the term is "lords proprietors" or "lords proprietary". Origin In the beginning of the Europe ...
. The charter gave the Proprietors power to plant colonies, to create and fill offices, to erect counties and other administrative subdivisions, and other rights and privileges. The rights of the people were set forth as well as the common rights of Englishmen. They were guaranteed English personal and property rights, liberty of conscience, and all liberties and rights enjoyed by King's subjects residing in England. Settling of the province of Carolina was a difficult enterprise. None of the original Lords Proprietor ever set foot in the colony thus had little understanding of the territory over which they held enormous power. Two of the Proprietors failed to contribute their shares to development of the colony. Men sent over as Governors never held any office making ruling of the new colony even more difficult. False promises and demand to pay quit-rent in sterling rather than marketable commodities contributed to discord and confusion in the new colony. As a result of this, there was difficulty enforcing English law, laws were passed that conflicted with English law, piracy and smuggling flourished, currency had become almost worthless, manufacturing was competing with English industry. Collection of
quit-rent Quit rent, quit-rent, or quitrent is a tax or land tax imposed on occupants of freehold or leased land in lieu of services to a higher landowning authority, usually a government or its assigns. Under English feudal law, the payment of quit ren ...
on land granted to colonists was a continual problem. The Proprietors were disillusioned in their quest to gain quick riches in the province of Carolina. In 1712 Carolina colony split into two separate provinces South and North Carolina. By 1729 shares of only three original Proprietors remained in the hands of the families of their original owners and nearly fifty individuals owned or claimed to own the original eight shares. Advisers to the Crown were more interesting in gaining control of the colony.


Granville District

In 1728 seven of eight Lords Proprietor drew up and offer to surrender their interests in Carolina to King Charles II. In 1729 almost all of North Carolina became a royal colony. One Lord Proprietor who did not surrender his rights to the land in Carolina was
John Carteret, 2nd Earl Granville John Carteret, 2nd Earl Granville, 7th Seigneur of Sark (; 22 April 16902 January 1763), commonly known by his earlier title Lord Carteret, was a British statesman and Lord President of the Council from 1751 to 1763 and worked closely with the ...
, a great-grandson of
Sir George Carteret Vice-Admiral Sir George Carteret, 1st Baronet ( – 14 January 1680 N.S.) was a royalist statesman in Jersey and England, who served in the Clarendon Ministry as Treasurer of the Navy. He was also one of the original lords proprietor of t ...
who was one of the eight original Lords Proprietor to the province of Carolina. John Carteret's share consisted of the country lying south of the Virginia border to 35.4 degrees north latitude. The south boundary was surveyed from the coast to Bath in 1743, then to the corner of what is now Chatham County, on Deep River. In 1746, the line was extended westward to Coldwater Creek at a point approximately fourteen miles southwest of the present site of Salisbury. This area became known as
Granville District The Granville District (or Granville's district) was an approximately 60-mile wide strip of land in the North Carolina colony adjoining the boundary with the Province of Virginia, lying between north latitudes 35° 34' and 36° 30'. From 1663 unti ...
. The section of Granville district lying between the Yadkin and Catawba rivers was described by contemporaries as fertile, well-watered, virtually treeless meadowland. Myriads of little rivulets, combining to form large creeks, flowed from countless sequestered springs. Earlier 17th century colonial settlers usually established themselves along the navigable rivers because communication with England was important. In 18th century when immigrants began to settle the backcountry of North Carolina, land travel prevailed. Home sites increasingly began springing up along the upper reaches of creeks. Each home place nearly always included a fresh water spring providing one source of water for people and one for the animals. It was common practice on the frontier for important creeks to bear the name of the first man to settle upon them. Withrow Creek and Sills Creek in the vicinity of Mount Ulla serve as reminders of the frontier pioneers who settled the area by mid-eighteenth century.


The Irish Settlement

The first recorded settlement on the lands of present-day Mount Ulla bears the name "The Irish Settlement" of 1747–1749. The homesteads were set up in the headwaters of Second Creek along Beaverdam, Withrows, Gillespies (present day Back Creek), and Sills Creeks in what was Bladen County at the time. By 1750 there were enough settlers to form a new administrative division on the frontier -
Anson County Anson County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 22,055. Its county seat is Wadesboro. History The area eventually comprising Anson County was originally occupied by Native Ameri ...
. In 1753 three hundred and fifty residents of Anson county petitioned to the North Carolina legislature to form Rowan County, where Mount Ulla remains till this day. The area that became known as Mount Ulla was settled largely by the descendants of Scotch-Irish (also known as
Ulster Scots Ulster Scots, may refer to: * Ulster Scots people * Ulster Scots dialect Ulster Scots or Ulster-Scots (), also known as Ulster Scotch and Ullans, is the dialect (whose proponents assert is a dialect of Scots language, Scots) spoken in parts ...
), an ethnic group of mostly Protestant Scottish people who migrated to
Ulster Ulster (; or ; or ''Ulster'') is one of the four traditional or historic provinces of Ireland, Irish provinces. It is made up of nine Counties of Ireland, counties: six of these constitute Northern Ireland (a part of the United Kingdom); t ...
, Ireland as part of planned colonization of
Ireland Ireland (, ; ; Ulster Scots dialect, Ulster-Scots: ) is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean, in Northwestern Europe. Geopolitically, the island is divided between the Republic of Ireland (officially Names of the Irish state, named Irelan ...
sanctioned by of
James VI of Scotland and I of England James VI and I (James Charles Stuart; 19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625) was King of Scotland as James VI from 24 July 1567 and King of England and Ireland as James I from the union of the Scottish and English crowns on 24 March 1603 until ...
. Scotch-Irish immigrants to West Rowan came from the original colonial settlements in Pennsylvania and Virginia travelling down
Great Wagon Road The Great Wagon Road, also known as the Philadelphia Wagon Road, is a historic trail in the eastern United States that was first traveled by indigenous tribes, and later explorers, settlers, soldiers, and travelers. It extended from British Penn ...
. Along with the Scotch-Irish came another nationality - the Germans aka
Pennsylvania Dutch The Pennsylvania Dutch (), also referred to as Pennsylvania Germans, are an ethnic group in Pennsylvania in the United States, Ontario in Canada, and other regions of both nations. They largely originate from the Palatinate (region), Palatina ...
.


Revolutionary Era

In summer 1774 delegates from
Thirteen Colonies The Thirteen Colonies were the British colonies on the Atlantic coast of North America which broke away from the British Crown in the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783), and joined to form the United States of America. The Thirteen C ...
were called to convene in Philadelphia. The need to elect representatives for the
Province of North Carolina The Province of North Carolina, originally known as the Albemarle Settlements, was a proprietary colony and later royal colony of Great Britain that existed in North America from 1712 to 1776.(p. 80) It was one of the five Southern col ...
at the
First Continental Congress The First Continental Congress was a meeting of delegates of twelve of the Thirteen Colonies held from September 5 to October 26, 1774, at Carpenters' Hall in Philadelphia at the beginning of the American Revolution. The meeting was organized b ...
in Philadelphia prompted a mass meeting in July, 1774 in
Wilmington, North Carolina Wilmington is a port city in New Hanover County, North Carolina, United States. With a population of 115,451 as of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, it is the List of municipalities in North Carolina, eighth-most populous city in the st ...
. North Carolinians set the date for the First Provincial Congress of North Carolina for August 20 at Johnston County courthouse, later changing the date and place to August 25, 1774, in
New Bern, North Carolina New Bern, formerly Newbern, is a city in Craven County, North Carolina, United States, and its county seat. It had a population of 31,291 at the 2020 United States census, 2020 census. It is located at the confluence of the Neuse River, Neuse a ...
. Rowan county residents were the very first in North Carolina to respond to the recent chain of events. On August 8, 1774 freeholders representing all parts of Rowan County met in Salisbury and unanimously adopted ''Resolutions by inhabitants of Rowan County concerning resistance to Parliamentary taxation and the Provincial Congress of North Carolina'', also colloquially known as
Rowan Resolves Rowan Resolves is the short name for a colonial era document called ''Resolutions by inhabitants of Rowan County concerning resistance to Parliamentary taxation and the Provincial Congress of North Carolina.'' It was signed in Salisbury, Rowan Coun ...
. While professing obedience and fidelity to the Crown of Great Britain, Rowan Resolves resisted taxation without representation, proclaiming it "subversive to the liberties of the colonies" and reducing the colonies to the state of slavery; asserted the cause of Sister Colony of the Massachusetts Bay and the Town of Boston as the common cause of all American colonies; decried cruelty and corruption of the
Intolerable Acts The Intolerable Acts, sometimes referred to as the Insufferable Acts or Coercive Acts, were a series of five punitive laws passed by the British Parliament in 1774 after the Boston Tea Party. The laws aimed to punish Massachusetts colonists fo ...
; called to unity among all the colonies in their resistance to the infringement upon their rights and privileges; called for boycott of British goods; and decried African slave trade as injurious to the colonies among other resolutions. Among freeholders who signed Rowan Resolves were George Cathy and Samuel Young, both of whom owned land in the general vicinity of present-day Mount Ulla. Samuel Young and Moses Winslow were elected to represent Rowan County at the First Provincial Congress of North Carolina in New Bern. The history of slavery in this part of the county is not well researched. There were fewer black residents in Western part of North Carolina than the east, but both slave and free black appear in the records from the 1750s. Abel Cowan of Wood Grove Plantation near Bear Poplar owned 36 slaves in 1840. There were records that one of the founding fathers of Back Creek Presbyterian Church, John Barr, owned two slaves on his plantation. Throughout the summer of 1868 conservative political clubs started to spring up in Western Rowan and in Mount Ulla in particular to combat Radical Republicans of the
Reconstruction Era The Reconstruction era was a period in History of the United States, US history that followed the American Civil War (1861-65) and was dominated by the legal, social, and political challenges of the Abolitionism in the United States, abol ...
.


Demographics


Population

According to 2010 US Census Bureau Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics, there were 2,525 people residing in 28125 zip code area. Twenty-five and a half percent of residents are ages 0–19. Citizens over 65 years of age comprise 14.9 percent of the population. The median age of a Mount Ulla community resident was around 42 years. Male population was 51% vs 49% female. Close to 63% of households are husband and wife families. White residents make up almost 96% of the population, Black - around 2%, Hispanic/Latino - almost 2%. Eighty percent of residents have at least completed high school. Fifteen percent of residents have received bachelor's degree or higher.


Language

Mount Ulla residents speak rural Piedmont North Carolina
dialect A dialect is a Variety (linguistics), variety of language spoken by a particular group of people. This may include dominant and standard language, standardized varieties as well as Vernacular language, vernacular, unwritten, or non-standardize ...
of
Southern American English Southern American English or Southern U.S. English is a regional dialect or collection of dialects of American English spoken throughout the Southern United States, primarily by White Southerners and increasingly concentrated in more rural areas ...
. The Scots-Irish that settled the area in the middle of the 18th century influenced the local dialect. Settlement pattern in this part of Piedmont, isolated farmsteads rather than towns, explains microdialect differences that can be heard among many descendants of the Scots-Irish today. Evidence of Scots-Irish origin of the dialect can be seen in an iconic grammatical language form of the ''a''-prefix with words ending in -''ing'' ("he is ''a-hunting''') where ''a-'' is pronounced as "''uh''"; lexicological form "''over yonder''". One feature of local dialect in pronunciation is a change of the unstressed final ''o'' sounds as in words ending in ''-o'' and ''-ow'' to -''er'' that results in ''fellow'' becoming ''feller''. Further reduction of words can be seen as well in ''potato'' sounding like ''(po)tater'' or ''mosquito'' like ''skeeter''.


Religion

Mount Ulla residents are predominantly Protestant Christians. The following churches have served the community: * Back Creek Presbyterian Church ( PCA), founded in 1805 * Cleveland United Methodist Church, established in 1902; closed 2019 * Centenary Methodist Church, established in 1884 * Ebenezer Church of Mt. Ulla (formerly Ebenezer United Methodist Church), established in 1853 * Knox Chapel United Methodist Church, organized around 1879; closed 2019 * Mount Tabor Presbyterian Church, founded in 1867 * Mount Zion Missionary Baptist Church, Boyden Quarters, established in 1853 * Oakland Presbyterian Church, founded in 1867; closed 1968 * Sills Creek AME Zion Church, founded in 1879 * Shady Grove Baptist Church, established 1879 * Smith Chapel Apostolic Holiness Church * St. Luke's Evangelical Lutheran Church, founded in 1869 * Thyatira Presbyterian Church, established before 1750


Governance

Mount Ulla is governed at the county level and does not have any local government.


Elections

Mount Ulla Township is designated Mt.Ulla voting precinct 24 with a polling place at Mt.Ulla Station of West Rowan Fire Department; North Carolina Congressional district 13;
North Carolina Senate The North Carolina Senate is the Upper house, upper chamber of the North Carolina General Assembly, which along with the North Carolina House of Representatives—the lower chamber—comprises the state legislature of North Carolina. The Senate ...
district 34;
North Carolina House of Representatives The North Carolina House of Representatives is one of the two houses of the North Carolina General Assembly. The House is a 120-member body led by a Speaker of the North Carolina House of Representatives, Speaker of the House, who holds powers si ...
district 77.


2018 government representation

As of February 9, 2019, the following legislators represent the residents of Mount Ulla in the United States and the state of North Carolina governments. *North Carolina Congressional district 13 representative:
Ted Budd Theodore Paul Budd (born October 21, 1971) is an American businessman and politician serving as the Seniority in the United States Senate, junior United States Senate, United States senator for North Carolina since 2023. A member of the Republica ...
(R) *North Carolina Senate district 34 representative: Vickie Sawyer (R) *North Carolina House district 77 representative: Julia C. Howard (R) See also: North Carolina Senators:
Richard Burr Richard Mauze Burr (born November 30, 1955) is an American businessman and politician who served as a United States senator from North Carolina from 2005 to 2023. A member of the Republican Party, Burr was previously a member of the United Stat ...
(R) since 2005, class 3 (next election in 2022) and
Thom Tillis Thomas Roland Tillis ( ; born August 30, 1960) is an American politician serving as the senior United States senator from North Carolina, a seat he has held since 2015. A member of the Republican Party, Tillis served in the North Carolina House ...
(R) since 2015, class 2 (next election in 2020).


Schools

Mount Ulla has been served since consolidation of schools in the 1960s by Mount Ulla Elementary, West Rowan Middle, and West Rowan High School. All of the schools are under Rowan-Salisbury School System jurisdiction. Mount Ulla Elementary and West Rowan High School have Mount Ulla address and are located within community boundaries. West Rowan Middle School has a Salisbury address and is not part of the community. Historical schools depicted in the 1903 map of Mount Ulla Township include: Pine Grove School, Knox School on the border with Cleveland Township, Maranda School in the southern border of the township, a high school near the train depot, and a school south of the railroad in eastern Mount Ulla Township.


History

During the early days of immigration into Rowan both German and Scotch-Irish settlers were zealous for education and religion. In their communities the school house and the church were usually one and the same structure. Thus prior to 1850 much of the educational upbringing of children was handled by religious institutions. Rev.Andrew Lockridge, the pastor of Back Creek Presbyterian Church, in addition to his ministerial work taught a classical school in the community. During this time he convinced members of the community of the need to have a denominational home college. Back Creek Church members subscribed and paid for the founding and support of
Davidson College Davidson College is a Private college, private Liberal arts colleges in the United States, liberal arts college in Davidson, North Carolina, United States. It was established in 1837 by the Concord Presbytery and named after American Revolutiona ...
during 1835–1839. Public schools began to appear in early the 1850s after the county legislature passed the law on public education in 1843. Private schools continued operations because public schools were poorly financed and operated only four or five months a year. Back Creek Academy at Mount Ulla was in operation as early as 1868. German Lutherans started one of the first area subscription schools in 1872 soon as the congregation of St.Luke's Lutheran Church formed in 1869. A parochial school was built in 1880 and St. Luke's provided a school for the community until 1897 when it closed due to public schools moving into the area. Between the years of 1881 and 1924 the public county schools in the area were the worst in the state. Many schools had only two rooms, often not fit for school use. Mount Ulla had a public school in 1918. In 1924 John H.Cook of the Greensboro Woman's College recommended improvements in public school buildings, increasing their size to not less than eight rooms. Mount Ulla was on the list of communities to improve its public school. Mount Ulla Elementary School was accredited in 1937. Mount Ulla High School was accredited in 1927. A segrated unaccredited Negro school operated at Bear Poplar. Public schools integrated in 1961 and by the mid-1960s Bear Poplar school for Blacks stopped its operation.


Fire departments

As the roads in the rural farmland of Mount Ulla improved and the density of population grew, the need for organized fire protection arose. In 1953 Mount Ulla and Bear Poplar saw the opening of their first volunteer fire department. In 1956 Centenary Volunteer Fire Department (VFD) opened to serve the community. In 2001 Mount Ulla-Bear Poplar Volunteer Fire Department merged with Centenary VFD to form class 5 West Rowan Volunteer Fire Department. It consists of four fire stations - Centenary, Bear Poplar, Mount Ulla, and Miranda - covering the area of 49 square miles of rural homes and farmland with approximately 3,000 people living in the district. West Rowan Fire Department is a volunteer non-profit entity governed by the board of directors. Like all Rowan fire department, it is funded through fire taxes. In the last decades the number of calls steadily increased, requiring more volunteers, effort, time, and money to keep volunteer departments in operation. In the late 1980s Rowan
Emergency Medical Services Emergency medical services (EMS), also known as ambulance services, pre-hospital care or paramedic services, are emergency services that provide urgent pre-hospital treatment and stabilisation for serious illness and injuries and transport to d ...
(EMS) started Medical Responder Program that trains and certifies firefighter teams to respond to medical emergencies when EMS is called. At present as of 2018 over fifty percent of calls for West Rowan VFD are medical emergencies. Medical emergencies account for the rise in overall response rates.


Transportation

* * Miller Air Park, a private airport In 1898 the North Carolina Midland Railroad extended Winston-Salem-Mocksville branch to Mooresville, where it connected to the Atlantic, Tennessee and Ohio Railroad. Mooresville junction created a through route directly connecting Winston-Salem with Charlotte. The railroad branch operated as a secondary main line. Scheduled manifest trains transported three primary products---furniture, textile, and tobacco products. Passenger trains, Carolina and Asheville Special, operated between the two endpoints of Winston-Salem and Charlotte which also provided connections to points beyond until the 1960s when automobile and airplane travel made passenger trains obsolete. Mount Ulla was a scheduled stop for passenger trains, while Bear Poplar and Mazeppa were flag stops. Steele Feed & Seed (Bear Poplar) and Mount Ulla Flour Mill were commercial shippers along the rail line. In 1915 Southern Railway leased the railroad branch. Today
Norfolk Southern The Norfolk Southern Railway is a Class I freight railroad operating in the Eastern United States. Headquartered in Atlanta, the company was formed in 1982 with the merger of the Norfolk and Western Railway and Southern Railway. The comp ...
operates the Norfolk Southern "L" Line through Mount Ulla.


Economy

Historically Mount Ulla has been a farming community and has remained such till today. Some of the notable farms and farm stores in the area are * Back Creek Farm * Bear Poplar Farm, growing food as well as serving as solar energy farm. * Brown Farm, established in 1835 * Evans Family Farm * Gander Hill Farm * Grampian Farm * Green Hills Gelbvieh * Hodge Farm * Hoffner Brothers Dairy *Keeper Creek Farm * Kerr Mill Holsteins * Mary L Farm * McLaughlin Farmhouse * Moore Farm *New Moon Natural Heritage Farm * Owen Plantation * Patterson Farm Market & Tours *Rocking J Ranch * Tailwind Farm *Walnut Hollow Farms * Webster Family Farm, flower farm and llama retirement farm protected by The LandTrust for Central North Carolina. * West Rowan Farm, Home & Garden (formerly Steele Feed & Seed; now known as Elsie's) Plans are underway to build a solar farm in Mount Ulla.


Culture


Architecture and historic communities


Historic communities

Modern-day Mount Ulla encompasses many smaller historic communities within its boundaries. Their number is indicative of smaller scale local communities that evolved in rural Rowan County when transportation was not readily available. The communities that completely or partially fall into the boundaries of Mount Ulla are: * Bear Poplar * Centenary * Mazeppa * Millbridge * Miranda * Mount Ulla The Mill Bridge Scenic Byway designated by N.C.Department of Transportation goes through a significant part of Mount Ulla. Lazy 5 Ranch, a drive through zoo of domestic and exotic animals, is located in Mount Ulla. It has been in operation since 1993 and is a home for 750 animals from six continents.


Historic architecture

Mount Ulla has a significant number of structures that are listed on the
National Register of Historic Places The National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) is the Federal government of the United States, United States federal government's official United States National Register of Historic Places listings, list of sites, buildings, structures, Hist ...
: *
Back Creek Presbyterian Church and Cemetery Back Creek Presbyterian Church and Cemetery is a historic Presbyterian church and cemetery in Mount Ulla, Rowan County, North Carolina currently affiliated with the Presbyterian Church in America (PCA). It was named for a nearby stream, which ...
; * Hall Family House * John Carlyle and Anita Sherrill House * Kerr Mill *Knox Chapel Methodist Church * Rankin-Sherrill House * Wood Grove, a historic plantation and ancestral seat of Cowan and Krider families Other historic properties include * Back Creek Church Manse (Watts-Sloop House) * Dr. George Alexander Brown House, built in 1912 by a local physician (1869–1938), who maintained an office with an operating room and a drug store behind the residence * Dr. Oni Pinkney Houston House, remains of the house built in the late 1860s on a tract of Barr family plantation, now Mary L Farm * Dr. Samuel Kerr House (Oakland) * George Henry Brown (1837–1931) House, built in the 1860s and remains the seat of the Brown family * Hart's Post Office and Hart House, built in the 1880s * Hart-Coble House, built in 1900 * Lockridge-Goodman House, built in the 1830s by Rev.Andrew Y. Lockridge who is credited for naming Mount Ulla * St. Luke's Lutheran Church


Conservation

Citizens of Mount Ulla have been involved in preserving the historic and agricultural legacy of the community. Hoffner Brothers Dairy Farm, Webster family farms, and Historic Cowan-Wagoner farm that is the site of Wood Grove are under the protection of the Three Rivers Land Trust, formerly known as LandTrust for Central North Carolina.


Tower controversy, 2005–2014

In 2005, Davidson County Broadcasting applied to place a radio tower in Mount Ulla. In response to this, citizens of Mount Ulla formed Mount Ulla Historic Preservation Society (MUHPS) in 2006 to protect rural landscape and farming legacy of the community. The Miller Air Park Association and MUHPS prevented the placement of a radio station tower on the grounds that it would be hazardous to local airplane traffic and mar the rural landscape of the community. This has become known as the tower controversy and lasted from 2005 till 2014.


Dollar General opposition

In March 2019, the citizens of Mount Ulla became aware that Dollar General wanted to place a store in the middle of the community at the intersection of NC 801 and Back Creek Church Road. This would require rezoning the land from rural agricultural to commercial, business, industrial in a community that is zoned over 99% rural agricultural. On Wednesday, April 10, 2019, Teramore Development, the company planning to build a Dollar General store, held a meeting at the West Rowan Volunteer Fire Department to answer questions. Approximately 150 citizens came to voice their strong unanimous opposition to Dollar General presence in the community. Almost a month later, on May 5, 2019, the Mount Ulla Historic Preservation Society received a legal document with information that the contract between Teramore Development and the landowner for the proposed Dollar General site was terminated. The landowner said that one of the reasons for voiding the contract was how friendly and courteous the people of Mount Ulla were to him despite the circumstances.


Civic clubs and organizations

* John Knox Chapter,
Daughters of the American Revolution The National Society Daughters of the American Revolution (often abbreviated as DAR or NSDAR) is a lineage-based membership service organization for women who are directly descended from a patriot of the American Revolutionary War. A non-p ...
*Millbridge Ruritan Club *Mount Ulla Historic Preservation Society *Mount Ulla
Lions Club Lions Clubs International, is an international service organization, currently headquartered in Oak Brook, Illinois. , it had over 46,000 local clubs and more than 1.4 million members (including the youth wing Leo clubs, Leo) in more than 200 ge ...
*Rowan Helping Ministries - West * West Rowan
Future Farmers of America The National FFA Organization or FFA is an American nonprofit career and technical student organization, which offers middle and high school classes that promote and support agricultural education. Future Farmers of Virginia (FFV) was founded in ...


Art


Barn Quilt Trail

In 2014–15, Adele Goodman of the Mount Ulla Historic Preservation Society started development of the Barn Quilt Trail in Mount Ulla and surrounding areas. Barn quilt artists who create in the area are Elsie Bennett, Pam Bostian, and Susan Bostian. Elsie Bennett's barn quilt, "Roselind's Flower" in memory of Ms. Ronney Steele was a finalist in Our State Magazine in 2018. Currently she is working on "Biggest Community Barn Quilt in North Carolina". The Mount Ulla Historic Preservation Society co-published a 2019 calendar "Barn Quilts of Rowan". On July 8, 2019, residents of Mount Ulla installed what was then the largest community barn quilt in the United States on the wall of a Bear Poplar store, Elsie's (formerly known as West Rowan Farm, Home & Garden). The Mount Ulla Community Barn Quilt is 500 square feet, twenty square feet larger than the previous title holder - a community barn quilt in
Ashland, Kansas Ashland is a city in and the county seat of Clark County, Kansas, Clark County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, the population of the city was 783. History Ashland lies along what was once a military r ...
. In November 2019 Elsie Bennett and Adele Goodman published book ''Community Barn Quilt Mural of Bear Polar: Our Stories'' where they recorded the personal stories behind the squares making up Bear Poplar's Community Barn Quilt Mural. The Bear Poplar Community Barn Quilt Mural held the title of largest barn quilt mural in the United States from 2019 until 23 October 2021 when it was surpassed by the "Always Original Barn Quilt Mural" in the nearby town of
Cleveland, North Carolina Cleveland is a town in the Cleveland Township of Rowan County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 871 at the 2010 census. History The town dates from 1831 but was not incorporated until 1833. The first post office in Clevelan ...
.


Popular culture

Mount Ulla was a filming location for
Banshee A banshee ( ; Irish language, Modern Irish , from , "woman of the Tumulus#Ireland, fairy mound" or "fairy woman") is a female spirit in Irish folklore who heralds the death of a family member, usually by screaming, wailing, shrieking, or kee ...
, an American
action Action may refer to: * Action (philosophy), something which is done by a person * Action principles the heart of fundamental physics * Action (narrative), a literary mode * Action fiction, a type of genre fiction * Action game, a genre of video gam ...
television series set in the small town of Banshee in Pennsylvania's
Amish The Amish (, also or ; ; ), formally the Old Order Amish, are a group of traditionalist Anabaptism, Anabaptist Christianity, Christian Christian denomination, church fellowships with Swiss people, Swiss and Alsace, Alsatian origins. As they ...
country.


Notable people

The following list includes notable people who were born or have lived in the vicinity of Mount Ulla, North Carolina. * Thomas Cowan, a Revolutionary War Captain * Thomas Gillespie, American Revolution Commissary, Thyatira elder, and Great-Grandfather of James K. Polk, * Samuel Eusebius McCorkle, a pioneer Presbyterian preacher, the first permanent minister at historic Thyatira Presbyterian Church, a teacher and a leader in establishment and promotion of public education in North Carolina, the inceptor of a public university and a founding father of the
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC, UNC–Chapel Hill, or simply Carolina) is a public university, public research university in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States. Chartered in 1789, the university first began enrolli ...
. *Robert Hall "Hall" Steele, a Rowan county government official who oversaw economic development, farmland, environmental, and historic preservation in the county. *Daniel and Will Thrailkill, award-winning bluegrass, gospel, contemporary bluegrass, and jazz musicians; members of Back Creek Bluegrass Boys and Trailblazers bands. *Natalie Wilson, breastfeeding advocate, researcher, and translator; a co-founder of
La Leche League La Leche League International (LLLI) () is a non-governmental, non-profit organization that organizes advocacy, education, and training related to breastfeeding. It is present in about 89 countries. The aim of the charity is to provide mother-t ...
in the former
USSR The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...
; co-founder of the first largest online Russian breastfeeding support community Lyalechka; the editor and translator of Womanly Art of Breastfeeding into Russian. * Margaret Ella Wilson Thomas, a vernacular gardener, cultivator of irises, peonies, and daylilies who was born in Mount Ulla, N.C. An iris was named "Margaret Wilson Thomas" in her honor and in appreciation for her contribution to American iris culture. *Ashton White, the first woman to place first in
SkillsUSA SkillsUSA is a United States career and technical student organization serving more than 395,000 high school, college and middle school students and professional members enrolled in training programs in trade, technical and skilled service oc ...
North Carolina and national masonry competition.


Adjacent townships

* Atwell – south * Barringer Township, Iredell County – southwest * Chambersburg Township, Iredell County – northwest *
Cleveland Cleveland is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio and the county seat of Cuyahoga County. Located along the southern shore of Lake Erie, it is situated across the Canada–U.S. maritime border and approximately west of the Ohio-Pennsylvania st ...
– north * Steele – east


References


Further reading

* Earnhardt, Crystal. (1989). ''Annie's Secret.'' Review and Herald Pub. Association. . * Goodman, Hattie S. (1905). ''The Knox family : a genealogical and biographical sketch of the descendants of John Knox of Rowan County, North Carolina, and other Knoxes''. Richmond, Va.: Whittet & Shepperson.


External links


Mount Ulla Historian BlogMount Ulla Historic Preservation Society
{{authority control Townships in Rowan County, North Carolina Townships in North Carolina Unincorporated communities in Rowan County, North Carolina Unincorporated communities in North Carolina