Monooxygenases are enzymes that incorporate one
hydroxyl group
In chemistry, a hydroxy or hydroxyl group is a functional group with the chemical formula and composed of one oxygen atom covalently bonded to one hydrogen atom. In organic chemistry, alcohols and carboxylic acids contain one or more hydroxy ...
(−OH) into substrates in many metabolic pathways. In this reaction, the two atoms of
dioxygen
There are several known allotropes of oxygen. The most familiar is molecular oxygen (), present at significant levels in Earth's atmosphere and also known as dioxygen or triplet oxygen. Another is the highly reactive ozone (). Others are:
* Ato ...
are reduced to one
hydroxyl group
In chemistry, a hydroxy or hydroxyl group is a functional group with the chemical formula and composed of one oxygen atom covalently bonded to one hydrogen atom. In organic chemistry, alcohols and carboxylic acids contain one or more hydroxy ...
and one H
2O molecule by the concomitant oxidation of
NAD(P)H.
One important subset of the monooxygenases, the
cytochrome P450 omega hydroxylases, is used by cells to metabolize arachidonic acid (i.e. eicosatetraenoic acid) to the
cell signaling
In biology, cell signaling (cell signalling in British English) is the Biological process, process by which a Cell (biology), cell interacts with itself, other cells, and the environment. Cell signaling is a fundamental property of all Cell (biol ...
molecules,
20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid or to reduce or totally inactivate the activate signaling molecules for example by hydroxylating
leukotriene B4
Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) is a leukotriene involved in inflammation. It has been shown to promote insulin resistance in obese mice.
Biochemistry
LTB4 is a leukotriene involved in inflammation. It is produced from leukocytes in response to inflammato ...
to 20-hydroxy-leukotriene B5,
5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid to 5,20-dihydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid,
5-oxo-eicosatetraenoic acid to 5-oxo-20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid,
12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid to 12,20-dihydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, and
epoxyeicosatrienoic acids to 20-hydroxy-epoxyeicosatrienoic acids.
Classification
They are classified as
oxidoreductase enzymes that catalyze an electron transfer.
Related structures2XDO2XYO2Y6R
Human proteins containing this domain
COQ6; CYP450; MICAL1
NEDD9-interacting protein with calponin homology and LIM domains is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''MICAL1'' gene.
Interactions
MICAL1 has been shown to Protein-protein interaction, interact with NEDD9 and RAB1A.
References
Furthe ...
; MICAL2
Protein MICAL-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''MICAL2'' gene
In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is transcr ...
; MICAL2PV1 MICAL may refer to:
* MICAL1, protein
* MICAL2, protein
* MICAL3, protein
* MICALL1, protein
* MICAL (Bahamas Parliament constituency)
{{Disambiguation
Acronyms ...
; MICAL2PV2 MICAL may refer to:
* MICAL1
NEDD9-interacting protein with calponin homology and LIM domains is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''MICAL1'' gene.
Interactions
MICAL1 has been shown to Protein-protein interaction, interact with NEDD9 a ...
; MICAL3
Microtubule-associated monoxygenase, calponin and LIM domain containing 3, also known as MICAL3, is a human gene
In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence o ...
;
See also
* ABM domain
References
External links
*
{{Oxygenases
Protein domains
Enzymes