Mohács (; Croatian: ''Mohač''; ; ; ; ) is a town in

Baranya County Baranya (, ; German language, German:Croatian language, Croatian:'' Baranjska županija'') is a Counties of Hungary, county () in southern Hungary. It is part of the Southern Transdanubia statistical region and the historical Baranya (region), B ...

Hungary Hungary is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning much of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia and ...

, on the right bank of the

Danube The Danube ( ; see also #Names and etymology, other names) is the List of rivers of Europe#Longest rivers, second-longest river in Europe, after the Volga in Russia. It flows through Central and Southeastern Europe, from the Black Forest sou ...

Etymology

The name probably comes from the Slavic ''*Mъchačь'',''*Mocháč'': ''mъchъ'' (moss, Hungarian ''moha'' is a loanword from Slavic) + the Slavic suffix ''-ačь'', like Slovak ''Mochnáč'' or Czech ''Macháč''. See 1093/1190/1388 ''Mohach''.

History

Two famous battles took place in the vicinity of Mohács in

1526 Year 1526 (Roman numerals, MDXXVI) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. Events January–March * January 14 – Treaty of Madrid (1526), Treaty of Madrid: Peace is declared between Francis I of France and ...

and 1687. These battles represented the beginning and end, respectively, of the Ottoman domination of Hungary. In Roman times there was a camp on the banks of the Danube near Mohács. In the medieval

Kingdom of Hungary The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed for nearly a millennium, from 1000 to 1946 and was a key part of the Habsburg monarchy from 1526-1918. The Principality of Hungary emerged as a Christian kingdom upon the Coro ...

, Mohács formed part of the historical

Baranya county Baranya (, ; German language, German:Croatian language, Croatian:'' Baranjska županija'') is a Counties of Hungary, county () in southern Hungary. It is part of the Southern Transdanubia statistical region and the historical Baranya (region), B ...

, and during Ottoman rule it functioned as the administrative seat of the Sanjak of Mohács, an Ottoman administrative unit. After the

Habsburg The House of Habsburg (; ), also known as the House of Austria, was one of the most powerful dynasties in the history of Europe and Western civilization. They were best known for their inbreeding and for ruling vast realms throughout Europe d ...

s took the area from the Ottomans, Mohács was included in the restored Baranya county. In 1910 the population of the Mohács district numbered 56,909 people, of whom 21,951 spoke German, 20,699 Hungarian, 4,312 Serbian, and 421 Croatian. Another 9,600 inhabitants were listed as speaking "other languages". Until the end of

World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

Danube Swabians The Danube Swabians ( ) is a collective term for the ethnic German-speaking population who lived in the Kingdom of Hungary in east-central Europe, especially in the Danube River valley, first in the 12th century, and in greater numbers in the 17 ...

comprised the majority of the inhabitants - called locally ''Stifolder'', because their ancestors came in the 17th and 18th centuries from

Fulda (district) The Fulda District (; ) is a ''Kreis'' (district) in the north-east of Hesse, Germany. Neighboring districts are Hersfeld-Rotenburg, Wartburgkreis, Schmalkalden-Meiningen, Rhön-Grabfeld, Bad Kissingen, Main-Kinzig, Vogelsbergkreis. Histo ...

. Most of the former German settlers were expelled to

Allied-occupied Germany The entirety of Germany was occupied and administered by the Allies of World War II, from the Berlin Declaration on 5 June 1945 to the establishment of West Germany on 23 May 1949. Unlike occupied Japan, Nazi Germany was stripped of its sov ...

and

Allied-occupied Austria Austria was occupied by the Allies of World War II, Allies and declared independence from Nazi Germany on 27 April 1945 (confirmed by the Berlin Declaration (1945), Berlin Declaration for Germany on 5 June 1945), as a result of the Vienna offen ...

in 1945-1948, in accordance with the 1945

Potsdam Agreement The Potsdam Agreement () was the agreement among three of the Allies of World War II: the United Kingdom, the United States, and the Soviet Union after the war ended in Europe that was signed on 1 August 1945 and published the following day. A ...

Events

Every spring, the town hosts the annual Busójárás carnival.

Demographics

According to the 2011 census, the total population of Mohács was 17,808, of whom there were 15,842 (84.2%)

Hungarians Hungarians, also known as Magyars, are an Ethnicity, ethnic group native to Hungary (), who share a common Culture of Hungary, culture, Hungarian language, language and History of Hungary, history. They also have a notable presence in former pa ...

, 1,723 (9.7%)

Germans Germans (, ) are the natives or inhabitants of Germany, or sometimes more broadly any people who are of German descent or native speakers of the German language. The Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany, constitution of Germany, imple ...

, 700 (3.9%)

Croats The Croats (; , ) are a South Slavs, South Slavic ethnic group native to Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and other neighboring countries in Central Europe, Central and Southeastern Europe who share a common Croatian Cultural heritage, ancest ...

, and 537 (3%) Romani. 14% of the total population did not declare their ethnicity. In Hungary, people can declare more than one ethnicity (dual identity), so the sum exceeds the total population.

Twin towns – sister cities

Mohács is twinned with: *

Beli Manastir Beli Manastir ( sr-Cyrl, Бели Манастир, ) is a town in eastern Croatia. It is the principal town of the Croatian part of Baranja, located in the Osijek-Baranja County. Name The name means "white monastery" in Serbo-Croatian. Origina ...

, Croatia * Bensheim, Germany *

Beykoz Beykoz () is a municipality and Districts of Turkey, district of Istanbul Province, Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its area is 310 km2, and its population is 247,875 (2022). It lies at the northern end of the Bosphorus on the Anatolian side. The name i ...

, Turkey * Câmpia Turzii, Romania * Siemianowice Śląskie, Poland * Sveti Filip i Jakov, Croatia * Wattrelos, France

Notable citizens

* Ferenc Pfaff (1851–1913), Hungarian architect * Endre Rozsda (1913–1999), Hungarian-French Painter * Norbert Michelisz (1984), Hungarian racing driver

Sport

Mohácsi TE is the town's association football club.

Photos

File:Mohács Duna.JPG, The

at Mohács File:Town Hall, Mohács.jpg, Town Hall File:Mohácsi Fogadalmi templom (by Pudelek).JPG, Church in the center of city File:Hősök ligete Mohács A.JPG, Memorial park File:Hősök ligete Mohács F.JPG, Memorial park File:Busójárás (Mohács), 2009.jpg, Annual carnival ''Busójárás'' File:Buso masks.jpg, Buso masks File:Carnival in Mohács.jpg, Carnival File:Buso.JPG, Carnival File:Mohács (Mohatsch, Mohač) - city limit.JPG, Multilingual ( Hungarian, German and Croatian) city limit sign

References

External links

* in Hungarian, English and German {{DEFAULTSORT:Mohacs Populated places in Baranya County Hungarian German communities Croatian communities in Hungary Serb communities in Hungary Baranya (region) History of Baranya (region)