Mohammad-Hadi Ma'refat (1931 in

Karbala Karbala is a major city in central Iraq. It is the capital of Karbala Governorate. With an estimated population of 691,100 people in 2024, Karbala is the second largest city in central Iraq, after Baghdad. The city is located about southwest ...

– 2007 in

Qom Qom (; ) is a city in the Central District of Qom County, Qom province, Iran, serving as capital of the province, the county, and the district. It is the seventh largest metropolis and also the seventh largest city in Iran. The city is ...

) was a

Shi'a Shia Islam is the second-largest branch of Islam. It holds that Muhammad designated Ali ibn Abi Talib () as both his political successor ( caliph) and as the spiritual leader of the Muslim community ( imam). However, his right is understoo ...

scholar, clergyman, researcher on Quranic studies and interpretation, and the founder and former president of Tamhid Cultural Institute. He is the descendant of Shaykh Abd-al-'Ali Meysi, the author of ''Risalah Meysiyyah''. He was a member of "

Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom The Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom () is an Iranian group founded in 1961/3 by the leading Muslim clerics of Qom. Established by the students of Ayatollah Khomeini after his exile to Iraq, it was formed in order to organize political ac ...

" and he held the title of

Ayatollah Ayatollah (, ; ; ) is an Title of honor, honorific title for high-ranking Twelver Shia clergy. It came into widespread usage in the 20th century. Originally used as a title bestowed by popular/clerical acclaim for a small number of the most di ...

. He had many influential works in the field of Quranic studies such as "''Al-Tamhid fi al-'Ulum al-Quran''", "''Siyanah Al-Quran min-al-Tahrif''", "''Al-Tafsir wa-al-Mufassirun fi Thawbah al-Qashib''", and "''Tafsir al-Athari al-Jami''". He is buried in

Fatima Masumeh Shrine The Shrine of Fatima Masumeh () is a Twelver Shi'ite shrine, located in the city of Qom, in the province of Qom, Iran. Qom is considered by Twelver Shia Muslims to be the second most sacred city in Iran after Mashhad. Fatima Masumeh was the si ...

in the city of

Education

He first attended the

Islamic seminary Madrasa (, also , ; Arabic: مدرسة , ), sometimes Romanization of Arabic, romanized as madrasah or madrassa, is the Arabic word for any Educational institution, type of educational institution, secular or religious (of any religion), whet ...

. He finished advanced courses of Islamic

jurisprudence Jurisprudence, also known as theory of law or philosophy of law, is the examination in a general perspective of what law is and what it ought to be. It investigates issues such as the definition of law; legal validity; legal norms and values ...

(Fiqh) and the

Principles of Islamic jurisprudence Principles of Islamic jurisprudence () are traditional methodological principles used in Islamic jurisprudence (''fiqh'') for deriving the rulings of Islamic law (''sharia''). Traditional theory of Islamic jurisprudence elaborates how the scri ...

there. He moved to

Najaf Najaf is the capital city of the Najaf Governorate in central Iraq, about 160 km (99 mi) south of Baghdad. Its estimated population in 2024 is about 1.41 million people. It is widely considered amongst the holiest cities of Shia Islam an ...

to study the courses of Ayatollah

Abu al-Qasim al-Khoei Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Abu al-Qasim Musawi Khoei ( ; (; ; November 19, 1899 – August 8, 1992) was an Iranian Shia marja'. Khoei is considered one of the most influential twelver scholars. After the death of Muhsin al-Hakim in 1970, he became ...

; then, he moved to "

Qom Seminary The Qom Seminary (') is the largest and one of the foremost Shia Islam, Shia hawzas (Islamic seminaries), located in the city of Qom, Iran. It is the largest seminary in Iran, established in 1922 by Grand Ayatollah Abdul-Karim Haeri Yazdi in Qom to ...

". Ma'refat attended the courses of Ayatollah

Mirza Hashem Amoli Ayatollah Mirza Hashem Amoli Larijani (; 26 February 189925 February 1993) was an Iranian Shia Marja' and scholar of jurisprudence. Amoli was the father of Ali Larijani, Sadegh Larijani, Mohammad Javad Larijani and Fazel Larijani who have held ...

and then officially started teaching in the Qom Seminary.

Works

Mohammad-Hadi Ma'refat has many works in the field of interpretation (

Tafsir Tafsir ( ; ) refers to an exegesis, or commentary, of the Quran. An author of a ''tafsir'' is a ' (; plural: ). A Quranic ''tafsir'' attempts to provide elucidation, explanation, interpretation, context or commentary for clear understanding ...

) and

Quranic studies Quranic studies is the academic study of the Quran, the central religious text of Islam. Like in biblical studies, the field uses and applies a diverse set of Academic discipline, disciplines and methods, such as philology, textual criticism, lex ...

. Some of his outstanding works are as follows: *''Siyanah Al-Quran min-al-Tahrif'' *''Al-Tamhid fi al-'Ulum al-Quran'' *''Talkhis al-Tamhid'' *''Introduction to the Sciences of the Qur'an'' (English translation of ''Talkhis al-Tamhid'' Translated by Salim Rossier, Mansoor Limba; Abridged and introduced by Mohammad Saeed Bahamanpuor *''Al-

wa-al-Mufassirun fi Thawbah al-Qashib'' (two volumes) *''

'' ''al-Athari al-Jami *''Shubahat wa Rudud Hawl al-Quran'' *''Shubahat Wa rudud Hawl al-Quran al-Karim'' *''Quranic Studies'' *''The History of

Quran The Quran, also Romanization, romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a Waḥy, revelation directly from God in Islam, God (''Allah, Allāh''). It is organized in 114 chapters (, ) which ...

'' *''Teachings on Quranic Studies'' *''Tanasukh al-Arwah'' *''Wilayah al-Faqih; 'Ab'aduha wa Hududuha'' *''Wilayat Faqih (

Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist The Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist (, also ''Velayat-e Faghih''; ) is a concept in Twelver Shia Islamic law which holds that until the reappearance of the "infallible Imam" (sometime before Judgement Day), the religious and social affairs ...

)'' *''Civil Society'' *''Malikiyyah al-'Ardh'' *''Tamhid al-Qawa'id'' *''

Hadith Hadith is the Arabic word for a 'report' or an 'account f an event and refers to the Islamic oral tradition of anecdotes containing the purported words, actions, and the silent approvals of the Islamic prophet Muhammad or his immediate circle ...

'' ''la-ta'ad'' *''

'' ''man Zada fi Salateh''

References

1931 births 2007 deaths Iranian Shia clerics Iranian Shia scholars of Islam Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom members {{Islam-bio-stub