In
molecular biology
Molecular biology is a branch of biology that seeks to understand the molecule, molecular basis of biological activity in and between Cell (biology), cells, including biomolecule, biomolecular synthesis, modification, mechanisms, and interactio ...
mir-663 microRNA is a short
RNA
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a polymeric molecule that is essential for most biological functions, either by performing the function itself (non-coding RNA) or by forming a template for the production of proteins (messenger RNA). RNA and deoxyrib ...
molecule.
MicroRNA
Micro ribonucleic acid (microRNA, miRNA, μRNA) are small, single-stranded, non-coding RNA molecules containing 21–23 nucleotides. Found in plants, animals, and even some viruses, miRNAs are involved in RNA silencing and post-transcr ...
s function to regulate the expression levels of other genes by several mechanisms.
Gastric cancer suppression
miR-663 has been identified as a possible suppressor of tumour growth, with its levels downregulated in human
gastric cancer
Stomach cancer, also known as gastric cancer, is a malignant tumor of the stomach. It is a cancer that develops in the lining of the stomach. Most cases of stomach cancers are gastric carcinomas, which can be divided into a number of subtypes ...
cell lines. Its introduction into the two human gastric cancer cell lines BGC823 and SNU5 induces morphology changes and suppresses cell proliferation.
Transfection with miR-663 also sees a resultant upregulation of
cyclin B.
miR-155 upregulation and other molecular targets
Resveratrol, a
natural phenol and
antioxidant
Antioxidants are Chemical compound, compounds that inhibit Redox, oxidation, a chemical reaction that can produce Radical (chemistry), free radicals. Autoxidation leads to degradation of organic compounds, including living matter. Antioxidants ...
, upregulates miR-663 in human
THP-1 monocytic cells, human blood monocytes and MCF7 brest cancer cells.
Endogenous
activator protein-1 (AP-1) activity is decreased by miR-663 and there is additional impaired
lipopolysaccharide
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), now more commonly known as endotoxin, is a collective term for components of the outermost membrane of the cell envelope of gram-negative bacteria, such as '' E. coli'' and ''Salmonella'' with a common structural archit ...
upregulation. miR-663 directly targets
JunD and JunB transcripts, and alters AP-1 upregulation through this. It is further involved in the impaired lipopolysaccharide upregulation of miR-155 by resveratrol.
miR-663 also directly targets
EEF1A2, translation elongation factor and well-known protooncogene.
See also
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MicroRNA
Micro ribonucleic acid (microRNA, miRNA, μRNA) are small, single-stranded, non-coding RNA molecules containing 21–23 nucleotides. Found in plants, animals, and even some viruses, miRNAs are involved in RNA silencing and post-transcr ...
References
Further reading
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External links
* {{Rfam, id=RF00957, name=mir-663 microRNA precursor family
MicroRNA
MicroRNA precursor families