The Ministry of War of Württemberg () was a ministry of the

Kingdom of Württemberg The Kingdom of Württemberg ( ) was a German state that existed from 1806 to 1918, located within the area that is now Baden-Württemberg. The kingdom was a continuation of the Electorate of Württemberg, which existed from 1803 to 1806. Geogr ...

, that existed from 1806 to 1919. It was located in

Stuttgart Stuttgart (; ; Swabian German, Swabian: ; Alemannic German, Alemannic: ; Italian language, Italian: ; ) is the capital city, capital and List of cities in Baden-Württemberg by population, largest city of the States of Germany, German state of ...

at Olgastraße 13.

History

The predecessor of the Ministry of War, the ''Kriegsratskollegium'', was established on 14 March 1705. Each of the four German kingdoms (Württemberg,

Prussia Prussia (; ; Old Prussian: ''Prūsija'') was a Germans, German state centred on the North European Plain that originated from the 1525 secularization of the Prussia (region), Prussian part of the State of the Teutonic Order. For centuries, ...

Saxony Saxony, officially the Free State of Saxony, is a landlocked state of Germany, bordering the states of Brandenburg, Saxony-Anhalt, Thuringia, and Bavaria, as well as the countries of Poland and the Czech Republic. Its capital is Dresden, and ...

and

Bavaria Bavaria, officially the Free State of Bavaria, is a States of Germany, state in the southeast of Germany. With an area of , it is the list of German states by area, largest German state by land area, comprising approximately 1/5 of the total l ...

) continued, according to an 1870 military treaty, to have their own war ministries from the

Unification of Germany The unification of Germany (, ) was a process of building the first nation-state for Germans with federalism, federal features based on the concept of Lesser Germany (one without Habsburgs' multi-ethnic Austria or its German-speaking part). I ...

until the adoption of the 1919

Weimar Constitution The Constitution of the German Reich (), usually known as the Weimar Constitution (), was the constitution that governed Germany during the Weimar Republic era. The constitution created a federal semi-presidential republic with a parliament whose ...

, that provided for a unified, federal ministry of defence.

Kingdom of Württemberg

Upon the establishment of the Kingdom of Württemberg, King

Frederick I Frederick I or Friedrich I may refer to: * Frederick of Utrecht or Frederick I (815/16–834/38), Bishop of Utrecht. * Frederick I, Duke of Upper Lorraine (942–978) * Frederick I, Duke of Swabia (1050–1105) * Frederick I ...

dissolved all councils and created a constitutional monarchy within the

German Empire The German Empire (),; ; World Book, Inc. ''The World Book dictionary, Volume 1''. World Book, Inc., 2003. p. 572. States that Deutsches Reich translates as "German Realm" and was a former official name of Germany. also referred to as Imperia ...

, with four votes in the Federal Council () and 17 in the Imperial Diet (). The kingdom possessed a

bicameral legislature Bicameralism is a type of legislature that is divided into two separate assemblies, chambers, or houses, known as a bicameral legislature. Bicameralism is distinguished from unicameralism, in which all members deliberate and vote as a single ...

with the upper chamber, (), being appointed by the King and the lower house, (), electing its own chairman (after 1874). The highest executive power rested in the hands of the Ministry of State (), consisting of six ministers:

Justice In its broadest sense, justice is the idea that individuals should be treated fairly. According to the ''Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy'', the most plausible candidate for a core definition comes from the ''Institutes (Justinian), Inst ...

Foreign Affairs ''Foreign Affairs'' is an American magazine of international relations and foreign policy of the United States, U.S. foreign policy published by the Council on Foreign Relations, a nonprofit organization, nonprofit, nonpartisan, membership or ...

(with the royal household, railways, posts and telegraphs), Interior, Public Worship and

Education Education is the transmission of knowledge and skills and the development of character traits. Formal education occurs within a structured institutional framework, such as public schools, following a curriculum. Non-formal education als ...

, War, and

Finance Finance refers to monetary resources and to the study and Academic discipline, discipline of money, currency, assets and Liability (financial accounting), liabilities. As a subject of study, is a field of Business administration, Business Admin ...

. There was no official

Prime Minister A prime minister or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. A prime minister is not the head of state, but r ...

in Württemberg until 1876, when the Mittnacht Government was reconsolidated. The Ministers who emerged as speakers in the State Parliament were generally regarded by their contemporaries as ''

primus inter pares is a Latin phrase meaning first among equals. It is typically used as an honorary title for someone who is formally equal to other members of their group but is accorded unofficial respect, traditionally owing to their seniority in office. H ...

'' of the Ministerial Council, and the respective governments were named after these Ministers. The kingdom ended with the abdication of King William II in November 1918, but the political system experienced no further convulsions of a serious character, with a constitution that resembled those of the other

German states The Federal Republic of Germany is a federation and consists of sixteen partly sovereign ''states''. Of the sixteen states, thirteen are so-called area-states ('Flächenländer'); in these, below the level of the state government, there is a ...

Organization

As of 1806, the Ministry was organized with a President, Vice-President, six councils, two secretaries, two clerks and a registrar. The Department of War () was renamed War Department () in 1811 and was now subordinate to a "President" with a "Vice President". From 1822 the War Department was called the War Council () and was directly subordinate to the Minister of War. In 1829 the War Council was dissolved.

Leaders

;Presidents of the Department of War/War Council: * 1806–1806: Ferdinand Friedrich von Nicolai * 1806–1811:

Duke William Frederick Philip of Württemberg Duke William Frederick Philip of Württemberg (27 December 1761, in Stettin – 10 August 1830, in Schloss von Stetten im Remstal) was a prince of the House of Württemberg and a minister for war. Early life William was the fourth son of Frederi ...

* 1811–1816: Friedrich von Phull * 1817–1829:

Ernst von Hügel Ernst Eugen, Baron von Hügel (26 March 1774 – 30 March 1849) was a Württemberg General during the Napoleonic Wars and Ministry of War of Württemberg, Minister of War between 1829 and 1842. Early life Hügel was born on 26 March 1774 in Ludwig ...

;Minister of War: * 1806–1815:

* 1816–1829:

Frederic von Franquemont Friedrich von Franquemont (5 March 1770 – 2 January 1842) was a Württembergian general during the Napoleonic Wars and later a Württemberg State Secretary and Minister of War. Life Franquemont was born in Ludwigsburg, the son of an illegitim ...

* 1829–1842:

* 1842–1848:

Johann Georg von Sontheim Johann, typically a male given name, is the German form of ''Iohannes'', which is the Latin form of the Greek name ''Iōánnēs'' (), itself derived from Hebrew name '' Yochanan'' () in turn from its extended form (), meaning "Yahweh is Gracious" ...

* 1848–1849: August von Rüpplin * 1849–1850: Fidel von Baur-Breitenfeld * 1850–1865: Moriz von Miller * 1865–1866: Kuno von Wiederhold * 1866–1867: Oskar von Hardegg * 1867–1870: Rudolf von Wagner-Frommenhausen * 1870–1874: Albert von Suckow * 1874–1883: Theodor von Wundt * 1883–1892: Gustav von Steinheil * 1892–1901: Max Schott von Schottenstein * 1901–1906: Albert von Schurlen * 1906–1918: Otto von Marchtaler * 1918–1918: ''vacant'' * 1918–1918: Albert Schreiner * 1918–1919: Ulrich Fischer * 1919–1919: Immanuel Herrmann

Office

The office of the War Ministry was in Stuttgart at Olgastraße 13. File:Stgt, Olgastr. 13.JPG, File:Stgt, Olgastr. 13, Portal.JPG, File:Stgt, Olgastr. 13, Plastik.jpg,

References

Sources

* * {{DEFAULTSORT:Ministry of War of Wurttemberg Kingdom of Württemberg Military history of Württemberg Minister of War of Württemberg 1806 establishments in the Confederation of the Rhine 1919 disestablishments in Germany 19th-century establishments in Württemberg