The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Württemberg () was a ministry of the

Kingdom of Württemberg The Kingdom of Württemberg ( ) was a German state that existed from 1806 to 1918, located within the area that is now Baden-Württemberg. The kingdom was a continuation of the Electorate of Württemberg, which existed from 1803 to 1806. Geogr ...

, that existed from 1806 to 1919.

History

The position was also called the "Minister of the Royal House and of Foreign Affairs."

Kingdom of Württemberg

Upon the establishment of the Kingdom of Württemberg, King

Frederick I Frederick I or Friedrich I may refer to: * Frederick of Utrecht or Frederick I (815/16–834/38), Bishop of Utrecht. * Frederick I, Duke of Upper Lorraine (942–978) * Frederick I, Duke of Swabia (1050–1105) * Frederick I ...

dissolved all councils and created a constitutional monarchy within the

German Empire The German Empire (),; ; World Book, Inc. ''The World Book dictionary, Volume 1''. World Book, Inc., 2003. p. 572. States that Deutsches Reich translates as "German Realm" and was a former official name of Germany. also referred to as Imperia ...

, with four votes in the Federal Council () and 17 in the Imperial Diet (). The kingdom possessed a

bicameral legislature Bicameralism is a type of legislature that is divided into two separate assemblies, chambers, or houses, known as a bicameral legislature. Bicameralism is distinguished from unicameralism, in which all members deliberate and vote as a single ...

with the upper chamber, (), being appointed by the King and the lower house, (), electing its own chairman (after 1874). The highest executive power rested in the hands of the Ministry of State (), consisting of six ministers:

Justice In its broadest sense, justice is the idea that individuals should be treated fairly. According to the ''Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy'', the most plausible candidate for a core definition comes from the ''Institutes (Justinian), Inst ...

, Foreign Affairs (with the royal household, railways, posts and telegraphs),

Interior Interior may refer to: Arts and media * ''Interior'' (Degas) (also known as ''The Rape''), painting by Edgar Degas * ''Interior'' (play), 1895 play by Belgian playwright Maurice Maeterlinck * ''The Interior'' (novel), by Lisa See * Interior de ...

Public Worship In public relations and communication science, publics are groups of individual people, and the public (a.k.a. the general public) is the totality of such groupings. This is a different concept to the sociological concept of the ''Öffentlichkei ...

and

Education Education is the transmission of knowledge and skills and the development of character traits. Formal education occurs within a structured institutional framework, such as public schools, following a curriculum. Non-formal education als ...

War War is an armed conflict between the armed forces of states, or between governmental forces and armed groups that are organized under a certain command structure and have the capacity to sustain military operations, or between such organi ...

, and

Finance Finance refers to monetary resources and to the study and Academic discipline, discipline of money, currency, assets and Liability (financial accounting), liabilities. As a subject of study, is a field of Business administration, Business Admin ...

. There was no official

Prime Minister A prime minister or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. A prime minister is not the head of state, but r ...

in Württemberg until 1876, when the Mittnacht Government was reconsolidated. The Ministers who emerged as speakers in the State Parliament were generally regarded by their contemporaries as ''

primus inter pares is a Latin phrase meaning first among equals. It is typically used as an honorary title for someone who is formally equal to other members of their group but is accorded unofficial respect, traditionally owing to their seniority in office. H ...

'' of the Ministerial Council, and the respective governments were named after these Ministers. The kingdom ended with the abdication of King William II in November 1918, but the political system experienced no further convulsions of a serious character, with a constitution that resembled those of the other

German states The Federal Republic of Germany is a federation and consists of sixteen partly sovereign ''states''. Of the sixteen states, thirteen are so-called area-states ('Flächenländer'); in these, below the level of the state government, there is a ...

Ministers of Foreign Affairs

* 1806–1807: Georg Ernst Levin von Wintzingerode * 1807–1812: Ludwig von Taube * 1812–1814: Ferdinand Ludwig von Zeppelin * 1814–1816: Georg Ernst Levin von Wintzingerode * 1816–1819: Ferdinand Ludwig von Zeppelin * 1819–1823: Heinrich Levin von Wintzingerode * 1823–1848: Joseph Ignaz von Beroldingen * 1848–1849: Karl von Roser * 1849–1850: Karl von Wächter-Spittler * 1850–1851: Joseph von Linden * 1851–1854: Constantin Franz von Neurath * 1854–1855: Joseph von Linden * 1855–1864:

Karl Eugen von Hügel Baron Karl Eugen von Hügel (24 May 1805 – 29 May 1870) was a German diplomat and Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Württemberg, Foreign Minister of the Kingdom of Württemberg. Early life Karl Eugen was born on 24 May 1805 in Stuttgart, into the ...

* 1864–1870: Karl von Varnbüler * 1870–1871: Adolf von Taube * 1871–1873:

August von Wächter Baron Johann August von Wächter zu Lautenbach (3 April 1807 – 3 August 1879) was a Württemberg diplomat and politician. Early life Wächter was born in The Hague on 3 April 1807 into an old Württemberg family of civil servants. He was the so ...

* 1873–1900: Hermann von Mittnacht * 1900–1906:

Julius von Soden Julius Freiherr von Soden (5 February 1846 – 2 February 1921) was a German colonial administrator and politician. He was the Governor of the colonies of Kamerun and German East Africa, and later became ''Chef de Cabinet'' and Foreign Ministe ...

* 1906–1918:

Karl von Weizsäcker Karl Hugo Freiherr von Weizsäcker (25 February 1853 – 2 February 1926) was a German politician who served as Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Württemberg, and a member of the prominent Weizsäcker family. Early life He was born Karl Hugo Weiz ...

* 1918–1918: Theodor Liesching * 1918–1920:

Wilhelm Blos Wilhelm Josef Blos (5 October 1849 – 6 July 1927) was a German journalist, historian, novelist, dramatist and politician (SPD). He served as a member of the imperial parliament (''Reichstag'') between 1877 and 1918, albeit with one three year ...

List of treaties of the Kingdom of Württemberg

* Act for the Organization of the German Confederation * Bavaria–Württemberg Customs Union Treaty *

Dresden Coinage Convention The Dresden Coinage Convention of 1838 was a multilateral treaty that attempted to bring some degree of standardisation to the currencies used in the ''Zollverein''. The convention was agreed to at the General Mint Convention of the States of t ...

Geneva Convention (1864) upright=1.15, The original document in single pages, 1864 The Geneva Conventions are international humanitarian laws consisting of four treaties and three additional protocols that establish international legal standards for humanitarian tr ...

* Munich Coinage Treaty * Paris Declaration Respecting Maritime Law *

Saint Petersburg Declaration of 1868 The Saint Petersburg Declaration of 1868 or in full Declaration Renouncing the Use, in Time of War, of Explosive Projectiles Under 400 Grammes Weight is an international treaty agreed in Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire, November 29 / December 11 ...

* Treaty of Fulda * Treaty of the Confederation of the Rhine *

Vienna Monetary Treaty The Vienna Monetary Treaty (also known as the Vienna Coinage Treaty) of 1857 was a treaty that set a currency standard for use across the German Zollverein states, Austria, and Liechtenstein. The official name of the treaty was Monetary Treaty Betw ...

* Zollverein Treaties

See

References

External links

Ministry of Foreign Affairs concerning Württemberg legation in Berlin (inventory)
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Wurttemberg Kingdom of Württemberg Foreign Ministers of Württemberg 1806 establishments in the Confederation of the Rhine 1919 disestablishments in Germany 19th-century establishments in Württemberg