Miklós Ybl (6 April 1814 in
Székesfehérvár
Székesfehérvár (; ; ; ; Serbian language, Serbian: ''Стони Београд''; ), known colloquially as Fehérvár (), is a city in central Hungary, and the country's ninth-largest city. It is the Regions of Hungary, regional capital of C ...
– 22 January 1891 in
Budapest
Budapest is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns of Hungary, most populous city of Hungary. It is the List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, tenth-largest city in the European Union by popul ...
) was one of Europe's leading architects in the mid to late nineteenth century as well as
Hungary
Hungary is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning much of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia and ...
's most influential architect during his career.
His most well-known work is the
Hungarian State Opera House in
Budapest
Budapest is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns of Hungary, most populous city of Hungary. It is the List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, tenth-largest city in the European Union by popul ...
(1875–84).
Background
After graduating from the
Institute of Technology
An institute of technology (also referred to as technological university, technical university, university of technology, polytechnic university) is an institution of tertiary education that specializes in engineering, technology, applied science ...
in
Vienna
Vienna ( ; ; ) is the capital city, capital, List of largest cities in Austria, most populous city, and one of Federal states of Austria, nine federal states of Austria. It is Austria's primate city, with just over two million inhabitants. ...
, Ybl became
Mihály Pollack's assistant in 1832 and worked in Henrik Koch's office between 1836 and 1840. Following this, he moved to
Munich
Munich is the capital and most populous city of Bavaria, Germany. As of 30 November 2024, its population was 1,604,384, making it the third-largest city in Germany after Berlin and Hamburg. Munich is the largest city in Germany that is no ...
and studied at the
Academy of Fine Arts and then to Italy to study. After his return, he entered into partnership with the son of Mihály Pollack, Ágoston; together they refurbished the Ikervár Castle of Count
Lajos Batthyány
Count Lajos Batthyány de Németújvár (; ; 10 February 1807 – 6 October 1849) was the first Prime Minister of Hungary. He was born in Pozsony (modern-day Bratislava) on 10 February 1807, and was executed by firing squad in Pest, Hungary, Pe ...
. His first main work was the church in Fót, built between 1845 and 1855.
His early, large projects were built in Romantic style, influenced by eastern motifs. Although
Romanesque shapes also occur in his later buildings, after his second study tour to Italy from 1860 he became interested in the possibility of the revitalisation of the
Italian Renaissance
The Italian Renaissance ( ) was a period in History of Italy, Italian history between the 14th and 16th centuries. The period is known for the initial development of the broader Renaissance culture that spread across Western Europe and marked t ...
style, and designed several
neo-Renaissance
Renaissance Revival architecture (sometimes referred to as "Neo-Renaissance") is a group of 19th-century Revivalism (architecture), architectural revival styles which were neither Greek Revival architecture, Greek Revival nor Gothic Revival ar ...
buildings. Many of his buildings became, and indeed are still today, determinant elements of the cityscape of
Budapest
Budapest is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns of Hungary, most populous city of Hungary. It is the List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, tenth-largest city in the European Union by popul ...
:
Saint Stephen's Basilica (1867–91), the
Rác Thermal Bath
The Rác Thermal Bath, located in Budapest, Hungary, is an 8000-square metre bath and is renowned for its Turkish bath dating back to the 16th century, and its imperial pools and shower corridor built in the age of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy. T ...
, the former Palace of Customs, (1871–74), and the throne room and Krisztinaváros wing of the
Royal Palace. He also built countless churches, apartments and castles in the provinces.
The annual architectural prize founded in 1953 was named after him in his honor.
2014 was named "Ybl Memorial Year" in Hungary.
Gallery
Fót, Katolikus plébániatemplom.jpg, Catholic church in Fót
Károlyi Palace, Budapest.jpg, Károlyi Palace, Budapest
Corvinus_foepulet.jpg, Ybl designed the Palace of Customs which today houses the Corvinus University of Budapest
Corvinus University of Budapest () is a private university, private research university in Budapest, Hungary. The university currently has an enrolment of approximately 9,600 students, with a primary focus on business administration, economics, ...
Aftnn St Stephen's Basilica.jpg, Saint Stephen's Basilica in Budapest
Budapest is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns of Hungary, most populous city of Hungary. It is the List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, tenth-largest city in the European Union by popul ...
Ikervár - Palace.jpg, Ikervár - Palace
Major works
* 1845–1849:
Fót,
Károlyi Castle rebuilding.
* 1845–1855: Fót, Roman Catholic church
* :
Budapest
Budapest is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns of Hungary, most populous city of Hungary. It is the List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, tenth-largest city in the European Union by popul ...
, Grabovszky – (Rózsa-) villa
* 1857–1858: Budapest, National stables
* :
Albertirsa,
Szapáry chapel crypt
* :
Leányfalu
Leányfalu is a riverside village in Pest county, Budapest metropolitan area, Hungary. It is just north of Szentendre located at . Located between the branch of the Little Danube (Kis-Duna) and the spurs of the Visegrád Mountains, Leányfalu st ...
, Gyulai-villa
* : , Wenckheim castle
* 1860–1864:
Nagycenk, R.C. church
* 1862:
Kecskemét
Kecskemét ( ) is a city with county rights in central Hungary. It is the List of cities and towns of Hungary, eighth-largest city in the country, and the county seat of Bács-Kiskun County, Bács-Kiskun.
Kecskemét lies halfway between the ca ...
, Evangelical church
* 1862–1865: Budapest,
Festetics
The House of Festetics (singular, not plural) or Feštetić (in Croatian) is the name of a historic noble family of Hungarian counts and princes which dates back to 15th century. A prominent family during the Austro-Hungarian Empire, they are mostl ...
Palace
* 1862-1864:
Ečka, R.C. church
* 1863: Budapest, German theatre (not built)
* 1863: Budapest,
Károlyi Palace
* 1863–1864: Budapest, MTA building
* :
Fegyvernek,
Szapáry Castle
* 1865–1866: Budapest, old parliament building
* 1865–1879: Budapest, R.C. church, Bakáts squ.
* 1867: Budapest, Pálffy Palace
* 1867–1891: Budapest, István Szent basilica. Began by Hild, continued by Ybl and finished by J. Kauser
* 1869:
First National Savings Bank of Pest
* 1870–1874: Budapest, Customs house
* 1871: Budapest, Margit bridge (not built)
* :
Parád, Ybl Hotel
* 1873–1884: Budapest,
Hungarian State Opera House
* 1874–1982: Budapest, Castle kiosk and bazaar
* 1875–1879:
Ókígyós, Wenckheim castle
* 1880–1882:
Parádsasvár,
Károlyi Castle
* 1880–1891: Budapest, Castle hill remodelling
* 1882–1888: Budapest, Budapest Clarisseum R.C. church
* 1883–1884: Budapest,
Széchenyi Palace (demolished)
* : Parád, Erzsébet Hotel
* and other structures in
Csurgó,
Doboz,
Kétegyháza,
Lengyeltóti
Lengyeltóti is a town in Somogy county, Hungary.
The settlement is part of the Balatonboglár wine region.
Settings
The town can be found south from Fonyód, along the highway to Somogyvár, the old seat of the county. The highway went from t ...
,
Mácsa,
Marcali
Marcali (; ) is a town in Somogy County, Hungary, and the seat of Marcali District.
The settlement is part of the Balatonboglár wine region.
Geography
It lies 14 km south of Lake Balaton, next to the main road 68 and the '' Somogyszob- Ba ...
, Ókigyós,
Surány, etc.
See also
*
List of Hungarian architects
References
External links
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ybl, Miklos
1814 births
1891 deaths
People from Székesfehérvár
Hungarian-German people
Burials at Kerepesi Cemetery
19th-century Hungarian architects