''Miguxês'' ( or ), also known in
Portugal
Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic, is a country on the Iberian Peninsula in Southwestern Europe. Featuring Cabo da Roca, the westernmost point in continental Europe, Portugal borders Spain to its north and east, with which it share ...
as ''pita talk'' or ''pita script'' (
pronounced ), is an
Internet slang of the
Portuguese language
Portuguese ( or ) is a Western Romance language of the Indo-European language family originating from the Iberian Peninsula of Europe. It is the official language of Angola, Brazil, Cape Verde, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique, Portugal and São Tom� ...
that was popular in the 2000s and early 2010s among
Brazil
Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, fifth-largest country by area and the List of countries and dependencies by population ...
ian teenagers on the
Internet
The Internet (or internet) is the Global network, global system of interconnected computer networks that uses the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices. It is a internetworking, network of networks ...
and other electronic media, such as messages written on
cell phones
A mobile phone or cell phone is a portable telephone that allows users to make and receive Telephone call, calls over a radio frequency link while moving within a designated telephone service area, unlike fixed-location phones (landline phone ...
.
Brief history
Its name derives from , a corruption from , turn a term used for , or "buddy" in Portuguese. This
sociolect
In sociolinguistics, a sociolect is a form of language ( non-standard dialect, restricted register) or a set of lexical items used by a socioeconomic class, profession, age group, or other social group.
Sociolects involve both passive acquisit ...
of Vernacular
Brazilian Portuguese
Brazilian Portuguese (; ; also known as pt-BR) is the set of Variety (linguistics), varieties of Portuguese language native to Brazil. It is spoken by almost all of the 203 million inhabitants of Brazil and widely across the Brazilian diaspora ...
brought possible simplifications in the grammatical structures, since the vehicles in which was used were nearly universally colloquial, often space-delimited (such as
SMS messages,
instant messengers or
social network
A social network is a social structure consisting of a set of social actors (such as individuals or organizations), networks of Dyad (sociology), dyadic ties, and other Social relation, social interactions between actors. The social network per ...
s). It also tended to have "simpler" orthography in comparison to standard Portuguese orthography, which led to the most strong criticism to it ( without its common alternative spellings was associated with the just normal Internet and/or youth slang).
There are identitarian and orthographic differences between the so-called
leetspeak, , and — Brazilian Portuguese for
netspeak, which is by far the one that most closely resembles standard Portuguese —, all common sociolects that were found in the Portuguese-speaking digital network community, the three latter ones created in it.
Basically, the use of each category depended on the individual choice and the environment in which people were interacting. While in the Internet, in a general manner, there is a handful of a different phenomenon in which users communicate with abbreviations to simplify writing, carried with it an effective intention, that is, to express an infantile language in a conversation between friends, or even satirize this style of communication. In certain subcultures in Brazil, especially in the case of what is called '
emo' there, was an item of group identification. So it was not unusual for someone which opposes such subcultures to also develop a distaste for . Brazilian '
anti-emo' groups usually satirized 'emo' teenagers with use of .
Together with the cited urban tribes, they started to fall out of the mainstream in the early 2010s, so that they have much lower popularity with the following teen generation that did not see its spreading as a frequent Internet meme.
Spelling
Although orthography rules of may vary individually, and also in each region and in different
urban tribes since it is plain broken Portuguese, there are certain characteristics often commonly found as:
* Replacement of ''s'' and ''c'' for ''x'', simulating the
palatalization of native Portuguese-speaking children's speech through their language acquisition: ''você'' (Second person singular), (Second person plural) > ''vuxeh'', ''vuxeix'';
* Omission or replacement of
diacritics
A diacritic (also diacritical mark, diacritical point, diacritical sign, or accent) is a glyph added to a letter or to a basic glyph. The term derives from the Ancient Greek (, "distinguishing"), from (, "to distinguish"). The word ''diacrit ...
, notably by replacing an acute accent over a vowel with the letter ''h'' after the vowel as in ''é'' ("is") > ''eh'' (to distinguish it from the word ''e'' meaning "and") or ''será'' ("will be") > ''serah''. Or replacing the
tilde with ''n''/''m'' to indicate nasalization: ''não'' ("no") > ''nawn''/''naum''
* Replacement of ''i'' by ''ee'', influenced by
English orthography
English orthography comprises the set of rules used when writing the English language, allowing readers and writers to associate written graphemes with the sounds of spoken English, as well as other features of the language. English's orthograp ...
: (female kitten, also a slang for pretty girl) > ''gateenha'';
* Replacement of ''o'' and ''e'' by ''u'' and ''i'' respectively, specially in non-tonic syllables: (I want) > ''keru''.
* Replacing the digraph ''qu'' and the letter ''c'' as ''k'' both for brevity and as a form of
sensational spelling, and deleting the ''u'' of these environments: (who), (wrote) > ''kem'', ''ixkrevew''
Tiopês
Brazilian indie and scene kids used a related Internet sociolect, the (from , which is a corruption of Portuguese , or equivalent to English "like, totally", in ), which mainly uses
ingroup meme
A meme (; ) is an idea, behavior, or style that Mimesis, spreads by means of imitation from person to person within a culture and often carries symbolic meaning representing a particular phenomenon or theme. A meme acts as a unit for carrying c ...
s as well purposeful ridiculous-sounding
misspellings to add humor or irony to the message and bring group identification, much like
teh of English-derived leetspeak.
[The origin of "tiopês" – memepedia – youPIX, people + pixels]
As it is common for the , there are detractors of , although much less numbered and for different reasons (usually, people which are detractors at the same time of different youth subcultures deemed alienated, including 'emo' teenagers,
scene kids and
indie kids). is also much less common in the Portuguese-speaking Internet community, and is said to be a phenomenon limited to Brazil.
Example
;
:
;Rough colloquial Portuguese translation of the piece:
:
; English, literal translation of the Portuguese piece:
: You guys, I
ave to tell that Iabsolutely love/adore
Uncyclopedia, hahahaha, their
ortuguesearticle on us indie kids is awesome, but I have something to say
o you not every parody site is cool, some of them promote controversial things such as
number ofprejudices, and I am reticent of
llthis kind of thing, a good example would be a so-called
Encyclopedia Dramatica that in spite of its name, would not be worth of a drama because of its end.
See also
*
SMS language
*
Cyberculture
*
Internet meme
An Internet meme, or meme (, Help:Pronunciation respelling key, ''MEEM''), is a cultural item (such as an idea, behavior, or style) that spreads across the Internet, primarily through Social media, social media platforms. Internet memes manif ...
References
''(in Brazilian Portuguese)''
*
*
"O jeito certo de falar errado na internet", ''The right way to misspell on the internet'' - O Estado de S. Paulo, 21/4/2008
{{DEFAULTSORT:Miguxes
Internet slang
Computer-mediated communication
Internet memes
Cant languages