Melgaço is a

municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having municipal corporation, corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality' ...

in the state of

Pará Pará () is a Federative units of Brazil, state of Brazil, located in northern Brazil and traversed by the lower Amazon River. It borders the Brazilian states of Amapá, Maranhão, Tocantins (state), Tocantins, Mato Grosso, Amazonas (Brazilian st ...

in the North Region of

Brazil Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, fifth-largest country by area and the List of countries and dependencies by population ...

. With an area of , of which is urban, it is located 173 km from

Belém Belém (; Portuguese for Bethlehem; initially called Nossa Senhora de Belém do Grão-Pará, in English Our Lady of Bethlehem of Great Pará), often called Belém of Pará, is the capital and largest city of the state of Pará in the north of B ...

, the state capital, and 1,503 km from

Brasília Brasília ( ; ) is the capital city, capital of Brazil and Federal District (Brazil), Federal District. Located in the Brazilian highlands in the country's Central-West Region, Brazil, Central-West region, it was founded by President Juscelino ...

, the federal capital. Its population in the 2022 demographic census was 27,881 inhabitants, according to the

Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics The Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (; IBGE) is the agency responsible for official collection of statistical, geographic, cartographic, geodetic and environmental information in Brazil. IBGE performs a decennial national cen ...

(IBGE), ranking as the 77th most populous municipality in the state of Pará. Melgaço ranked lowest among all Brazilian municipalities in the

Human Development Index The Human Development Index (HDI) is a statistical composite index of life expectancy, Education Index, education (mean years of schooling completed and expected years of schooling upon entering the education system), and per capita income i ...

(HDI-M) published by the

United Nations Development Programme The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) is a United Nations agency tasked with helping countries eliminate poverty and achieve sustainable economic growth and human development. The UNDP emphasizes on developing local capacity towar ...

(UNDP) in 2010.

Geography

The territory of Melgaço covers , of which constitutes the urban area. It sits at an average altitude of 12 meters above

sea level Mean sea level (MSL, often shortened to sea level) is an mean, average surface level of one or more among Earth's coastal Body of water, bodies of water from which heights such as elevation may be measured. The global MSL is a type of vertical ...

. Melgaço borders these municipalities: Portel, Breves, Bagre, Gurupá, and Porto de Moz. The city is located 173 km from the state capital

, and 1,503 km from the federal capital

. Under the territorial division established in 2017 by the

(IBGE), the municipality belongs to the immediate geographical region of Breves, within the intermediate region of Breves. RELATORIO_DTB_BRASIL_2024_MUNICIPIOS.ods within zip file. Previously, under the

microregion Microregion is a designation for territorial entities. Austria Brazil Klaus Roth and Ulf Brunnbauer A microregion is a geographic region of a size between that of a community and that of a district.p. 18, "What's in a Region? Southeast Europ ...

and mesoregion divisions, it was part of the microregion of Portel in the mesoregion of Marajó.

Demographics

In the 2022 census, the municipality had a population of 27,881 inhabitants and ranked only 77th in the state that year (out of 144 municipalities), with 52.25% male and 47.75% female, resulting in a sex ratio of 109.43 (10,943 men for every 10,000 women), compared to 24,808 inhabitants in the 2010 census (22.18% living in the urban area), when it held the 88th state position. Between the 2010 and 2022 censuses, the population of Melgaço registered a growth of just over 12.4%, with an annual geometric growth rate of 0.98%. Regarding

age group A demographic profile is a form of demographic analysis in which information is gathered about a group to better understand the group's composition or behaviors for the purpose of providing more relevant services. In business, a demographic pro ...

in the 2022 census, 57.89% of the inhabitants were between 15 and 64 years old, 38.54% were under fifteen, and 3.55% were 65 or older. The

population density Population density (in agriculture: Standing stock (disambiguation), standing stock or plant density) is a measurement of population per unit land area. It is mostly applied to humans, but sometimes to other living organisms too. It is a key geog ...

in 2022 was 4.12 inhabitants per square kilometer, with an average of 4.85 inhabitants per household. The municipality's

(HDI-M) is registered as the lowest-ranked in Brazil, according to data from the

. According to the 2010 report published in 2013, its value was 0.418, ranking 144th in the state and 5,565th nationally (out of 5,565 municipalities), and the

Gini coefficient In economics, the Gini coefficient ( ), also known as the Gini index or Gini ratio, is a measure of statistical dispersion intended to represent the income distribution, income inequality, the wealth distribution, wealth inequality, or the ...

rose from 0.33 in 2003 to 0.55 in 2010. Considering only the longevity index, its value is 0.776, the income index is 0.454, and the education index is 0.207. According to BBC News Brasil, in Melgaço, the school dropout rate among children aged six to fourteen in primary education is 14.6%, while in secondary education it reaches 21.2%. Additionally, 20% of residents aged fifteen or older are illiterate, and the average length of schooling among the population is five years.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Melgaco, Para Municipalities in Pará

Geography

Demographics

See also

References