Mele Perîşan (born Mohammad Abulqasim, 1356–1431, ) was a

Kurdish Kurdish may refer to: *Kurds or Kurdish people *Kurdish language ** Northern Kurdish (Kurmanji) **Central Kurdish (Sorani) **Southern Kurdish ** Laki Kurdish *Kurdish alphabets *Kurdistan, the land of the Kurdish people which includes: **Southern ...

poet who wrote in

. His main work ''Parishan-nama'' is considered to be the oldest work in Gorani, and manuscripts of his poetry are kept in different libraries around the world including in libraries of

Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) and also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Iraq to the west, Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Armenia to the northwest, the Caspian Sea to the north, Turkmenistan to the nort ...

and Germany.

Biography

Very little is known about the life of Mele Perîşan, but it is plausible that he was born in

Dinavar Dinavar (also spelled Dinawar and Daynavar; ) was a major town between the 7th and 10th centuries, located to the northeast of Kermanshah in western Iran. The ruins of the town is now located near Shir Khan, in Dinavar District, Sahneh County, ...

and of the Ghiasvand tribe. He was

Shia Shia Islam is the second-largest branch of Islam. It holds that Muhammad designated Ali ibn Abi Talib () as both his political successor (caliph) and as the spiritual leader of the Muslim community (imam). However, his right is understood ...

, Hurufist, spoke

Arabic Arabic (, , or , ) is a Central Semitic languages, Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic languages, Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) assigns lang ...

Persian Persian may refer to: * People and things from Iran, historically called ''Persia'' in the English language ** Persians, the majority ethnic group in Iran, not to be conflated with the Iranic peoples ** Persian language, an Iranian language of the ...

and Turkish beside Kurdish, and spent most of his life in the Dinavar area. He was passionate about his religion in his poetry and was moreover an admirer of

Rabia of Basra Rābia al-Adawiyya al-Qaysiyya (; 801 CE) or Rabia Basri was a Saints in Islam, poet, one of the earliest Sufi mystics and an influential religious figure from Iraq. She is regarded as one of the three preeminent Qalandar (title), Qalanda ...

and her position on

halal ''Halal'' (; ) is an Arabic word that translates to in English. Although the term ''halal'' is often associated with Islamic dietary laws, particularly meat that is slaughtered according to Islamic guidelines, it also governs ethical practices ...

. While ''Parishan-nama'' is his main work, he also wrote popular

drinking songs A drinking song is a song that is sung before or during alcohol consumption. Most drinking songs are folk songs or commercium songs, and may be varied from person to person and region to region, in both the lyrics and in the music. In German ...

in Kurdish which have become popular among Kurds and Iranians.

Parishan-nama

The diwan ''Parishan-nama'' was written in Gorani with many Laki words, and contained Hurufist propaganda. It is the only known Hurifist text in Kurdish. It was first printed in

Kermanshah Kermanshah is a city in the Central District (Kermanshah County), Central District of Kermanshah province, Kermanshah province, Iran, serving as capital of the province, the county, and the district. The city is from Tehran in the western pa ...

in 1916 and subsequently printed several times in different places. It had a

syllabic A syllable is a basic unit of organization within a sequence of speech sounds, such as within a word, typically defined by linguists as a ''nucleus'' (most often a vowel) with optional sounds before or after that nucleus (''margins'', which are ...

Biography

Parishan-nama

Literature

References

Notes

Citations

Further reading