Medardo R. Farías (2 June 1898 – 1 April 1960) was a Uruguayan Army general and pioneer of Uruguayan aviation. In 1950 he was one of the drafters of the project that sought to create an independent

Air Force An air force in the broadest sense is the national military branch that primarily conducts aerial warfare. More specifically, it is the branch of a nation's armed services that is responsible for aerial warfare as distinct from an army aviati ...

Uruguay Uruguay, officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay, is a country in South America. It shares borders with Argentina to its west and southwest and Brazil to its north and northeast, while bordering the Río de la Plata to the south and the A ...

, following the example of many other countries in the world that had confirmed the strategic importance of an independent military aviation, based on the lessons learned during the course of

World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

. After the realization of the project in 1953, he became the first General Inspector of the independent ''Fuerza Aérea Militar'' (Military Air Force), whose position today is equivalent to Commander-in-Chief of the

Uruguayan Air Force The Uruguayan Air Force (, abbreviated FAU) is the air service branch of the Armed Forces of Uruguay. Originally created as part of the National Army of Uruguay, the Air Force was established as a separate branch on December 4, 1953. It is the ...

Early life

Farías was born on 25 June 1898, in Florida, capital city of the homonymous department in

. When he was 17 years old, he joined the Uruguayan Army via the Military School of Uruguay, graduating as ensign of the Artillery Weapon in January 1919. Given his interest in aviation, however, in 1921 he entered the ''Escuela Militar de Aviación'' ( Military School of Aviation), becoming part of the second course of pilots that was given by the school in the country. He received his military wings in 1923.

Military career

Shortly after 1926, due to changes of assignment within the Uruguayan Army, Farías had to return to the Artillery Arm. In the meantime, away from the military aviation, he purchased a Curtiss JN and a Potez 36 with then Lieutenant Oscar Diego Gestido, who would become the 32nd Constitutional President of Uruguay in 1967, and the photographer Juan C. Gambarini.

Return to aviation

In 1932 Farías was finally able to rejoin the Military Aviation School, as an instructor and squadron pilot. During 1935, when he was holding the rank of major, he became part of the ''Aeronáutica Militar'' (Military Aeronautics), a first true military aviation organization of the Uruguayan Army. When he was there, Farías was appointed as Uruguayan Air Attaché to the Kingdom of Italy in 1937, where he had the opportunity to study with the ''

Regia Aeronautica The Royal Italian Air Force (''Regia Aeronautica Italiana'') (RAI) was the air force of the Kingdom of Italy. It was established as a service independent of the Regio Esercito, Royal Italian Army from 1923 until 1946. In 1946, the monarchy was ...

'' and become the first Uruguayan pilot to visit

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. This also included a visit to the front lines during the

Second Italo-Ethiopian War The Second Italo-Ethiopian War, also referred to as the Second Italo-Abyssinian War, was a war of aggression waged by Fascist Italy, Italy against Ethiopian Empire, Ethiopia, which lasted from October 1935 to February 1937. In Ethiopia it is oft ...

. After his return to Uruguay in 1938, he became Chief of Aeronautical Base No. 1 in Carrasco and then became Director of the ''Escuela Militar de Aeronáutica'' (Military School of Aeronautics). He also proposed, and achieved, making August 10 the day dedicated in Uruguay to those who had fallen during service in the Uruguayan military aviation.

Creation of the Uruguayan Air Force

With the rank of

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between 1945 and 1950, he drafted and handed to his superiority a project to create an independent Air Force that was initially known as the ''Fuerza Aérea Nacional'' (National Air Force), name that was later changed to ''Fuerza Aérea Militar'' (Military Air Force). This project followed the example of many others countries of the world that had already chosen that path. His work as part of the project was carried out prior to his appointment as General Director of the ''Aeronáutica Militar'' in 1952, after he reached the rank of general. Finally, with the approval of Law 12,070 on 27 November 1953, by the

General Assembly of Uruguay The General Assembly of Uruguay () is the bicameral legislature of the government of Uruguay, and consists of two chambers: the Chamber of Senators and the Chamber of Representatives. General Assembly has 130 voting members: 99 representative ...

, on 4 December 1953, the Fuerza Aérea Militar was created as an independent service of the Uruguayan Armed Forces. General Farías was then designated by the

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of the

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No. 23,117 of 16 December 1953 to become its first inspector general, which in turn was established as part of the Order No.1 of the General Inspection of the Air Force, dated December 19, 1953, when his appointment finally took place.

Retirement from the Air Force

The Air Force was under his command until 1 March 1955, when he was succeeded by General Hernán S. Barú, whose links with Uruguayan aviation goes back to 1923. Immediately after his retirement from the Air Force, Farías then went on to serve in the

Ministry of National Defense A ministry of defence or defense (see spelling differences), also known as a department of defence or defense, is the part of a government responsible for matters of defence and military forces, found in states where the government is divide ...

until March 14, 1957, when he went into full retirement by law, after 38 years of service. He died on 1 April 1960, at the age of 61.

Namesakes

In his honour, the promotion of the ''Escuela Militar de Aeronáutica'' of 1962 was named "Gral. Medardo R. Farías". The "Salón de Conferencias "Gral. Medardo R. Farías"" conference room in the General Command of the Uruguayan Air Force is also named in his honor, where the promotion ceremonies of new Senior and General Officers of the Uruguayan Air Force normally take place.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Farías, Medardo R. 1898 births 1960 deaths Uruguayan aviators Uruguayan generals Uruguayan Air Force generals Uruguayan Air Force personnel People from Florida, Uruguay