Maximilian Mörlin
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Maximilian Mörlin ( 14 October 1516,
Wittenberg Wittenberg, officially Lutherstadt Wittenberg, is the fourth-largest town in the state of Saxony-Anhalt, in the Germany, Federal Republic of Germany. It is situated on the River Elbe, north of Leipzig and south-west of the reunified German ...
,
Electorate of Saxony The Electorate of Saxony, also known as Electoral Saxony ( or ), was a territory of the Holy Roman Empire from 1356 to 1806 initially centred on Wittenberg that came to include areas around the cities of Dresden, Leipzig and Chemnitz. It was a ...
— 20 April 1584,
Coburg Coburg ( , ) is a Town#Germany, town located on the Itz (river), Itz river in the Upper Franconia region of Bavaria, Germany. Long part of one of the Thuringian states of the Ernestine duchies, Wettin line, it joined Bavaria by popular vote only ...
, Duchy of Saxe-Coburg-Eisenach ) was a
Lutheran Lutheranism is a major branch of Protestantism that emerged under the work of Martin Luther, the 16th-century German friar and Protestant Reformers, reformer whose efforts to reform the theology and practices of the Catholic Church launched ...
theologian, court preacher, Superintendent in Coburg, and Reformer.


Life

Maximilian grew up with his older brother,
Joachim Mörlin Joachim Mörlin (5 April 1514, in Wittenberg, Electorate of Saxony – 29 May 1571, in Königsberg, Duchy of Prussia (now Kaliningrad in Russia) - 1945) was an Evangelical Lutheran theologian and an important figure in the controversies following ...
, as the sons of Jodok Mörlin ( Jodocus Morlinus, ca. 1490 – 1550 ), the Professor of
Philosophy Philosophy ('love of wisdom' in Ancient Greek) is a systematic study of general and fundamental questions concerning topics like existence, reason, knowledge, Value (ethics and social sciences), value, mind, and language. It is a rational an ...
at the
University of Wittenberg Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (), also referred to as MLU, is a public research university in the cities of Halle and Wittenberg. It is the largest and oldest university in the German state of Saxony-Anhalt. MLU offers German and i ...
. After a harsh upbringing, when he learned the trade of a tailor, he switched to the profession of a scholar. Like his brother, he studied at Wittenberg in 1533 and came under the influence of
Martin Luther Martin Luther ( ; ; 10 November 1483 – 18 February 1546) was a German priest, Theology, theologian, author, hymnwriter, professor, and former Order of Saint Augustine, Augustinian friar. Luther was the seminal figure of the Reformation, Pr ...
and especially
Philipp Melanchthon Philip Melanchthon (born Philipp Schwartzerdt; 16 February 1497 – 19 April 1560) was a German Lutheran reformer, collaborator with Martin Luther, the first systematic theologian of the Protestant Reformation, an intellectual leader of the ...
. From 1539, he was the pastor in Pegau and
Zeitz Zeitz (; , ) is a town in the Burgenlandkreis district, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is situated on the river White Elster, in the triangle of the federal states Saxony-Anhalt, Thuringia, and Saxony. History First a Slavic pagan settlem ...
and, after 1543, in Schalkau. On the recommendation of his teacher, he came to Coburg in 1544 as a court preacher ( ''Hofprediger'' ) and visited the city’s churches and schools on the behalf of the Duke of
Saxony Saxony, officially the Free State of Saxony, is a landlocked state of Germany, bordering the states of Brandenburg, Saxony-Anhalt, Thuringia, and Bavaria, as well as the countries of Poland and the Czech Republic. Its capital is Dresden, and ...
. After Maximilian graduated in 1546 under Caspar Cruciger the Elder at Wittenberg to the rank of
Doctor Doctor, Doctors, The Doctor or The Doctors may refer to: Titles and occupations * Physician, a medical practitioner * Doctor (title), an academic title for the holder of a doctoral-level degree ** Doctorate ** List of doctoral degrees awarded b ...
, he was appointed as a Superintendent. In the theological debates of the times, he was at first on the side of
Matthias Flacius Matthias Flacius Illyricus (Latin; ) or Francovich () (3 March 1520 – 11 March 1575) was a Lutheran reformer from Istria, present-day Croatia. He was notable as a theologian, sometimes dissenting strongly with his fellow Lutherans, and as a sch ...
. He pursued the condemnation of Justus Menius, participated in the Colloquy of Worms in 1557 and wrote with and Johann Stössel the ''Weimarer Konfutationsbuch'' the Weimarer Book of Refutations which was mandatory for the Lutheran churches throughout
Thuringia Thuringia (; officially the Free State of Thuringia, ) is one of Germany, Germany's 16 States of Germany, states. With 2.1 million people, it is 12th-largest by population, and with 16,171 square kilometers, it is 11th-largest in area. Er ...
. The Duke of Saxony, John Frederick the Middle, also took him to
Heidelberg Heidelberg (; ; ) is the List of cities in Baden-Württemberg by population, fifth-largest city in the States of Germany, German state of Baden-Württemberg, and with a population of about 163,000, of which roughly a quarter consists of studen ...
to prevent his father-in-law, Frederick III the Pious, the Elector Palatinate of the Rhine, from going over to the
Reformed Reform is beneficial change. Reform, reformed or reforming may also refer to: Media * ''Reform'' (album), a 2011 album by Jane Zhang * Reform (band), a Swedish jazz fusion group * ''Reform'' (magazine), a Christian magazine Places * Reform, Al ...
side. The ''Heidelberger Abendmahlsgespräch'' Heidelberger Discussion of the Lord’s Supper ">Lord’s_Supper.html" ;"title="Heidelberger Discussion of the Lord’s Supper">Heidelberger Discussion of the Lord’s Supper with which Mörlin was involved on 3 and 4 July 1560, remained unsuccessful. However, from the side of the Radicals, Flacius struck, distancing Mörlin from the Philippists. He fought against Andreas Osiander and helped in 1556 to enforce the Reformation to the Margraviate of Baden, Margraviate of Baden-Durlach on the behalf of its ruler, Charles II, Margrave of Baden-Durlach, Charles II. As the Spiritual Assessor for the Consistory of Weimar, he pleaded in 1561 for peace with the terms of the mediating theologian Melanchthon. In
Jena Jena (; ) is a List of cities and towns in Germany, city in Germany and the second largest city in Thuringia. Together with the nearby cities of Erfurt and Weimar, it forms the central metropolitan area of Thuringia with approximately 500,000 in ...
, he served in 1564 as the Pro-Chancellor and Vice-Dean in the first program for theological doctorates and upgraded Stössel’s academic degree from '' Magister'' to Doctor. The next Duke of Saxony, John William, himself the supporter of Flacius, expelled Mörlin from the Duchy in 1569. A year later, Mörlin was appointed to
Dillenburg Dillenburg, officially Oranienstadt Dillenburg, is a town in Hesse's Gießen region in Germany. The town was formerly the seat of the old Dillkreis district, which is now part of the Lahn-Dill-Kreis. The town lies on the German- Dutch holiday roa ...
and later
Siegen Siegen () is a List of cities and towns in Germany, city in Germany, in the south Westphalian part of North Rhine-Westphalia. It is located in the district of Siegen-Wittgenstein in the Arnsberg (region), Arnsberg region. The university town (n ...
, where he represented his side against the Reformed tendencies of the ruler, the Count of Nassau-Dillenburg, John VI, but without success. In 1573, he returned from Siegen to Coburg, where he was restored to his old offices. He dismissed the Gnesio-Lutherans and used his influence to add to the ''Formula Concordiae'' Formula of Concord ">Formula_of_Concord.html" ;"title="Formula of Concord">Formula of Concord and to contend with its effects. Mörlin gained importance as a preacher and the representative of church administrators. In 1581, he married for the second time. He was survived by twelve sons.


Literature

* John McClintock and James Strong, “Mörlin, Maximilian”, in : ''Cyclopædia of Biblical, Theological, and Ecclesiastical Literature, Volume VI. – ME – NEV.'' ( New York City : Harper & Brothers, 1894 ), page
617
and 618 * Samuel Macauley Jackson, editor, “Moerlin, Maximilian”, in : ''The New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, Volume VII : Liutfrand – Moralities'' ( New York City and London : Funk and Wagnalls Company, 1910 ), pag
434
* :de:Julius August Wagenmann">Julius August Wagenmann,
Mörlin, Maximilian
, in : ''Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie'' ( ADB ) [ ''General German Biography'' ], ''Band 22'' [ ''Volume 22'' ] ( Leipzig : Duncker & Humblot, 1885 ), page 325. * Friedrich [ Eduard ] Lezius ( as Karl Färber ) : “Mörlin, Maximilian”, in : ''Realencyklopädie für protestantische Theologie und Kirche'' ( RE ) ''Real Encyclopedia of Protestant Theology and Church'' ''3. Auflage, Dreizehtner Band : Methodismus in Amerika bis Neuplatonismus'' ''3rd Edition, Thirteenth Volume : Methodism in America to Neo-Platonism'' ( Leipzig : J. C. Hinrichs, 1903 ), page
247
– 249. * Wolfgang Hamm, editor, ''Wittenberger Gelehrtenstammbuch'' ''Pedigrees of the Wittenberger Scholars'' produced by the ''Deutsches Historisches Museum'' Museum of German History of Berlin in cooperation with the Mitteldeutschen Verlag ( Halle : Mitteldeutschen Verlag, 1999 ), , page 327 * August Beck, ''Johann Friedrich der Mittlere von Sachsen'' ''John Friedrich the Middle of Saxony'' Volume
1
an
2
( Weimar : Hermann Böhlau, 1858 ) * Albert Greiner, “''Das Leben und Wirken des Doktors der Theologie Maximilian Mörlin ( Superintendent zu Coburg )'' ''The Life and Work of the Doctor of Theology Maxmilian Mörlin ( Superintendent of Coburg )'' , in : ''Aus der Heimat ( des Coburger Landes )'' ''From the Homeland of the Coburger Land'' 1936 {{DEFAULTSORT:Morlin, Maximilian 1516 births 1584 deaths German Lutheran theologians 16th-century German Lutheran clergy Academic staff of the University of Wittenberg University of Wittenberg alumni German male non-fiction writers