María Rosa Oliver or María Rosa Oliver Romero (10 September 1898 – 19 April 1977) was an

Argentine Argentines, Argentinians or Argentineans are people from Argentina. This connection may be residential, legal, historical, or cultural. For most Argentines, several (or all) of these connections exist and are collectively the source of their ...

short story writer, essayist, critic, translatorMaria Oliver
Princeton University, retrieved 11 December 2014 and activist. She won the

Lenin Peace Prize The International Lenin Peace Prize (, ''mezhdunarodnaya Leninskaya premiya mira)'' was a Soviet Union award named in honor of Vladimir Lenin. It was awarded by a panel appointed by the Soviet government, to notable individuals whom the panel ...

in 1957.

Life

Oliver was born in

Buenos Aires Buenos Aires, controlled by the government of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Argentina. It is located on the southwest of the Río de la Plata. Buenos Aires is classified as an Alpha− glob ...

in 1898. She was the eldest of eight children from an influential family. She was descended from María de los Remedios de Escalada and she was the great grand daughter of

José de San Martín José Francisco de San Martín y Matorras (; 25 February 177817 August 1850), nicknamed "the Liberator of Argentina, Chile and Peru", was an Argentine general and the primary leader of the southern and central parts of South America's succe ...

who had led the fight for independence from Spain. Oliver was vice-president of the Union of Argentine Women and a co-founder of Junta de la Victoria. She wrote in opposition to fascism and a defender of the Argentine state.The Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition
1979, retrieved 11 December 2014 Starting in 1942 she was one of the founding members of the Argentine magazine '' Sur'' with

Victoria Ocampo Ramona Victoria Epifanía Rufina Ocampo (7 April 1890 – 27 January 1979) was an Argentine writer and intellectual. Best known as an advocate for others and as publisher of the literary magazine '' Sur'', she was also a writer and critic in he ...

. She was employed in 1944 by

Nelson Rockefeller Nelson Aldrich "Rocky" Rockefeller (July 8, 1908 – January 26, 1979) was the 41st vice president of the United States, serving from 1974 to 1977 under President Gerald Ford. He was also the 49th governor of New York, serving from 1959 to 197 ...

who was then Secretary of State. Her mission was to improve relations between the United States and Argentina. Oliver reported to Rockefeller that America had the same problem with its public relations as Argentina had with its public relations within South America. She thought that Argentina was not well regarded because of its power - for instance it dominated the South American printing industry. She felt that the United States dealt with the world in a superior way. Rockefeller resigned in 1944 but still continued to work on relations with Argentina. She was still working with Rockefeller in 1945 and this was the same year as she ceased her involvement with ''Sur'' magazine. In 1957 Oliver was awarded the International Lenin Prize for Strengthening Peace Among Nations after serving on the World Peace Council starting in 1953.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Oliver, Maria Rosa 1898 births 1977 deaths Writers from Buenos Aires Argentine women short story writers Argentine literary critics 20th-century women writers 20th-century Argentine translators Argentine women essayists Argentine women literary critics 20th-century Argentine short story writers 20th-century Argentine essayists