Marthe Camille Bachasson, 3rd Count of Montalivet (24 April 1801, Valence – 4 January 1880, Saint-Bouize) was a French statesman and a

Peer of France The Peerage of France () was a hereditary distinction within the French nobility which appeared in 1180 during the Middle Ages. The prestigious title and position of Peer of France () was held by the greatest, highest-ranking members of the Fr ...

Biography

Second son of Jean-Pierre Bachasson, 1st count of Montalivet (1766–1823),

peer of France The Peerage of France () was a hereditary distinction within the French nobility which appeared in 1180 during the Middle Ages. The prestigious title and position of Peer of France () was held by the greatest, highest-ranking members of the Fr ...

and Minister of Emperor

Napoleon Napoleon Bonaparte (born Napoleone di Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French general and statesman who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led Military career ...

, he was born in

Valence, Drôme Valence (, ; ) is a Communes of France, commune in southeastern France, the prefecture of the Drôme Departments of France, department and within the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Regions of France, region. It is situated on the left bank of the Rhô ...

. After the death of his father and brother in 1823, he inherited the title of ''

count Count (feminine: countess) is a historical title of nobility in certain European countries, varying in relative status, generally of middling rank in the hierarchy of nobility. Pine, L. G. ''Titles: How the King Became His Majesty''. New York: ...

'' and ''peer of France'', and was one of the youngest peers to sit in the Chamber of Peers.

Minister of Louis-Philippe

He joined promptly the

July Monarchy The July Monarchy (), officially the ''Kingdom of France'' (), was a liberalism, liberal constitutional monarchy in France under , starting on 9 August 1830, after the revolutionary victory of the July Revolution of 1830, and ending 26 Februar ...

during the

July Revolution The French Revolution of 1830, also known as the July Revolution (), Second French Revolution, or ("Three Glorious ays), was a second French Revolution after French Revolution, the first of 1789–99. It led to the overthrow of King Cha ...

of 1830 and was called to the

Ministry of the Interior An interior ministry or ministry of the interior (also called ministry of home affairs or ministry of internal affairs) is a government department that is responsible for domestic policy, public security and law enforcement. In some states, the ...

in November, where his main task was to prevent any troubles during the trial of the former ministers of King

Charles X Charles X may refer to: * Charles X of France (1757–1836) * Charles X Gustav (1622–1660), King of Sweden * Charles, Cardinal de Bourbon (1523–1590), recognized as Charles X of France but renounced the royal title See also * * King Charle ...

. He was alternatively Minister of the Interior and Minister of Education in the different cabinets of the July Monarchy. In 1832, he founded the Conférence Molé, a debating society that became a training ground for future political leaders. After 1839, he became intendant of the

Civil List A civil list is a list of individuals to whom money is paid by the government, typically for service to the state or as honorary pensions. It is a term especially associated with the United Kingdom, and its former colonies and dominions. It was ori ...

, and created the

Museum A museum is an institution dedicated to displaying or Preservation (library and archive), preserving culturally or scientifically significant objects. Many museums have exhibitions of these objects on public display, and some have private colle ...

of Versailles in the walls of the

Palace of Versailles The Palace of Versailles ( ; ) is a former royal residence commissioned by King Louis XIV located in Versailles, Yvelines, Versailles, about west of Paris, in the Yvelines, Yvelines Department of Île-de-France, Île-de-France region in Franc ...

, in order to reconcile France with the

Ancien Régime ''Ancien'' may refer to * the French word for " ancient, old" ** Société des anciens textes français * the French for "former, senior" ** Virelai ancien ** Ancien Régime ** Ancien Régime in France {{disambig ...

A supporter of the July Monarchy

After the 1848 Revolution, he defended the action of the July Monarchy, and, as intimate friend of the former royal family, acted as executor of the will of King Louis-Philippe.

Rally to Republic

After the fall of the

Second French Empire The Second French Empire, officially the French Empire, was the government of France from 1852 to 1870. It was established on 2 December 1852 by Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte, president of France under the French Second Republic, who proclaimed hi ...

in 1870, he rallied the "conservative republican" ideas of his friend

Adolphe Thiers Marie Joseph Louis Adolphe Thiers ( ; ; 15 April 17973 September 1877) was a French statesman and historian who served as President of France from 1871 to 1873. He was the second elected president and the first of the Third French Republic. Thi ...

, and thus considerably eased the vote by the centre right of the constitutional laws of 1875, establishing a Republic in France. He held a seat in the

French Senate The Senate (, ) is the upper house of the French Parliament, with the lower house being the National Assembly (France), National Assembly, the two houses constituting the legislature of France. It is made up of 348 senators (''sénateurs'' and ...

from 1879 to his death.

Family

He married on 26 January 1828 Clémentine Françoise Paillard-Duclère ( Laval, 21 February 1806 - Paris, 3 March 1882), and had five daughters: * Marie Adélaïde Bachasson de Montalivet (5 November 1828 - 14 April 1880), married in Saint-Bouize on 17 August 1847 Laurent François, Marquis de Gouvion-Saint-Cyr (30 December 1815 - 30 January 1904), son of Laurent, Marquis de Gouvion-Saint-Cyr (

Toul Toul () is a Communes of France, commune in the Meurthe-et-Moselle Departments of France, department in north-eastern France. It is a Subprefectures in France, sub-prefecture of the department. Geography Toul is between Commercy and Nancy, Fra ...

, 13 May 1764 -

Hyères Hyères (), Provençal dialect, Provençal Occitan language, Occitan: ''Ieras'' in classical norm, or ''Iero'' in Mistralian norm) is a Communes of France, commune in the Var (département), Var Departments of France, department in the Provence-Al ...

, 17 March 1830) and wife Anne ''de'' Gouvion (Toul, 2 November 1775 - Paris, 18 June 1844), and had issue * Adélaïde Joséphine Bachasson de Montalivet (Paris, 16 December 1830 - Paris, 14 December 1920), married in Saint-Bouize on 6 November 1850 Antoine Achille Masson, dit ''de Montalivet'' (

Meurthe-et-Moselle Meurthe-et-Moselle () is a '' département'' in the Grand Est region of France, named after the rivers Meurthe and Moselle. Its prefecture and largest city is Nancy and it borders the departments of Meuse to the west, Vosges to the south, ...

, Nancy, 27 June 1815 - Villedieu, 31 October 1882), son of Georges Masson,

vice mayor The deputy mayor (also known as vice mayor and assistant mayor) is an elective or appointive office of the second-ranking official that is present in many local governments. Duties and functions Many elected deputy mayors are members of the loca ...

of Nancy in 1814, and wife Claire Felaize, and had issue * Camille Bachasson de Montalivet (1 September 1832 -

Menton Menton (; in classical norm or in Mistralian norm, , ; ; or depending on the orthography) is a Commune in France, commune in the Alpes-Maritimes department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region on the French Riviera, close to the Italia ...

, 4 February 1887), married on 28 November 1849 Théodore du Moncel (1821–1884) and had female issue * Marie Amélie Bachasson de Montalivet (10 January 1837 - 15 March 1899), married in Paris on 16 May 1861 François Gustave Adolphe Guyot de Villeneuve (25 October 1825 - Paris, 22 March 1899), son of François-Pierre Guyot de Villeneuve and wife Joséphine Victoire Pelon, and had issue * Marie Adélaïde Marthe Bachasson de Montalivet (Paris, 9 October 1844 - Paris, 2 August 1914), married in Saint-Bouize on 19 June 1865 Georges Marie René Picot (Paris, 24 December 1838 - Allevard, Isère, 16 August 1909), son of Charles Picot (

Orléans Orléans (,"Orleans"
(US) and Valéry Giscard d'Estaing Valéry René Marie Georges Giscard d'Estaing (, ; ; 2 February 19262 December 2020), also known as simply Giscard or VGE, was a French politician who served as President of France from 1974 to 1981. After serving as Ministry of the Economy ...

Trivia

*There is a ''Camille de Montalivet Lane'' in Valence, Drôme. *The

rose A rose is either a woody perennial plant, perennial flowering plant of the genus ''Rosa'' (), in the family Rosaceae (), or the flower it bears. There are over three hundred Rose species, species and Garden roses, tens of thousands of cultivar ...

"''Comte de Montalivet''" was also named after him. This rose, of the Hybrid Perpetual class, was created in 1846 from the seeds of William Jesse, and its colours marry red and purple.

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Montalivet, Marthe Camille Bachasson, Count of 1801 births 1880 deaths People from Valence, Drôme Counts of Montalivet Politicians from Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes French interior ministers Members of the Chamber of Peers of the Bourbon Restoration Members of the Chamber of Peers of the July Monarchy French life senators Museum founders École Polytechnique alumni 19th-century French philanthropists French women philanthropists