The Marshal of the Senate of the Republic of Poland () is the presiding officer of the
Senate of Poland
The Senate () is the upper house of the Parliament of Poland, Polish parliament, the lower house being the Sejm of the Republic of Poland, Sejm. The history of the Polish Senate stretches back over 500 years; it was one of the first constituent ...
. The marshal is also third person according to the
Polish order of precedence, after
President of the Republic of Poland
The president of Poland ( ), officially the president of the Republic of Poland (), is the head of state of Poland. His or her prerogatives and duties are determined in the Constitution of Poland. The president jointly exercises the executiv ...
and
Sejm Marshal
The Marshal of the Sejm (, ) is the speaker (chair) of the Sejm, the lower house of the Polish Parliament. The office traces its origins to the 15th century. In modern Poland, the full title is Marshal of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland (). ...
, and second in line to become
Acting President of the Republic of Poland
Acting is an activity in which a story is told by means of its Enactment (psychology), enactment by an actor who adopts a Character (arts), character—in theatre, television, film, radio, or any other medium that makes use of the Mimesis, mi ...
(after Sejm Marshal; in period 1935-1939 Senate Marshal was the first). Because of both precedence order and succession order, the marshal is commonly referred to as the "third person in state". The person who functions as their second-in-command is the
Deputy Marshal of the Senate of the Republic of Poland
Deputy Marshal of the Senate of the Republic of Poland () is one of the Polish Senators in the upper house of the Polish parliament who serves as the deputy of the Senate Marshal (speaker). There could be a maximum of four Deputy Marshals.
Dep ...
.
Role
Marshal:
* Represent Senate
* Preside over Senate sessions
* Preside over Senate Presidium and caucus of heads of Senatorial caucuses (''Konwent Seniorów'') meetings
* Performing some representative roles on the state level
* Becoming Acting President when Sejm Marshal cannot do so
* Is in charge on peacekeeping in the Senate
History
Marshals of the Senate existed as early as the
Duchy of Warsaw
The Duchy of Warsaw (; ; ), also known as the Grand Duchy of Warsaw and Napoleonic Poland, was a First French Empire, French client state established by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1807, during the Napoleonic Wars. It initially comprised the ethnical ...
(19th century). In the
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, also referred to as Poland–Lithuania or the First Polish Republic (), was a federation, federative real union between the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania ...
, the role was performed by the
Grand Crown Marshals.
List of officeholders
Second Polish Republic (1922–1939)
Source:
Republic of Poland (since 1989)
Source:
See also
*
Marshal of the Sejm
The Marshal of the Sejm (, ) is the speaker (chair) of the Sejm, the lower house of the Polish Parliament. The office traces its origins to the 15th century. In modern Poland, the full title is Marshal of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland (). ...
Notes
References
{{Senat Marshals
Senate of Poland
Poland, Senate