Marie Louise of France (28 July 1728 – 19 February 1733) was a French princess, a ''

fille de France ''Fils de France'' (, ''Son of France'') was the style and rank held by the sons of the kings and dauphins of France. A daughter was known as a fille de France (, ''Daughter of France''). The children of the dauphin (a title reserved for the ...

''. She was the daughter of King

Louis XV Louis XV (15 February 1710 – 10 May 1774), known as Louis the Beloved (), was King of France from 1 September 1715 until his death in 1774. He succeeded his great-grandfather Louis XIV at the age of five. Until he reached maturity (then defi ...

and Queen

Marie Leszczyńska Maria Karolina Zofia Felicja Leszczyńska (; 23 June 1703 – 24 June 1768), also known as Marie Leczinska (), was Queen of France as the wife of King Louis XV from their marriage on 4 September 1725 until her death in 1768. The daughter of St ...

Biography

Born at the

Palace of Versailles The Palace of Versailles ( ; ) is a former royal residence commissioned by King Louis XIV located in Versailles, Yvelines, Versailles, about west of Paris, in the Yvelines, Yvelines Department of Île-de-France, Île-de-France region in Franc ...

, the third child of

Louis XV of France Louis XV (15 February 1710 – 10 May 1774), known as Louis the Beloved (), was King of France from 1 September 1715 until his death in 1774. He succeeded his great-grandfather Louis XIV at the age of five. Until he reached maturity (then defi ...

and his queen,

, she was known as ''Madame Troisième'' until her

baptism Baptism (from ) is a Christians, Christian sacrament of initiation almost invariably with the use of water. It may be performed by aspersion, sprinkling or affusion, pouring water on the head, or by immersion baptism, immersing in water eit ...

a few weeks before her death. Her birth was not greeted with much enthusiasm due to her gender; her father had been hoping for a son to call his Dauphin and thus have an heir to the throne. When it was clear that a girl was born, the anticipated celebrations for the expected Dauphin were cancelled and Madame Troisième only had a mass sung in the Chapel of Versailles in her honour. She grew up at Versailles with her older twin sisters Madame Première and Madame Seconde. The following year, 1729, the three children were joined by the Dauphin of France

Louis Louis may refer to: People * Louis (given name), origin and several individuals with this name * Louis (surname) * Louis (singer), Serbian singer Other uses * Louis (coin), a French coin * HMS ''Louis'', two ships of the Royal Navy See also ...

. The royal family were again joined by another son in 1730,

Philippe, Duke of Anjou Philippe Louis of France, Duke of Anjou (Philippe Louis; 30 August 1730 – 7 April 1733) was a French prince and the second son of King Louis XV of France and his popular Queen Marie Leszczyńska. He was styled duke of Anjou from birth. Biogr ...

. In the winter of 1733, Madame Troisième caught a

cold Cold is the presence of low temperature, especially in the atmosphere. In common usage, cold is often a subjectivity, subjective perception. A lower bound to temperature is absolute zero, defined as 0.00K on the Kelvin scale, an absolute t ...

; an epidemic occurred at Versailles at the same time. The child was put in the care of the Gascon doctor Monsieur Bouillac; the doctor administered

emetic Vomiting (also known as emesis, puking and throwing up) is the forceful expulsion of the contents of one's stomach through the mouth and sometimes the nose. Vomiting can be the result of ailments like food poisoning, gastroenteritis, preg ...

s and had the child

bled Bled (; ,''Leksikon občin kraljestev in dežel zastopanih v državnem zboru,'' vol. 6: ''Kranjsko''. 1906. Vienna: C. Kr. Dvorna in Državna Tiskarna, p. 146. in older sources also ''Feldes'') is a town on Lake Bled in the Upper Carniolan regio ...

. Madame Troisième was quickly baptised at Versailles and given the names of her parents ''Marie'' and the feminine form of Louis, "Louise". She died at Versailles, exhausted. Barrister Barbier noted in his memoirs that both her parents Louis XV and Marie Leszczyńska were "devastated" over her death as she was the first of their children to die. She was buried at the Royal

Basilica of Saint-Denis The Basilica of Saint-Denis (, now formally known as the ) is a large former medieval abbey church and present cathedral in the commune of Saint-Denis, a northern suburb of Paris. The building is of singular importance historically and archite ...

. Her portrait was painted by

Pierre Gobert Pierre Gobert (; 1662 – 13 February 1744) was a French painter. He was born in Fontainebleau, the son of the sculptor Jean II Gobert. Gobert entered the Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture on 31 December 1701 as a portraitist. During the ...

around 1730. In 1734 a posthumous portrait was painted by

Charles-Joseph Natoire Charles-Joseph Natoire (3 March 1700 – 23 August 1777) was a French painter in the Rococo manner, a pupil of François Lemoyne and director of the French Academy in Rome, 1751–1775. Considered during his lifetime the equal of François Bou ...

who represented her with her sister, the future

Madame Adélaïde Madame may refer to: * Madam, civility title or form of address for women, derived from the French * Madam (prostitution), a term for a woman who is engaged in the business of procuring prostitutes, usually the manager of a brothel * ''Madame'' ( ...

. She has been called Louise over time.

Ancestry

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Louise 1728 births 1733 deaths 18th-century French people 18th-century French women Royalty from Versailles French people of Polish descent Princesses of France (Bourbon) Burials at the Basilica of Saint-Denis Children of Louis XV French royalty who died as children Daughters of kings