Maní is a small

city A city is a human settlement of a substantial size. The term "city" has different meanings around the world and in some places the settlement can be very small. Even where the term is limited to larger settlements, there is no universally agree ...

in Maní Municipality in the central region of the Yucatán Peninsula, in the Mexican state of Yucatán. It is about 100 km to the south south-east of Mérida, Yucatán, some 16 km east of Ticul. The village of Tipikal lies 6 km to the east.Lougheed. The population is around 4000.

History

Maní's four millennium existence historically involves mostly its early Maya period, followed in recent centuries by its Spanish conquistador and religious period. Its Mexican period beginning over a century ago involved conflict.

Early history

Maní has been continuously occupied for approximately 4000 years. In the postclassic

Mesoamerica Mesoamerica is a historical region and cultural area that begins in the southern part of North America and extends to the Pacific coast of Central America, thus comprising the lands of central and southern Mexico, all of Belize, Guatemala, El S ...

n era it was home to the Tutul-Xiu Maya dynasty, which moved their capital here from Uxmal in the 13th century. The Xiu were the dominant power in the western Yucatán after the fall of Mayapan in 1441. Maní served as the main religious center in honor of the deity Kukulcan (Cukulcan, Topiltzin Quetzalcoatl) for the Maya with an annual ''chic kaban'' festival until 1341. With the arrival of the Spanish the Xiu of Maní allied themselves with the Spanish and assisted in the conquest of the rest of the peninsula.Clendinnen, ''Cost'', p. 98.

Maya book burning

On 12 July 1562,Nimoy, ''In Search Of...'' Friar Diego de Landa, who held the office of inquisitor before the Monastery of San Miguel Arcángel, held an auto de fe Inquisitional ceremony in Maní, burning a number of Maya hieroglyphic books and a reported 5000 idols, saying that they were "works of the devil". The number of books burned is disputed. Landa claimed only burning 27. This act and numerous incidents of torture at the monastery were used to speed the mass adoption of Roman Catholicism throughout the region. Landa's burning of these sacred books with Mayan writing and the subsequent reaction were described by him as follows:

Guerra de Castas

Maní was involved in part of the multi-decade conflict in the ''Guerra de Castas'', the Caste War of the Yucatán. An engraved stone narrates an episode of the event for Maní in 1850.

Population

Photo gallery

File:1557 Map Yucatan Mani.jpg, 1557 map of a portion of Yucatan centered on the town of Mani. Uxmal is marked by a stylized Maya temple. File:Maní, Yucatan 1890 Teoberto Maler.jpg, Maní, Yucatán, in 1890 File:Presidencia Municipal de Maní.jpg, Municipal Palace of Maní, in 2016 File:2002.12.30_31_House_Maní_Yucatan_Mexico.jpg, House in the Main Square File:Mani_Yucatan_Street_2002.12.30_22.jpg, A street File:Mani_Yucatan_church_2002.12.30_25.jpg, An arch at the Church File:Mani_Yucatan_church_2002.12.30_28.jpg, An Inscription at the Church File:San_Miguel_Arcangel_Mani 2.JPG, San Miguel Arcangel, Mani File:The sad history - buring of Maya books in Mani, Yucatan.jpg, Sign about the burning of Mayan codices in Maní

Notes

Citations

References

English * Bancroft, Hubert Howe (1883), ''The Native Races of the Pacific States'', ''Vol. II: Civilized Nations'', Bancroft & Co., San Francisco, 1883 edition. *. * Clendinnen, Inga (2010), "Disciplining the Indians: Franciscan Ideology and Missionary Violence in Sixteenth Century Yucatán" (essay; chapter 3), ''The Cost of Courage in Aztec Society: Essays on Mesoamerican Society and Culture'', Cambridge University Press, (hardback). *Lougheed, Vivien (2009), ''Travel Adventures: Yucatan – Chetumal, Merida & Campeche'', "Chapter 4.10.2.9: Mani", Hunter Travel (guides), Hunter Publishing, Inc., Edison, New Jersey. *Nicholson, H.B. (2001), ''Topiltzin Quetzalcoatl: The Once and Future Lord of the Toltecs'', University Press of Colorado; Boulder, Colorado. * Nimoy, Leonard (narrator) (1978), '' In Search of... (TV series)'', Episode 28 (Series 2, Episode 4; airdate 1978 January 7), "Mayan Mysteries", Alan Landsburg Productions, copyright 1977. * Sharer, Robert J. (1994), ''The Ancient Maya'', 5th edition. Spanish *INEGI (2010); ,

Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía The National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI from its former name in ) is an autonomous agency of the Mexican Government dedicated to coordinate the National System of Statistical and Geographical Information of the country. It w ...

ational Institute of Statistics and Geography (Mexico) *Solís, Juan F. Molina (1896)
''Historia Antigua de Yucatán''
La ruina de Uxmal y la fundación de Maní. Supplemento (1896), Biblioteca Virtual de Yucatan.

External links

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in Spanish language {{DEFAULTSORT:Mani, Yucatan Maya sites in Yucatán Populated places in Yucatán Ancient libraries Maya sites that survived the end of the Classic Period