Maire O'Neill (born Mary Agnes Allgood; 11 January 1886 – 2 November 1952) was an Irish actress of stage and film. She holds a place in theatre history as the first actress to interpret the lead character of Pegeen Mike Flaherty in

John Millington Synge Edmund John Millington Synge (; 16 April 1871 – 24 March 1909), popularly known as J. M. Synge, was an Irish playwright, poet, writer, essayist, and collector of folklores. As an important driving force behind the Irish Literary Revival, Ir ...

's controversial masterpiece '' The Playboy of the Western World'' (1907).

Life

Born at 40 Middle Abbey Street, Dublin, O'Neill was one of eight children of compositor George and French polisher Margaret (''née'' Harold) Allgood, she was known as "Molly". Her father was sternly Protestant and against all music, dancing and entertainment, and her mother a strict Catholic. After her father died in 1896, she was placed in an orphanage. She was apprenticed to a dressmaker. One of Allgood's brothers, Tom, became a Catholic priest. Maud Gonne set up '' Inghinidhe na hÉireann'' (Daughters of Ireland) in 1900 to educate women about Irish history, language and the arts, and Allgood and her sister Sara joined the association's drama classes around 1903. Their acting teacher, Willie Fay, enrolled them in the National Theatre Society, later known as the Abbey Theatre. Maire was part of the Abbey Theatre from 1906 to 1918 where she appeared in many productions. In 1904, she was cast in a play by Irish playwright Teresa Deevy titled ''Katie Roche'', where she played the part of Margaret Drybone; there were 38 performances in this production. In 1905, Molly met Irish playwright

, and they fell in love, a relationship regarded as scandalous because it crossed the class barriers of the time. In September 1907, he had surgery for the removal of troublesome neck glands, but a later tumour was found to be inoperable. They became engaged before his death in March 1909. Synge wrote the plays '' The Playboy of the Western World'' and '' Deirdre of the Sorrows'' for Allgood. She made her American debut in New York in 1914 in the play ''General John Regan'' at the Hudson Theatre. Under her professional name Maire O'Neill, she appeared in films from 1930 to 1953, including

Alfred Hitchcock Sir Alfred Joseph Hitchcock (13 August 1899 – 29 April 1980) was an English film director. He is widely regarded as one of the most influential figures in the history of cinema. In a career spanning six decades, he directed over 50 featu ...

's film version of Seán O'Casey's play '' Juno and the Paycock'' (1930). She played a small part in

Brian Desmond Hurst Brian Desmond Hurst (12 February 1895 – 26 September 1986) was an Irish people, Irish film director. With over thirty films in his filmography, Hurst was hailed as Northern Ireland's best film director by BBC film critic Mike Catto.Scree ...

’s film of '' Riders to the Sea'' (193

IMDb, which starred her sister Sara. Denis Johnston, who was also in the cast, relates in his biography of Synge a colourful incident during filming that involved Molly: she cunningly and simply managed to spoil the last shot of the week with a wardrobe malfunction so that the actors would get another week's filming - and pay - the next week. Denis Johnston, ''John Millington Synge'', (Columbia Essays on Modern Writing No. 12), (Columbia University Press, New York, 1965) p. 30.

Marriages

In June 1911, she married G. H. Mair, drama critic of the ''Manchester Guardian'', and later assistant secretary of the British Department of Information, assistant director of the

League of Nations The League of Nations (LN or LoN; , SdN) was the first worldwide intergovernmental organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace. It was founded on 10 January 1920 by the Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920), Paris Peace ...

Information Office in Geneva, and head of the League of Nations office in London, with whom she had two children. He died suddenly on 3 January 1926. Six months later, she married Arthur Sinclair, an Abbey actor. They had two children but divorced. Her life suffered a full share of tragedies: her fiancé Synge died before they married; she was crushed by her brother Frank's death in World War I in 1915; her beloved husband Sinclair died after 15 years of marriage; and their son died in an air crash in 1942. Her sister Sara's husband and baby died of influenza during the Spanish flu. Sara died two years before her, and they had become estranged.

Death

She died in Park Prewett Hospital, Basingstoke, England on 2 November 1952, aged 66, where she was receiving treatment after being badly burned in a fire at her London home.

In fiction

Joseph O'Connor's 2010 novel ''Ghost Light'' loosely is based on Allgood's relationship with Synge.

Partial filmography

* '' Juno and the Paycock'' (1930) - Mrs. Maisie Madigan * ''M'Blimey'' (1931) * '' Something Always Happens'' (1934) - Tenement Mother (uncredited) * '' Sing As We Go'' (1934) - Madame Osiris * '' Irish Hearts'' (1934) - Mrs. Moriarty * '' Peg of Old Drury'' (1935) - Mrs. Woffington - Peg's Mother * '' Come Out of the Pantry'' (1935) - Mrs. Gore * '' Riders to the Sea'' (1935, Short) - First Woman * '' Fame'' (1936) - Mrs. Docker * '' Ourselves Alone'' (1936) - Nanny * '' Bulldog Drummond at Bay'' (1937) - Norah, the Housekeeper * '' Glamorous Night'' (1937) - Phoebe * '' Spring Handicap'' (1937) - Meg Clayton * '' Farewell Again'' (1937) - Mrs. Brough * '' Oh Boy!'' (1938) - Mrs. Baggs * '' Penny Paradise'' (1938) - Widow Clegg * '' St Martin's Lane'' (1938) - Mrs. Such * '' My Irish Molly'' (1938) - Mrs. O'Shea * '' Mountains O'Mourne'' (1938) - Maura Macree * '' Sword of Honour'' (1939) - Biddy * '' The Missing People'' (1939) - Housekeeper * '' On the Night of the Fire'' (1939) - Neighbour * '' The Arsenal Stadium Mystery'' (1939) - Housekeeper * '' Dr. O'Dowd'' (1940) - Mrs. Mulvanry * '' Convoy'' (1940) - Mary Hogan (uncredited) * '' You Will Remember'' (1941) - Mrs. Barrett * '' Love on the Dole'' (1941) - Mrs. Dorbell * '' Penn of Pennsylvania'' (1942) - Cook * '' Let the People Sing'' (1942) - Mrs. Mitterley * '' Those Kids from Town'' (1942) - Housekeeper * '' Theatre Royal'' (1943) - Mrs. Cope * '' Great Day'' (1945) - Mrs. Bridget Walsh * '' Murder in Reverse?'' (1945) - Mrs. Moore * '' Gaiety George'' (1946) - Mrs. Murphy * '' Piccadilly Incident'' (1946) - Mrs. Milligan * '' Spring Song'' (1946) - Dresser * '' Send for Paul Temple'' (1946) - Mrs. Neddy * '' The Hills of Donegal'' (1947) - Hannah * '' Saints and Sinners'' (1949) - Ma Murnaghan * '' Someone at the Door'' (1950, uncredited) * '' The Clouded Yellow'' (1950) - Nora * '' Stranger at My Door'' (1950) - Clarissa Finnegan * '' Scrooge'' (1951) - Alice's Patient * '' Judgment Deferred'' (1952) - Mrs. O'Halloran * '' Treasure Hunt'' (1952) - Bridgid * '' The Oracle'' (1953) - Mrs. Lenham

Playography

* Katie Roche (1994)

References

External links

* *
Census records at Irish National Archives
*Maire O'Neill a
The Teresa Deevy Archive
*Maire O'Neill a
The Abbey Theatre Archive
* {{DEFAULTSORT:Oneill, Maire 1886 births 1952 deaths Irish stage actresses Irish film actresses Actresses from Dublin (city) 20th-century Irish actresses