Mannheim
Mannheim (; Palatine German: or ), officially the University City of Mannheim (german: Universitätsstadt Mannheim), is the second-largest city in the German state of Baden-Württemberg after the state capital of Stuttgart, and Germany's ...
Act) (officially : Revised Rhine Navigation Act of 17 October 1868) is an international agreement that regulates vessel traffic on the
Rhine
The Rhine ; french: Rhin ; nl, Rijn ; wa, Rén ; li, Rien; rm, label=Sursilvan, Rein, rm, label=Sutsilvan and Surmiran, Ragn, rm, label=Rumantsch Grischun, Vallader and Puter, Rain; it, Reno ; gsw, Rhi(n), including in Alsatian dialect, Al ...
. The principles of the Treaty are:-
* Free shipping
* Equal treatment of sailors and fleet
* Exemption from shipping charges
* Simplified customs clearance
* Obligation to maintain the Rhine's banks
* Standardization of ship safety and ship traffic regulations
* A single jurisdiction for shipping matters and the establishment of the Rhine waterway courts
* Establishing a commission to monitor these principles
History
*1648: Free shipping on the Rhine was first settled, in the
Peace of Westphalia
The Peace of Westphalia (german: Westfälischer Friede, ) is the collective name for two peace treaties signed in October 1648 in the Westphalian cities of Osnabrück and Münster. They ended the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) and brought pe ...
, but could not prevail in practice.
*1815: Called the Final Act of the
Congress of Vienna
The Congress of Vienna (, ) of 1814–1815 was a series of international diplomatic meetings to discuss and agree upon a possible new layout of the European political and constitutional order after the downfall of the French Emperor Napoleon B ...
, the freedom of navigation of international waters of the Rhine and the establishment of a commission.
*1816: This Central Commission for the Navigation of the Rhine first met in Mainz, Germany.
*31 March 1831: The Mainzer Akte was agreed to.
*1861: The Commission was transferred to Mannheim.
*17 October 1868: The Convention of Mannheim was signed by Baden, Bavaria, France, Hesse, the Netherlands and Prussia, valid in its principles today.
*1919: It was changed by the
Treaty of Versailles
The Treaty of Versailles (french: Traité de Versailles; german: Versailler Vertrag, ) was the most important of the peace treaties of World War I. It ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers. It was signed on 28 June 1 ...